mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Human101: Training 100+FPS Human Gaussians in 100s from 1 View

arXiv 2312.15258 ↗First posted 23 Dec 2023cs.CVcited by 32

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

Reconstructing the human body from single-view videos plays a pivotal role in the virtual reality domain. One prevalent application scenario necessitates the rapid reconstruction of high-fidelity 3D digital humans while simultaneously ensuring real-time rendering and interaction. Existing methods often struggle to fulfill both requirements. In this paper, we introduce Human101, a novel framework adept at producing high-fidelity dynamic 3D human reconstructions from 1-view videos by training 3D Gaussians in 100 seconds and rendering in 100+ FPS. Our method leverages the strengths of 3D Gaussian Splatting, which provides an explicit and efficient representation of 3D humans. Standing apart from prior NeRF-based pipelines, Human101 ingeniously applies a Human-centric Forward Gaussian Animation method to deform the parameters of 3D Gaussians, thereby enhancing rendering speed (i.e., rendering 1024-resolution images at an impressive 60+ FPS and rendering 512-resolution images at 100+ FPS). Experimental results indicate that our approach substantially eclipses current methods, clocking up to a 10 times surge in frames per second and delivering comparable or superior rendering quality. Code and demos will be released at https://github.com/longxiang-ai/Human101.

Key facts. Cited by 32 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 59 of its 72 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 23 Dec 2023.

Builds on

59 of 72 references.

References · 59

  1. 2018The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metriccited by 11,177
  2. 20233D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Radiance Field Renderingcited by 6,226
  3. 2022Instant Neural Graphics Primitives with a Multiresolution Hash Encodingcited by 3,723
  4. 2021Mip-NeRF 360: Unbounded Anti-Aliased Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 2,032
  5. 2021Plenoxels: Radiance Fields without Neural Networkscited by 1,613
  6. 2019Expressive Body Capture: 3D Hands, Face, and Body from a Single Imagecited by 1,612
  7. 2018OpenPose: Realtime Multi-Person 2D Pose Estimation using Part Affinity Fieldscited by 1,162
  8. 2016Realtime Multi-Person 2D Pose Estimation using Part Affinity Fieldscited by 1,064
  9. 2021PlenOctrees for Real-time Rendering of Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 905
  10. 2019PIFu: Pixel-Aligned Implicit Function for High-Resolution Clothed Human Digitizationcited by 818
  11. 2016Keep it SMPL: Automatic Estimation of 3D Human Pose and Shape from a Single Imagecited by 695
  12. 2021KiloNeRF: Speeding up Neural Radiance Fields with Thousands of Tiny MLPscited by 673
38 more
  1. 2020Neural Body: Implicit Neural Representations with Structured Latent Codes for Novel View Synthesis of Dynamic Humanscited by 634
  2. 2019Learning to Reconstruct 3D Human Pose and Shape via Model-fitting in the Loopcited by 627
  3. 2020PIFuHD: Multi-Level Pixel-Aligned Implicit Function for High-Resolution 3D Human Digitizationcited by 521
  4. 2021FastNeRF: High-Fidelity Neural Rendering at 200FPScited by 511
  5. 2022HumanNeRF: Free-viewpoint Rendering of Moving People from Monocular Videocited by 483
  6. 2021Baking Neural Radiance Fields for Real-Time View Synthesiscited by 468
  7. 2018DeepVoxels: Learning Persistent 3D Feature Embeddingscited by 405
  8. 2021Animatable Neural Radiance Fields for Modeling Dynamic Human Bodiescited by 361
  9. 2022Fast Dynamic Radiance Fields with Time-Aware Neural Voxelscited by 346
  10. 2016Convolutional Pose Machinescited by 325
  11. 2022MobileNeRF: Exploiting the Polygon Rasterization Pipeline for Efficient Neural Field Rendering on Mobile Architecturescited by 311
  12. 2021ICON: Implicit Clothed humans Obtained from Normalscited by 283
  13. 2022NeuMan: Neural Human Radiance Field from a Single Videocited by 244
  14. 2017Hand Keypoint Detection in Single Images using Multiview Bootstrappingcited by 231
  15. 2021SNARF: Differentiable Forward Skinning for Animating Non-Rigid Neural Implicit Shapescited by 221
  16. 2020Monocular, One-stage, Regression of Multiple 3D Peoplecited by 218
  17. 2022ECON: Explicit Clothed humans Optimized via Normal integrationcited by 199
  18. 2021Point-Based Neural Rendering with Per-View Optimizationcited by 190
  19. 2021SCANimate: Weakly Supervised Learning of Skinned Clothed Avatar Networkscited by 181
  20. 2022TAVA: Template-free Animatable Volumetric Actorscited by 172
  21. 2020DeepCap: Monocular Human Performance Capture Using Weak Supervisioncited by 162
  22. 2021SMPLicit: Topology-aware Generative Model for Clothed Peoplecited by 155
  23. 2022SelfRecon: Self Reconstruction Your Digital Avatar from Monocular Videocited by 144
  24. 2021Putting People in their Place: Monocular Regression of 3D People in Depthcited by 142
  25. 2022ARAH: Animatable Volume Rendering of Articulated Human SDFscited by 139
  26. 2022InstantAvatar: Learning Avatars from Monocular Video in 60 Secondscited by 138
  27. 2021Real-time Deep Dynamic Characterscited by 133
  28. 2021LEAP: Learning Articulated Occupancy of Peoplecited by 107
  29. 2021Neural-GIF: Neural Generalized Implicit Functions for Animating People in Clothingcited by 102
  30. 2022Generative Neural Articulated Radiance Fieldscited by 101
  31. 2023TRACE: 5D Temporal Regression of Avatars with Dynamic Cameras in 3D Environmentscited by 91
  32. 2022Differentiable Point-Based Radiance Fields for Efficient View Synthesiscited by 86
  33. 2023AvatarReX: Real-time Expressive Full-body Avatarscited by 84
  34. 2022gDNA: Towards Generative Detailed Neural Avatarscited by 72
  35. 2023Learning Neural Volumetric Representations of Dynamic Humans in Minutescited by 70
  36. 2022Unsupervised Learning of Efficient Geometry-Aware Neural Articulated Representationscited by 65
  37. 2022AvatarGen: A 3D Generative Model for Animatable Human Avatarscited by 59
  38. 2023Tetra-NeRF: Representing Neural Radiance Fields Using Tetrahedracited by 57

50 most cited of 59 All 59 (JSON)

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2023: 1; 2024: 22; 2025: 6; 2026: 3.

32 papers.

Sort:

By area:

  1. 2024A Survey on 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 224
  2. 2024MoSca: Dynamic Gaussian Fusion from Casual Videos via 4D Motion Scaffoldscited by 179
  3. 2024Recent Advances in 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 131
  4. 20243D Gaussian as a New Era: A Surveycited by 104
  5. 2024HumanSplat: Generalizable Single-Image Human Gaussian Splatting with Structure Priorscited by 54
  6. 2024GVA: Reconstructing Vivid 3D Gaussian Avatars from Monocular Videoscited by 22
  7. 2024Expressive Gaussian Human Avatars from Monocular RGB Videocited by 21
  8. 2024BrightDreamer: Generic 3D Gaussian Generative Framework for Fast Text-to-3D Synthesiscited by 20
  9. 2024Advancing Extended Reality with 3D Gaussian Splatting: Innovations and Prospectscited by 17
  10. 2024A Survey on 3D Human Avatar Modeling -- From Reconstruction to Generationcited by 13
  11. 2025LIFe-GoM: Generalizable Human Rendering with Learned Iterative Feedback Over Multi-Resolution Gaussians-on-Meshcited by 11
  12. 2024ToMiE: Towards Explicit Exoskeleton for the Reconstruction of Complicated 3D Human Avatarscited by 10
20 more
  1. 2024Sequential Gaussian Avatars with Hierarchical Motion Contextcited by 9
  2. 2023Wild2Avatar: Rendering Humans Behind Occlusionscited by 8
  3. 2024OccFusion: Rendering Occluded Humans with Generative Diffusion Priorscited by 8
  4. 2024PICA: Physics-Integrated Clothed Avatarcited by 8
  5. 2025WonderHuman: Hallucinating Unseen Parts in Dynamic 3D Human Reconstructioncited by 6
  6. 2024DAGSM: Disentangled Avatar Generation with GS-enhanced Meshcited by 5
  7. 2024Generalizable Neural Human Renderercited by 3
  8. 2024Gaussian Control with Hierarchical Semantic Graphs in 3D Human Recoverycited by 3
  9. 2025R3-Avatar: Record and Retrieve Temporal Codebook for Reconstructing Photorealistic Human Avatarscited by 3
  10. 2025Parametric Gaussian Human Model: Generalizable Prior for Efficient and Realistic Human Avatar Modelingcited by 3
  11. 2024MOSS: Motion-based 3D Clothed Human Synthesis from Monocular Videocited by 1
  12. 2024ExFMan: Rendering 3D Dynamic Humans with Hybrid Monocular Blurry Frames and Eventscited by 1
  13. 2025On the Skinning of Gaussian Avatarscited by 1
  14. 2026One-Shot Novel View and Pose Human Image Synthesis via 3D Prior Guided Diffusion Modelcited by 1
  15. 2024NieR: Normal-Based Lighting Scene Renderingcited by 0
  16. 2024InstantGeoAvatar: Effective Geometry and Appearance Modeling of Animatable Avatars from Monocular Videocited by 0
  17. 20243D2-Actor: Learning Pose-Conditioned 3D-Aware Denoiser for Realistic Gaussian Avatar Modelingcited by 0
  18. 2025HumanCrafter: Synergizing Generalizable Human Reconstruction and Semantic 3D Segmentationcited by 0
  19. 2026Generator-Refiner-Examiner: A Tri-Module Data Augmentation Framework for 3D Human Avatar Learning from Monocular Videoscited by 0
  20. 20264DHumanDiff: Direct Text-to-4DGS Generation for Consistent 360-Degree Dynamic Humanscited by 0