mlsanityData to 13 Oct 2026

PyMAF: 3D Human Pose and Shape Regression with Pyramidal Mesh Alignment Feedback Loop

arXiv 2103.16507 ↗First posted 30 Mar 2021cs.CVcited by 250

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Abstract (arXiv)

Regression-based methods have recently shown promising results in reconstructing human meshes from monocular images. By directly mapping raw pixels to model parameters, these methods can produce parametric models in a feed-forward manner via neural networks. However, minor deviation in parameters may lead to noticeable misalignment between the estimated meshes and image evidences. To address this issue, we propose a Pyramidal Mesh Alignment Feedback (PyMAF) loop to leverage a feature pyramid and rectify the predicted parameters explicitly based on the mesh-image alignment status in our deep regressor. In PyMAF, given the currently predicted parameters, mesh-aligned evidences will be extracted from finer-resolution features accordingly and fed back for parameter rectification. To reduce noise and enhance the reliability of these evidences, an auxiliary pixel-wise supervision is imposed on the feature encoder, which provides mesh-image correspondence guidance for our network to preserve the most related information in spatial features. The efficacy of our approach is validated on several benchmarks, including Human3.6M, 3DPW, LSP, and COCO, where experimental results show that our approach consistently improves the mesh-image alignment of the reconstruction. The project page with code and video results can be found at https://hongwenzhang.github.io/pymaf.

Key facts. Cited by 250 papers in the map (data through 13 Oct 2026). Builds on 54 of its 74 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 30 Mar 2021.

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54 of 74 references.

References · 54

  1. 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 51,950
  2. 2014Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimizationcited by 37,093
  3. 2015U-Net: Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentationcited by 19,656
  4. 2014Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Contextcited by 17,550
  5. 2016Feature Pyramid Networks for Object Detectioncited by 5,027
  6. 2019Deep High-Resolution Representation Learning for Human Pose Estimationcited by 1,339
  7. 2018On the Continuity of Rotation Representations in Neural Networkscited by 1,195
  8. 2018OpenPose: Realtime Multi-Person 2D Pose Estimation using Part Affinity Fieldscited by 1,161
  9. 2016Stacked Hourglass Networks for Human Pose Estimationcited by 913
  10. 2017End-to-end Recovery of Human Shape and Posecited by 883
  11. 2019PIFu: Pixel-Aligned Implicit Function for High-Resolution Clothed Human Digitizationcited by 818
  12. 2016Keep it SMPL: Automatic Estimation of 3D Human Pose and Shape from a Single Imagecited by 692
38 more
  1. 2018Pixel2Mesh: Generating 3D Mesh Models from Single RGB Imagescited by 650
  2. 2019Learning to Reconstruct 3D Human Pose and Shape via Model-fitting in the Loopcited by 625
  3. 2019VIBE: Video Inference for Human Body Pose and Shape Estimationcited by 616
  4. 2018DensePose: Dense Human Pose Estimation In The Wildcited by 573
  5. 2016Monocular 3D Human Pose Estimation In The Wild Using Improved CNN Supervisioncited by 493
  6. 2020End-to-End Human Pose and Mesh Reconstruction with Transformerscited by 417
  7. 2018Learning 3D Human Dynamics from Videocited by 315
  8. 2020HybrIK: A Hybrid Analytical-Neural Inverse Kinematics Solution for 3D Human Pose and Shape Estimationcited by 304
  9. 2020I2L-MeshNet: Image-to-Lixel Prediction Network for Accurate 3D Human Pose and Mesh Estimation from a Single RGB Imagecited by 274
  10. 2019Convolutional Mesh Regression for Single-Image Human Shape Reconstructioncited by 270
  11. 2020Pose2Mesh: Graph Convolutional Network for 3D Human Pose and Mesh Recovery from a 2D Human Posecited by 248
  12. 2018Learning to Estimate 3D Human Pose and Shape from a Single Color Imagecited by 226
  13. 2016Coarse-to-Fine Volumetric Prediction for Single-Image 3D Human Posecited by 221
  14. 2017Unite the People: Closing the Loop Between 3D and 2D Human Representationscited by 205
  15. 2018Neural Body Fitting: Unifying Deep Learning and Model-Based Human Pose and Shape Estimationcited by 185
  16. 2019DeepHuman: 3D Human Reconstruction from a Single Imagecited by 182
  17. 2020Monocular Expressive Body Regression through Body-Driven Attentioncited by 155
  18. 2018BodyNet: Volumetric Inference of 3D Human Body Shapescited by 141
  19. 2020Coherent Reconstruction of Multiple Humans from a Single Imagecited by 136
  20. 2015Human Pose Estimation with Iterative Error Feedbackcited by 121
  21. 2019Exploiting temporal context for 3D human pose estimation in the wildcited by 110
  22. 2019DenseRaC: Joint 3D Pose and Shape Estimation by Dense Render-and-Comparecited by 100
  23. 2017Self-supervised Learning of Motion Capturecited by 97
  24. 2020Weakly Supervised 3D Human Pose and Shape Reconstruction with Normalizing Flowscited by 94
  25. 2017Towards Accurate Markerless Human Shape and Pose Estimation over Timecited by 92
  26. 2019Human Mesh Recovery from Monocular Images via a Skeleton-disentangled Representationcited by 87
  27. 2020Synthetic Training for Accurate 3D Human Pose and Shape Estimation in the Wildcited by 82
  28. 2020Human Body Model Fitting by Learned Gradient Descentcited by 81
  29. 2019Sim2real transfer learning for 3D human pose estimation: motion to the rescuecited by 75
  30. 2019Detailed Human Shape Estimation from a Single Image by Hierarchical Mesh Deformationcited by 71
  31. 2020Hierarchical Kinematic Human Mesh Recoverycited by 71
  32. 20203D Human Mesh Regression with Dense Correspondencecited by 66
  33. 2020Neural Descent for Visual 3D Human Pose and Shapecited by 60
  34. 2019TexturePose: Supervising Human Mesh Estimation with Texture Consistencycited by 53
  35. 2019Learning 3D Human Shape and Pose from Dense Body Partscited by 48
  36. 2019Delving Deep Into Hybrid Annotations for 3D Human Recovery in the Wildcited by 38
  37. 2020Appearance Consensus Driven Self-Supervised Human Mesh Recoverycited by 27
  38. 2021PC-HMR: Pose Calibration for 3D Human Mesh Recovery from 2D Images/Videoscited by 25

50 most cited of 54 All 54 (JSON)

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Cited by year (2026 to 13 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 10; 2022: 34; 2023: 74; 2024: 68; 2025: 34; 2026: 30.

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  1. 2023Humans in 4D: Reconstructing and Tracking Humans with Transformerscited by 345
  2. 2021ICON: Implicit Clothed humans Obtained from Normalscited by 283
  3. 2022CLIFF: Carrying Location Information in Full Frames into Human Pose and Shape Estimationcited by 237
  4. 2023BEDLAM: A Synthetic Dataset of Bodies Exhibiting Detailed Lifelike Animated Motioncited by 232
  5. 2022ECON: Explicit Clothed humans Optimized via Normal integrationcited by 199
  6. 2022MotionBERT: A Unified Perspective on Learning Human Motion Representationscited by 190
  7. 2023GaussianAvatar: Towards Realistic Human Avatar Modeling from a Single Video via Animatable 3D Gaussianscited by 190
  8. 2022Generating Holistic 3D Human Motion from Speechcited by 180
  9. 2021GLAMR: Global Occlusion-Aware Human Mesh Recovery with Dynamic Camerascited by 152
  10. 2022PyMAF-X: Towards Well-aligned Full-body Model Regression from Monocular Imagescited by 152
  11. 2021Putting People in their Place: Monocular Regression of 3D People in Depthcited by 141
  12. 2023Decoupling Human and Camera Motion from Videos in the Wildcited by 141
38 more
  1. 2024TRAM: Global Trajectory and Motion of 3D Humans from in-the-wild Videoscited by 105
  2. 2023TeCH: Text-guided Reconstruction of Lifelike Clothed Humanscited by 104
  3. 2022Recovering 3D Human Mesh from Monocular Images: A Surveycited by 103
  4. 20233D Human Pose Estimation via Intuitive Physicscited by 101
  5. 2024Multi-HMR: Multi-Person Whole-Body Human Mesh Recovery in a Single Shotcited by 99
  6. 2023EMDB: The Electromagnetic Database of Global 3D Human Pose and Shape in the Wildcited by 95
  7. 2024TokenHMR: Advancing Human Mesh Recovery with a Tokenized Pose Representationcited by 93
  8. 2023TRACE: 5D Temporal Regression of Avatars with Dynamic Cameras in 3D Environmentscited by 90
  9. 2022Interacting Attention Graph for Single Image Two-Hand Reconstructioncited by 87
  10. 2022GIMO: Gaze-Informed Human Motion Prediction in Contextcited by 81
  11. 2022Cross-Attention of Disentangled Modalities for 3D Human Mesh Recovery with Transformerscited by 81
  12. 2023SIFU: Side-view Conditioned Implicit Function for Real-world Usable Clothed Human Reconstructioncited by 77
  13. 2025PromptHMR: Promptable Human Mesh Recoverycited by 72
  14. 2023ChatPose: Chatting about 3D Human Posecited by 71
  15. 2021DeepMultiCap: Performance Capture of Multiple Characters Using Sparse Multiview Camerascited by 67
  16. 2023X-Avatar: Expressive Human Avatarscited by 66
  17. 2024CameraHMR: Aligning People with Perspectivecited by 64
  18. 2023EgoHumans: An Egocentric 3D Multi-Human Benchmarkcited by 60
  19. 2022Capturing Humans in Motion: Temporal-Attentive 3D Human Pose and Shape Estimation from Monocular Videocited by 59
  20. 2024Neural Localizer Fields for Continuous 3D Human Pose and Shape Estimationcited by 58
  21. 2023AG3D: Learning to Generate 3D Avatars from 2D Image Collectionscited by 55
  22. 2023DECO: Dense Estimation of 3D Human-Scene Contact In The Wildcited by 54
  23. 2024HumanSplat: Generalizable Single-Image Human Gaussian Splatting with Structure Priorscited by 54
  24. 2021DoubleField: Bridging the Neural Surface and Radiance Fields for High-fidelity Human Reconstruction and Renderingcited by 52
  25. 2022Occluded Human Mesh Recoverycited by 52
  26. 2022Accurate 3D Body Shape Regression using Metric and Semantic Attributescited by 50
  27. 2023HybrIK-X: Hybrid Analytical-Neural Inverse Kinematics for Whole-body Mesh Recoverycited by 48
  28. 2023ReFit: Recurrent Fitting Network for 3D Human Recoverycited by 47
  29. 2023Global-to-Local Modeling for Video-based 3D Human Pose and Shape Estimationcited by 46
  30. 2023NIKI: Neural Inverse Kinematics with Invertible Neural Networks for 3D Human Pose and Shape Estimationcited by 45
  31. 20233D Human Mesh Estimation from Virtual Markerscited by 44
  32. 2023Generative Proxemics: A Prior for 3D Social Interaction from Imagescited by 43
  33. 2023I'M HOI: Inertia-aware Monocular Capture of 3D Human-Object Interactionscited by 43
  34. 2023Global-correlated 3D-decoupling Transformer for Clothed Avatar Reconstructioncited by 42
  35. 2022TORE: Token Reduction for Efficient Human Mesh Recovery with Transformercited by 41
  36. 2023Zolly: Zoom Focal Length Correctly for Perspective-Distorted Human Mesh Reconstructioncited by 41
  37. 2024AiOS: All-in-One-Stage Expressive Human Pose and Shape Estimationcited by 41
  38. 2024Score-Guided Diffusion for 3D Human Recoverycited by 39

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