mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

NPMs: Neural Parametric Models for 3D Deformable Shapes

arXiv 2104.00702 ↗First posted 1 Apr 2021cs.CV cs.GRcited by 89

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Abstract (arXiv)

Parametric 3D models have enabled a wide variety of tasks in computer graphics and vision, such as modeling human bodies, faces, and hands. However, the construction of these parametric models is often tedious, as it requires heavy manual tweaking, and they struggle to represent additional complexity and details such as wrinkles or clothing. To this end, we propose Neural Parametric Models (NPMs), a novel, learned alternative to traditional, parametric 3D models, which does not require hand-crafted, object-specific constraints. In particular, we learn to disentangle 4D dynamics into latent-space representations of shape and pose, leveraging the flexibility of recent developments in learned implicit functions. Crucially, once learned, our neural parametric models of shape and pose enable optimization over the learned spaces to fit to new observations, similar to the fitting of a traditional parametric model, e.g., SMPL. This enables NPMs to achieve a significantly more accurate and detailed representation of observed deformable sequences. We show that NPMs improve notably over both parametric and non-parametric state of the art in reconstruction and tracking of monocular depth sequences of clothed humans and hands. Latent-space interpolation as well as shape/pose transfer experiments further demonstrate the usefulness of NPMs. Code is publicly available at https://pablopalafox.github.io/npms.

Key facts. Cited by 89 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 29 of its 54 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 1 Apr 2021.

Builds on

29 of 54 references.

References · 29

  1. 2014Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimizationcited by 36,960
  2. 2019DeepSDF: Learning Continuous Signed Distance Functions for Shape Representationcited by 2,682
  3. 2018Occupancy Networks: Learning 3D Reconstruction in Function Spacecited by 2,037
  4. 2019AMASS: Archive of Motion Capture as Surface Shapescited by 1,208
  5. 2018OpenPose: Realtime Multi-Person 2D Pose Estimation using Part Affinity Fieldscited by 1,161
  6. 2018Learning Implicit Fields for Generative Shape Modelingcited by 1,060
  7. 2016A Point Set Generation Network for 3D Object Reconstruction from a Single Imagecited by 972
  8. 2018Pixel2Mesh: Generating 3D Mesh Models from Single RGB Imagescited by 649
  9. 20163D-R2N2: A Unified Approach for Single and Multi-view 3D Object Reconstructioncited by 587
  10. 2016Weight Normalization: A Simple Reparameterization to Accelerate Training of Deep Neural Networkscited by 541
  11. 2020Implicit Functions in Feature Space for 3D Shape Reconstruction and Completioncited by 343
  12. 20163D Menagerie: Modeling the 3D shape and pose of animalscited by 310
17 more
  1. 2019Multi-Garment Net: Learning to Dress 3D People from Imagescited by 244
  2. 2019Learning Shape Templates with Structured Implicit Functionscited by 242
  3. 2018Total Capture: A 3D Deformation Model for Tracking Faces, Hands, and Bodiescited by 239
  4. 2016Shape Completion using 3D-Encoder-Predictor CNNs and Shape Synthesiscited by 219
  5. 2019Learning to Reconstruct People in Clothing from a Single RGB Cameracited by 168
  6. 20183D-CODED : 3D Correspondences by Deep Deformationcited by 160
  7. 2020Combining Implicit Function Learning and Parametric Models for 3D Human Reconstructioncited by 133
  8. 2016BundleFusion: Real-time Globally Consistent 3D Reconstruction using On-the-fly Surface Re-integrationcited by 116
  9. 2020SIZER: A Dataset and Model for Parsing 3D Clothing and Learning Size Sensitive 3D Clothingcited by 87
  10. 2019DeepDeform: Learning Non-rigid RGB-D Reconstruction with Semi-supervised Datacited by 76
  11. 2019360-Degree Textures of People in Clothing from a Single Imagecited by 75
  12. 2020Neural Deformation Graphs for Globally-consistent Non-rigid Reconstructioncited by 66
  13. 2020Unsupervised Shape and Pose Disentanglement for 3D Meshescited by 61
  14. 2019Deep Level Sets: Implicit Surface Representations for 3D Shape Inferencecited by 52
  15. 2019Combining 3D Morphable Models: A Large scale Face-and-Head Modelcited by 49
  16. 2020Neural Non-Rigid Trackingcited by 49
  17. 2020Learning to Optimize Non-Rigid Trackingcited by 16

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 10; 2022: 29; 2023: 24; 2024: 18; 2025: 7; 2026: 1.

89 papers.

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  1. 2021Neural Fields in Visual Computing and Beyondcited by 539
  2. 2022InstantAvatar: Learning Avatars from Monocular Video in 60 Secondscited by 138
  3. 2022Semantic-Aware Implicit Neural Audio-Driven Video Portrait Generationcited by 119
  4. 2021A-SDF: Learning Disentangled Signed Distance Functions for Articulated Shape Representationcited by 113
  5. 2022EVA3D: Compositional 3D Human Generation from 2D Image Collectionscited by 111
  6. 2023TeCH: Text-guided Reconstruction of Lifelike Clothed Humanscited by 104
  7. 2021The Power of Points for Modeling Humans in Clothingcited by 90
  8. 2021MetaAvatar: Learning Animatable Clothed Human Models from Few Depth Imagescited by 78
  9. 2022Learning Neural Parametric Head Modelscited by 73
  10. 2022gDNA: Towards Generative Detailed Neural Avatarscited by 72
  11. 2023HiFi4G: High-Fidelity Human Performance Rendering via Compact Gaussian Splattingcited by 68
  12. 2022LISA: Learning Implicit Shape and Appearance of Handscited by 63
38 more
  1. 2022Drivable Volumetric Avatars using Texel-Aligned Featurescited by 62
  2. 2023Neural Parametric Gaussians for Monocular Non-Rigid Object Reconstructioncited by 60
  3. 2022COAP: Compositional Articulated Occupancy of Peoplecited by 59
  4. 2022CaDeX: Learning Canonical Deformation Coordinate Space for Dynamic Surface Representation via Neural Homeomorphismcited by 56
  5. 2022Fast-SNARF: A Fast Deformer for Articulated Neural Fieldscited by 55
  6. 2023AG3D: Learning to Generate 3D Avatars from 2D Image Collectionscited by 55
  7. 2023Learning Locally Editable Virtual Humanscited by 54
  8. 2022Self-supervised Neural Articulated Shape and Appearance Modelscited by 51
  9. 2021Dynamic Surface Function Networks for Clothed Human Bodiescited by 44
  10. 2022CLIP-Actor: Text-Driven Recommendation and Stylization for Animating Human Meshescited by 41
  11. 2022Topology-Preserving Shape Reconstruction and Registration via Neural Diffeomorphic Flowcited by 38
  12. 2023Dynamic Point Fieldscited by 37
  13. 2022CASA: Category-agnostic Skeletal Animal Reconstructioncited by 35
  14. 2023MonoNPHM: Dynamic Head Reconstruction from Monocular Videoscited by 35
  15. 2023Learning Clothing and Pose Invariant 3D Shape Representation for Long-Term Person Re-Identificationcited by 34
  16. 2021HVTR: Hybrid Volumetric-Textural Rendering for Human Avatarscited by 33
  17. 2022SPAMs: Structured Implicit Parametric Modelscited by 29
  18. 2022Neural Point-based Shape Modeling of Humans in Challenging Clothingcited by 29
  19. 2024Recent Trends in 3D Reconstruction of General Non-Rigid Scenescited by 28
  20. 2024Motion2VecSets: 4D Latent Vector Set Diffusion for Non-rigid Shape Reconstruction and Trackingcited by 27
  21. 2022Neural Shape Deformation Priorscited by 26
  22. 2024Uni3D-LLM: Unifying Point Cloud Perception, Generation and Editing with Large Language Modelscited by 24
  23. 2022PERGAMO: Personalized 3D Garments from Monocular Videocited by 22
  24. 2024LayGA: Layered Gaussian Avatars for Animatable Clothing Transfercited by 22
  25. 2022Neural Correspondence Field for Object Pose Estimationcited by 21
  26. 2023CloSET: Modeling Clothed Humans on Continuous Surface with Explicit Template Decompositioncited by 21
  27. 2023NSF: Neural Surface Fields for Human Modeling from Monocular Depthcited by 21
  28. 2022Intrinsic Neural Fields: Learning Functions on Manifoldscited by 20
  29. 2023CaPhy: Capturing Physical Properties for Animatable Human Avatarscited by 20
  30. 2024MagicPose4D: Crafting Articulated Models with Appearance and Motion Controlcited by 18
  31. 2023NCHO: Unsupervised Learning for Neural 3D Composition of Humans and Objectscited by 17
  32. 2022H4D: Human 4D Modeling by Learning Neural Compositional Representationcited by 15
  33. 2023GarmentTracking: Category-Level Garment Pose Trackingcited by 15
  34. 20234D Myocardium Reconstruction with Decoupled Motion and Shape Modelcited by 15
  35. 2024En3D: An Enhanced Generative Model for Sculpting 3D Humans from 2D Synthetic Datacited by 14
  36. 2022Dual-Space NeRF: Learning Animatable Avatars and Scene Lighting in Separate Spacescited by 13
  37. 2022An Implicit Parametric Morphable Dental Modelcited by 12
  38. 2023Zero-shot Pose Transfer for Unrigged Stylized 3D Characterscited by 12

50 most cited of 89 All 89 (JSON)