Streaming Radiance Fields for 3D Video Synthesis
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Abstract (arXiv)
We present an explicit-grid based method for efficiently reconstructing streaming radiance fields for novel view synthesis of real world dynamic scenes. Instead of training a single model that combines all the frames, we formulate the dynamic modeling problem with an incremental learning paradigm in which per-frame model difference is trained to complement the adaption of a base model on the current frame. By exploiting the simple yet effective tuning strategy with narrow bands, the proposed method realizes a feasible framework for handling video sequences on-the-fly with high training efficiency. The storage overhead induced by using explicit grid representations can be significantly reduced through the use of model difference based compression. We also introduce an efficient strategy to further accelerate model optimization for each frame. Experiments on challenging video sequences demonstrate that our approach is capable of achieving a training speed of 15 seconds per-frame with competitive rendering quality, which attains 1000 × speedup over the state-of-the-art implicit methods. Code is available at https://github.com/AlgoHunt/StreamRF.
Key facts. Cited by 119 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 26 of its 59 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 26 Oct 2022.
Builds on
26 of 59 references.
References · 26
- 2022Instant Neural Graphics Primitives with a Multiresolution Hash Encodingcited by 3,723
- 2021Mip-NeRF: A Multiscale Representation for Anti-Aliasing Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 1,964
- 2021Plenoxels: Radiance Fields without Neural Networkscited by 1,613
- 2020D-NeRF: Neural Radiance Fields for Dynamic Scenescited by 1,465
- 2022TensoRF: Tensorial Radiance Fieldscited by 1,280
- 2020Nerfies: Deformable Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 1,198
- 2021Direct Voxel Grid Optimization: Super-fast Convergence for Radiance Fields Reconstructioncited by 964
- 2020Neural Sparse Voxel Fieldscited by 959
- 2021PlenOctrees for Real-time Rendering of Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 905
- 2020NeRF++: Analyzing and Improving Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 861
- 2018MVSNet: Depth Inference for Unstructured Multi-view Stereocited by 788
- 2020Neural Scene Flow Fields for Space-Time View Synthesis of Dynamic Scenescited by 751
14 more
- 2021KiloNeRF: Speeding up Neural Radiance Fields with Thousands of Tiny MLPscited by 673
- 2019Local Light Field Fusion: Practical View Synthesis with Prescriptive Sampling Guidelinescited by 672
- 2021RegNeRF: Regularizing Neural Radiance Fields for View Synthesis from Sparse Inputscited by 615
- 2021Ref-NeRF: Structured View-Dependent Appearance for Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 575
- 2021FastNeRF: High-Fidelity Neural Rendering at 200FPScited by 511
- 2020Non-Rigid Neural Radiance Fields: Reconstruction and Novel View Synthesis of a Dynamic Scene From Monocular Videocited by 471
- 2021Dynamic View Synthesis from Dynamic Monocular Videocited by 420
- 2020Space-time Neural Irradiance Fields for Free-Viewpoint Videocited by 414
- 2021Animatable Neural Radiance Fields for Modeling Dynamic Human Bodiescited by 361
- 2020Single-View View Synthesis with Multiplane Imagescited by 263
- 2019DeepView: View Synthesis with Learned Gradient Descentcited by 253
- 20204D Visualization of Dynamic Events from Unconstrained Multi-View Videoscited by 66
- 2020MatryODShka: Real-time 6DoF Video View Synthesis using Multi-Sphere Imagescited by 64
- 2021VirtualCube: An Immersive 3D Video Communication Systemcited by 11
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Citing papers per year: 2022: 5; 2023: 21; 2024: 28; 2025: 31; 2026: 34.
119 papers.
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- 2023HexPlane: A Fast Representation for Dynamic Scenescited by 587
- 2023Real-time Photorealistic Dynamic Scene Representation and Rendering with 4D Gaussian Splattingcited by 476
- 2023Spacetime Gaussian Feature Splatting for Real-Time Dynamic View Synthesiscited by 344
- 2022NeuS2: Fast Learning of Neural Implicit Surfaces for Multi-view Reconstructioncited by 314
- 2023NeRSemble: Multi-view Radiance Field Reconstruction of Human Headscited by 194
- 20244D-Rotor Gaussian Splatting: Towards Efficient Novel View Synthesis for Dynamic Scenescited by 189
- 2023HyperReel: High-Fidelity 6-DoF Video with Ray-Conditioned Samplingcited by 174
- 20243DGStream: On-the-Fly Training of 3D Gaussians for Efficient Streaming of Photo-Realistic Free-Viewpoint Videoscited by 160
- 2022NeRFPlayer: A Streamable Dynamic Scene Representation with Decomposed Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 152
- 2023CompGS: Smaller and Faster Gaussian Splatting with Vector Quantizationcited by 130
- 2022Mixed Neural Voxels for Fast Multi-view Video Synthesiscited by 127
- 20243D Geometry-aware Deformable Gaussian Splatting for Dynamic View Synthesiscited by 109
38 more
- 2023Neural Residual Radiance Fields for Streamably Free-Viewpoint Videoscited by 77
- 2024Fully Explicit Dynamic Gaussian Splattingcited by 76
- 2022Compressing Volumetric Radiance Fields to 1 MBcited by 68
- 2023Neural Parametric Gaussians for Monocular Non-Rigid Object Reconstructioncited by 61
- 2023Im4D: High-Fidelity and Real-Time Novel View Synthesis for Dynamic Scenescited by 55
- 2024MEGA: Memory-Efficient 4D Gaussian Splatting for Dynamic Scenescited by 47
- 2023SWinGS: Sliding Windows for Dynamic 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 46
- 2024REACTO: Reconstructing Articulated Objects from a Single Videocited by 45
- 2023Masked Space-Time Hash Encoding for Efficient Dynamic Scene Reconstructioncited by 43
- 2025Swift4D:Adaptive divide-and-conquer Gaussian Splatting for compact and efficient reconstruction of dynamic scenecited by 42
- 2024Vidu4D: Single Generated Video to High-Fidelity 4D Reconstruction with Dynamic Gaussian Surfelscited by 38
- 20244D Gaussian Splatting with Scale-aware Residual Field and Adaptive Optimization for Real-time Rendering of Temporally Complex Dynamic Scenescited by 37
- 2025Instant Gaussian Stream: Fast and Generalizable Streaming of Dynamic Scene Reconstruction via Gaussian Splattingcited by 36
- 2023CoGS: Controllable Gaussian Splattingcited by 32
- 2024V^3: Viewing Volumetric Videos on Mobiles via Streamable 2D Dynamic Gaussianscited by 29
- 2024Recent Trends in 3D Reconstruction of General Non-Rigid Scenescited by 28
- 20254DGC: Rate-Aware 4D Gaussian Compression for Efficient Streamable Free-Viewpoint Videocited by 27
- 2024Compact 3D Gaussian Splatting for Static and Dynamic Radiance Fieldscited by 25
- 2023VideoRF: Rendering Dynamic Radiance Fields as 2D Feature Video Streamscited by 22
- 2023DiVa-360: The Dynamic Visual Dataset for Immersive Neural Fieldscited by 17
- 2023Sync-NeRF: Generalizing Dynamic NeRFs to Unsynchronized Videoscited by 16
- 20244Dynamic: Text-to-4D Generation with Hybrid Priorscited by 15
- 20244D Gaussian Splatting: Modeling Dynamic Scenes with Native 4D Primitivescited by 15
- 2024Dynamics-Aware Gaussian Splatting Streaming Towards Fast On-the-Fly 4D Reconstructioncited by 14
- 2024VRVVC: Variable-Rate NeRF-Based Volumetric Video Compressioncited by 14
- 2023MoDA: Modeling Deformable 3D Objects from Casual Videoscited by 13
- 2024JointRF: End-to-End Joint Optimization for Dynamic Neural Radiance Field Representation and Compressioncited by 13
- 2024HPC: Hierarchical Progressive Coding Framework for Volumetric Videocited by 13
- 20251000+ FPS 4D Gaussian Splatting for Dynamic Scene Renderingcited by 13
- 2025LocalDyGS: Multi-view Global Dynamic Scene Modeling via Adaptive Local Implicit Feature Decouplingcited by 13
- 2025ReCon-GS: Continuum-Preserved Gaussian Streaming for Fast and Compact Reconstruction of Dynamic Scenescited by 12
- 2024SwinGS: Sliding Window Gaussian Splatting for Volumetric Video Streaming with Arbitrary Lengthcited by 11
- 2024Learnable Infinite Taylor Gaussian for Dynamic View Renderingcited by 11
- 20254DGCPro: Efficient Hierarchical 4D Gaussian Compression for Progressive Volumetric Video Streamingcited by 11
- 2023Neural radiance fields in the industrial and robotics domain: applications, research opportunities and use casescited by 10
- 2024Modeling Ambient Scene Dynamics for Free-view Synthesiscited by 10
- 2024TimeFormer: Capturing Temporal Relationships of Deformable 3D Gaussians for Robust Reconstructioncited by 9
- 2025Dynamic Scene Reconstruction: Recent Advance in Real-time Rendering and Streamingcited by 9
50 most cited of 119 All 119 (JSON)
- 2026TETRIS-4DGS: Efficient Post-Training Compression of 4D Gaussian Splatting10 Oct 2026
- 2026Reconstructing the Dynamic World: A Representation-Centric View of 4D Scene Reconstruction30 Sep 2026
- 2026DecoGS: Adaptive Static-Dynamic Decoupling of 3D Gaussians for Free-Viewpoint Video Streaming15 Sep 2026
- 2026ATGS: Anchored Temporal Gaussian Splatting for Long Volumetric Video Representation31 Aug 2026
- 2026M3ISR: A Multi-Modal Multi-View Benchmark for 3D/4D Gaussian Splatting and Feedforward Compression23 Aug 2026
- 2026S2GS: Structured Sparse Gaussian Streaming for Efficient Free-Viewpoint Video Reconstruction on Edge-IoT Devices20 Aug 2026
- 2026QuARC-GS: Quantized Anchored Residual Coding for Compact Dynamic Scene Streaming with Gaussian Splatting18 Aug 2026
- 2026Implicit 4D Gaussian Splatting for Fast Motion with Large Inter-Frame Displacements14 Jul 2026
- 2026DLGStream: Dynamic Language-embedded Guassian Splatting for Open-vocabulary Enabled Free-viewpoint Video Streaming27 Jun 2026
- 20264D Reconstruction from Sparse Dynamic Cameras3 Jun 2026
- 2026CATRF: Codec-Adaptive TriPlane Radiance Fields for Volumetric Content Delivery18 May 2026
- 20263D Gaussian Splatting for Efficient Retrospective Dynamic Scene Novel View Synthesis with a Standardized Benchmark12 May 2026
38 more
- 2026CAGS: Color-Adaptive Volumetric Video Streaming with Dynamic 3D Gaussian Splatting10 May 2026
- 2026GeoRect4D: Geometry-Compatible Generative Rectification for Dynamic Sparse-View 3D Reconstruction22 Apr 2026
- 2026ClipGStream: Clip-Stream Gaussian Splatting for Any Length and Any Motion Multi-View Dynamic Scene Reconstruction15 Apr 2026
- 2026RobotPan: A 360^circ Surround-View Robotic Vision System for Embodied Perception15 Apr 2026
- 2026DF3DV-1K: A Large-Scale Dataset and Benchmark for Distractor-Free Novel View Synthesis15 Apr 2026
- 2026Realizing Immersive Volumetric Video: A Multimodal Framework for 6-DoF VR Engagement10 Apr 2026
- 2026Stitch4D: Sparse Multi-Location 4D Urban Reconstruction via Spatio-Temporal Interpolation9 Apr 2026
- 2026LiveStre4m: Feed-Forward Live Streaming of Novel Views from Unposed Multi-View Video8 Apr 2026
- 2026TrackerSplat: Exploiting Point Tracking for Fast and Robust Dynamic 3D Gaussians Reconstruction2 Apr 2026
- 2026textit4DSurf: High-Fidelity Dynamic Scene Surface Reconstruction30 Mar 2026
- 2026RehearsalNeRF: Decoupling Intrinsic Neural Fields of Dynamic Illuminations for Scene Editing30 Mar 2026
- 2026MoRGS: Efficient Per-Gaussian Motion Reasoning for Streamable Dynamic 3D Scenes26 Mar 2026
- 2026Fast and Robust Deformable 3D Gaussian Splatting21 Mar 2026
- 2026Does it matter which Gaussians you pick in 4D Gaussian streaming?18 Mar 2026
- 2026Catalyst4D: High-Fidelity 3D-to-4D Scene Editing via Dynamic Propagation13 Mar 2026
- 2026Decoupling Motion and Geometry in 4D Gaussian Splatting1 Mar 2026
- 2026PackUV: Packed Gaussian UV Maps for 4D Volumetric Video26 Feb 2026
- 2026Time-Archival Camera Virtualization for Sports and Visual Performances16 Feb 2026
- 2026Constrained Dynamic Gaussian Splatting3 Feb 2026
- 2026HPC: Hierarchical Point-based Latent Representation for Streaming Dynamic Gaussian Splatting Compression31 Jan 2026
- 2026Compression Tells Intelligence: Visual Coding, Visual Token Technology, and the Unification28 Jan 2026
- 2026LoD-Structured 3D Gaussian Splatting for Streaming Video Reconstruction26 Jan 2026
- 2025Charge: A Comprehensive Novel View Synthesis Benchmark and Dataset to Bind Them All15 Dec 2025
- 2025MultiEgo: A Multi-View Egocentric Video Dataset for 4D Scene Reconstruction12 Dec 2025
- 2025SUCCESS-GS: Survey of Compactness and Compression for Efficient Static and Dynamic Gaussian Splatting8 Dec 2025
- 2025Do Flat Minima Improve Sparse Novel View Synthesis?22 Nov 2025
- 2025StreamSTGS: Streaming Spatial and Temporal Gaussian Grids for Real-Time Free-Viewpoint Video8 Nov 2025
- 2025DEGS: Deformable Event-based 3D Gaussian Splatting from RGB and Event Stream9 Oct 2025
- 2025SCas4D: Structural Cascaded Optimization for Boosting Persistent 4D Novel View Synthesis8 Oct 2025
- 2025ReCon-GS: Continuum-Preserved Gaussian Streaming for Fast and Compact Reconstruction of Dynamic Scenes29 Sep 2025
- 20254DGCPro: Efficient Hierarchical 4D Gaussian Compression for Progressive Volumetric Video Streaming22 Sep 2025
- 20254D-MoDe: Towards Editable and Scalable Volumetric Streaming via Motion-Decoupled 4D Gaussian Compression22 Sep 2025
- 2025Scale-GS: Efficient Scalable Gaussian Splatting via Redundancy-filtering Training on Streaming Content29 Aug 2025
- 2025MAPo : Motion-Aware Partitioning of Deformable 3D Gaussian Splatting for High-Fidelity Dynamic Scene Reconstruction27 Aug 2025
- 2025D-FCGS: Feedforward Compression of Dynamic Gaussian Splatting for Free-Viewpoint Videos8 Jul 2025
- 2025LocalDyGS: Multi-view Global Dynamic Scene Modeling via Adaptive Local Implicit Feature Decoupling3 Jul 2025
- 2025ViDAR: Video Diffusion-Aware 4D Reconstruction From Monocular Inputs23 Jun 2025
- 2025DynaSplat: Dynamic-Static Gaussian Splatting with Hierarchical Motion Decomposition for Scene Reconstruction11 Jun 2025
50 newest of 119 All 119 (JSON)
- 2025ViDAR: Video Diffusion-Aware 4D Reconstruction From Monocular Inputs23 Jun 2025
- 20244Dynamic: Text-to-4D Generation with Hybrid Priors17 Jul 2024
- 2023HexPlane: A Fast Representation for Dynamic Scenescited by 587
- 2023Real-time Photorealistic Dynamic Scene Representation and Rendering with 4D Gaussian Splattingcited by 476
- 2023Spacetime Gaussian Feature Splatting for Real-Time Dynamic View Synthesiscited by 344
- 2022NeuS2: Fast Learning of Neural Implicit Surfaces for Multi-view Reconstructioncited by 314
- 2023NeRSemble: Multi-view Radiance Field Reconstruction of Human Headscited by 194
- 20244D-Rotor Gaussian Splatting: Towards Efficient Novel View Synthesis for Dynamic Scenescited by 189
- 2023HyperReel: High-Fidelity 6-DoF Video with Ray-Conditioned Samplingcited by 174
- 20243DGStream: On-the-Fly Training of 3D Gaussians for Efficient Streaming of Photo-Realistic Free-Viewpoint Videoscited by 160
- 2022NeRFPlayer: A Streamable Dynamic Scene Representation with Decomposed Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 152
- 2023CompGS: Smaller and Faster Gaussian Splatting with Vector Quantizationcited by 130
- 2022Mixed Neural Voxels for Fast Multi-view Video Synthesiscited by 127
- 20243D Geometry-aware Deformable Gaussian Splatting for Dynamic View Synthesiscited by 109
12 most cited of 117 All 117 (JSON)
- 2026TETRIS-4DGS: Efficient Post-Training Compression of 4D Gaussian Splatting10 Oct 2026
- 2026Reconstructing the Dynamic World: A Representation-Centric View of 4D Scene Reconstruction30 Sep 2026
- 2026DecoGS: Adaptive Static-Dynamic Decoupling of 3D Gaussians for Free-Viewpoint Video Streaming15 Sep 2026
- 2026ATGS: Anchored Temporal Gaussian Splatting for Long Volumetric Video Representation31 Aug 2026
- 2026M3ISR: A Multi-Modal Multi-View Benchmark for 3D/4D Gaussian Splatting and Feedforward Compression23 Aug 2026
- 2026S2GS: Structured Sparse Gaussian Streaming for Efficient Free-Viewpoint Video Reconstruction on Edge-IoT Devices20 Aug 2026
- 2026QuARC-GS: Quantized Anchored Residual Coding for Compact Dynamic Scene Streaming with Gaussian Splatting18 Aug 2026
- 2026Implicit 4D Gaussian Splatting for Fast Motion with Large Inter-Frame Displacements14 Jul 2026
- 2026DLGStream: Dynamic Language-embedded Guassian Splatting for Open-vocabulary Enabled Free-viewpoint Video Streaming27 Jun 2026
- 20264D Reconstruction from Sparse Dynamic Cameras3 Jun 2026
- 2026CATRF: Codec-Adaptive TriPlane Radiance Fields for Volumetric Content Delivery18 May 2026
- 20263D Gaussian Splatting for Efficient Retrospective Dynamic Scene Novel View Synthesis with a Standardized Benchmark12 May 2026
12 newest of 117 All 117 (JSON)