NSF: Neural Surface Fields for Human Modeling from Monocular Depth
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Obtaining personalized 3D animatable avatars from a monocular camera has several real world applications in gaming, virtual try-on, animation, and VR/XR, etc. However, it is very challenging to model dynamic and fine-grained clothing deformations from such sparse data. Existing methods for modeling 3D humans from depth data have limitations in terms of computational efficiency, mesh coherency, and flexibility in resolution and topology. For instance, reconstructing shapes using implicit functions and extracting explicit meshes per frame is computationally expensive and cannot ensure coherent meshes across frames. Moreover, predicting per-vertex deformations on a pre-designed human template with a discrete surface lacks flexibility in resolution and topology. To overcome these limitations, we propose a novel method Neural Surface Fields for modeling 3D clothed humans from monocular depth. NSF defines a neural field solely on the base surface which models a continuous and flexible displacement field. NSF can be adapted to the base surface with different resolution and topology without retraining at inference time. Compared to existing approaches, our method eliminates the expensive per-frame surface extraction while maintaining mesh coherency, and is capable of reconstructing meshes with arbitrary resolution without retraining. To foster research in this direction, we release our code in project page at: https://yuxuan-xue.com/nsf.
Key facts. Cited by 21 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 61 of its 91 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 28 Aug 2023.
Builds on
61 of 91 references.
References · 61
- 2019DeepSDF: Learning Continuous Signed Distance Functions for Shape Representationcited by 2,682
- 2018Occupancy Networks: Learning 3D Reconstruction in Function Spacecited by 2,037
- 2019Expressive Body Capture: 3D Hands, Face, and Body from a Single Imagecited by 1,600
- 2019PIFu: Pixel-Aligned Implicit Function for High-Resolution Clothed Human Digitizationcited by 818
- 2020Implicit Geometric Regularization for Learning Shapescited by 707
- 2021Neural Fields in Visual Computing and Beyondcited by 539
- 2020PIFuHD: Multi-Level Pixel-Aligned Implicit Function for High-Resolution 3D Human Digitizationcited by 521
- 2022HumanNeRF: Free-viewpoint Rendering of Moving People from Monocular Videocited by 483
- 2020Dynamic Neural Radiance Fields for Monocular 4D Facial Avatar Reconstructioncited by 465
- 2021Animatable Neural Radiance Fields for Modeling Dynamic Human Bodiescited by 361
- 2020Implicit Functions in Feature Space for 3D Shape Reconstruction and Completioncited by 343
- 2021ICON: Implicit Clothed humans Obtained from Normalscited by 283
38 more
- 20223D Neural Field Generation using Triplane Diffusioncited by 274
- 2020Neural Unsigned Distance Fields for Implicit Function Learningcited by 265
- 2020ARCH: Animatable Reconstruction of Clothed Humanscited by 257
- 2022BEHAVE: Dataset and Method for Tracking Human Object Interactionscited by 246
- 2019Multi-Garment Net: Learning to Dress 3D People from Imagescited by 244
- 2022NeuMan: Neural Human Radiance Field from a Single Videocited by 244
- 2020PaMIR: Parametric Model-Conditioned Implicit Representation for Image-based Human Reconstructioncited by 231
- 2021SNARF: Differentiable Forward Skinning for Animating Non-Rigid Neural Implicit Shapescited by 221
- 2023Controlling Text-to-Image Diffusion by Orthogonal Finetuningcited by 207
- 2023MeshDiffusion: Score-based Generative 3D Mesh Modelingcited by 198
- 2021SCANimate: Weakly Supervised Learning of Skinned Clothed Avatar Networkscited by 181
- 2020Grasping Field: Learning Implicit Representations for Human Graspscited by 178
- 2021ARCH++: Animation-Ready Clothed Human Reconstruction Revisitedcited by 174
- 2022TAVA: Template-free Animatable Volumetric Actorscited by 172
- 2019Learning to Reconstruct People in Clothing from a Single RGB Cameracited by 168
- 2020TailorNet: Predicting Clothing in 3D as a Function of Human Pose, Shape and Garment Stylecited by 148
- 2021Human POSEitioning System (HPS): 3D Human Pose Estimation and Self-localization in Large Scenes from Body-Mounted Sensorscited by 137
- 2020Combining Implicit Function Learning and Parametric Models for 3D Human Reconstructioncited by 133
- 2021HumanNeRF: Efficiently Generated Human Radiance Field from Sparse Inputscited by 112
- 2023TADA! Text to Animatable Digital Avatarscited by 109
- 2020LoopReg: Self-supervised Learning of Implicit Surface Correspondences, Pose and Shape for 3D Human Mesh Registrationcited by 108
- 2021LEAP: Learning Articulated Occupancy of Peoplecited by 107
- 2023TeCH: Text-guided Reconstruction of Lifelike Clothed Humanscited by 104
- 2021Neural-GIF: Neural Generalized Implicit Functions for Animating People in Clothingcited by 102
- 2018DoubleFusion: Real-time Capture of Human Performances with Inner Body Shapes from a Single Depth Sensorcited by 95
- 2022CHORE: Contact, Human and Object REconstruction from a single RGB imagecited by 95
- 2021The Power of Points for Modeling Humans in Clothingcited by 90
- 2022InterCap: Joint Markerless 3D Tracking of Humans and Objects in Interactioncited by 90
- 2017Detailed, accurate, human shape estimation from clothed 3D scan sequencescited by 89
- 2021NPMs: Neural Parametric Models for 3D Deformable Shapescited by 89
- 2020SIZER: A Dataset and Model for Parsing 3D Clothing and Learning Size Sensitive 3D Clothingcited by 87
- 2022Pose-NDF: Modeling Human Pose Manifolds with Neural Distance Fieldscited by 85
- 2022Capturing and Animation of Body and Clothing from Monocular Videocited by 83
- 2021MetaAvatar: Learning Animatable Clothed Human Models from Few Depth Imagescited by 78
- 2021SCALE: Modeling Clothed Humans with a Surface Codec of Articulated Local Elementscited by 72
- 2022gDNA: Towards Generative Detailed Neural Avatarscited by 72
- 2023Visibility Aware Human-Object Interaction Tracking from Single RGB Cameracited by 58
- 2021DoubleField: Bridging the Neural Surface and Radiance Fields for High-fidelity Human Reconstruction and Renderingcited by 52
50 most cited of 61 All 61 (JSON)
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2023: 6; 2024: 8; 2025: 2; 2026: 5.
21 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2023Paint-it: Text-to-Texture Synthesis via Deep Convolutional Texture Map Optimization and Physically-Based Renderingcited by 84
- 2024Human-3Diffusion: Realistic Avatar Creation via Explicit 3D Consistent Diffusion Modelscited by 44
- 2023DiffAvatar: Simulation-Ready Garment Optimization with Differentiable Simulationcited by 40
- 2023Text-Guided Generation and Editing of Compositional 3D Avatarscited by 39
- 2023Ghost on the Shell: An Expressive Representation of General 3D Shapescited by 24
- 2024Dynamic Gaussians Mesh: Consistent Mesh Reconstruction from Dynamic Scenescited by 22
- 2024InterTrack: Tracking Human Object Interaction without Object Templatescited by 22
- 2024Gen-3Diffusion: Realistic Image-to-3D Generation via 2D & 3D Diffusion Synergycited by 16
- 2023GAN-Avatar: Controllable Personalized GAN-based Human Head Avatarcited by 14
- 2024MetaCap: Meta-learning Priors from Multi-View Imagery for Sparse-view Human Performance Capture and Renderingcited by 11
- 2024ClotheDreamer: Text-Guided Garment Generation with 3D Gaussianscited by 9
- 2025FRESA: Feedforward Reconstruction of Personalized Skinned Avatars from Few Imagescited by 4
9 more
- 2026GeoRelight: Learning Joint Geometrical Relighting and Reconstruction with Flexible Multi-Modal Diffusion Transformerscited by 3
- 2023Weakly-Supervised 3D Reconstruction of Clothed Humans via Normal Mapscited by 1
- 2025TagSplat: Topology-Aware Gaussian Splatting for Dynamic Mesh Modeling and Trackingcited by 1
- 2026textit4DSurf: High-Fidelity Dynamic Scene Surface Reconstructioncited by 1
- 2026GRAFT: Geometric Refinement and Fitting Transformer for Human Scene Reconstructioncited by 1
- 2024MDNF: Multi-Diffusion-Nets for Neural Fields on Meshescited by 0
- 2024NF3DM: Combining Neural Fields and Deformation Models for 3D Non-Rigid Motion Reconstructioncited by 0
- 2026D-Prism: Differentiable Primitives for Structured Dynamic Modelingcited by 0
- 2026Revisiting Avatar-As-Image: High-Fidelity Registration is All You Needcited by 0
- 2026Revisiting Avatar-As-Image: High-Fidelity Registration is All You Need10 Sep 2026
- 2026GeoRelight: Learning Joint Geometrical Relighting and Reconstruction with Flexible Multi-Modal Diffusion Transformers22 Apr 2026
- 2026GRAFT: Geometric Refinement and Fitting Transformer for Human Scene Reconstruction21 Apr 2026
- 2026D-Prism: Differentiable Primitives for Structured Dynamic Modeling18 Apr 2026
- 2026textit4DSurf: High-Fidelity Dynamic Scene Surface Reconstruction30 Mar 2026
- 2025TagSplat: Topology-Aware Gaussian Splatting for Dynamic Mesh Modeling and Tracking1 Dec 2025
- 2025FRESA: Feedforward Reconstruction of Personalized Skinned Avatars from Few Images24 Mar 2025
- 2024NF3DM: Combining Neural Fields and Deformation Models for 3D Non-Rigid Motion Reconstruction11 Dec 2024
- 2024Gen-3Diffusion: Realistic Image-to-3D Generation via 2D & 3D Diffusion Synergy9 Dec 2024
- 2024MDNF: Multi-Diffusion-Nets for Neural Fields on Meshes4 Sep 2024
- 2024InterTrack: Tracking Human Object Interaction without Object Templates25 Aug 2024
- 2024ClotheDreamer: Text-Guided Garment Generation with 3D Gaussians24 Jun 2024
9 more
- 2024Human-3Diffusion: Realistic Avatar Creation via Explicit 3D Consistent Diffusion Models12 Jun 2024
- 2024Dynamic Gaussians Mesh: Consistent Mesh Reconstruction from Dynamic Scenes18 Apr 2024
- 2024MetaCap: Meta-learning Priors from Multi-View Imagery for Sparse-view Human Performance Capture and Rendering27 Mar 2024
- 2023Paint-it: Text-to-Texture Synthesis via Deep Convolutional Texture Map Optimization and Physically-Based Rendering18 Dec 2023
- 2023Weakly-Supervised 3D Reconstruction of Clothed Humans via Normal Maps27 Nov 2023
- 2023GAN-Avatar: Controllable Personalized GAN-based Human Head Avatar22 Nov 2023
- 2023DiffAvatar: Simulation-Ready Garment Optimization with Differentiable Simulation20 Nov 2023
- 2023Ghost on the Shell: An Expressive Representation of General 3D Shapes23 Oct 2023
- 2023Text-Guided Generation and Editing of Compositional 3D Avatars13 Sep 2023
- 2024Human-3Diffusion: Realistic Avatar Creation via Explicit 3D Consistent Diffusion Modelscited by 44
- 2024Gen-3Diffusion: Realistic Image-to-3D Generation via 2D & 3D Diffusion Synergycited by 16
- 2026GeoRelight: Learning Joint Geometrical Relighting and Reconstruction with Flexible Multi-Modal Diffusion Transformerscited by 3
- 2026GeoRelight: Learning Joint Geometrical Relighting and Reconstruction with Flexible Multi-Modal Diffusion Transformers22 Apr 2026
- 2024Gen-3Diffusion: Realistic Image-to-3D Generation via 2D & 3D Diffusion Synergy9 Dec 2024
- 2024Human-3Diffusion: Realistic Avatar Creation via Explicit 3D Consistent Diffusion Models12 Jun 2024
- 2023Paint-it: Text-to-Texture Synthesis via Deep Convolutional Texture Map Optimization and Physically-Based Renderingcited by 84
- 2023DiffAvatar: Simulation-Ready Garment Optimization with Differentiable Simulationcited by 40
- 2023Text-Guided Generation and Editing of Compositional 3D Avatarscited by 39
- 2023Ghost on the Shell: An Expressive Representation of General 3D Shapescited by 24
- 2024Dynamic Gaussians Mesh: Consistent Mesh Reconstruction from Dynamic Scenescited by 22
- 2024InterTrack: Tracking Human Object Interaction without Object Templatescited by 22
- 2023GAN-Avatar: Controllable Personalized GAN-based Human Head Avatarcited by 14
- 2024MetaCap: Meta-learning Priors from Multi-View Imagery for Sparse-view Human Performance Capture and Renderingcited by 11
- 2024ClotheDreamer: Text-Guided Garment Generation with 3D Gaussianscited by 9
- 2025FRESA: Feedforward Reconstruction of Personalized Skinned Avatars from Few Imagescited by 4
- 2023Weakly-Supervised 3D Reconstruction of Clothed Humans via Normal Mapscited by 1
- 2025TagSplat: Topology-Aware Gaussian Splatting for Dynamic Mesh Modeling and Trackingcited by 1
12 most cited of 18 All 18 (JSON)
- 2026Revisiting Avatar-As-Image: High-Fidelity Registration is All You Need10 Sep 2026
- 2026GRAFT: Geometric Refinement and Fitting Transformer for Human Scene Reconstruction21 Apr 2026
- 2026D-Prism: Differentiable Primitives for Structured Dynamic Modeling18 Apr 2026
- 2026textit4DSurf: High-Fidelity Dynamic Scene Surface Reconstruction30 Mar 2026
- 2025TagSplat: Topology-Aware Gaussian Splatting for Dynamic Mesh Modeling and Tracking1 Dec 2025
- 2025FRESA: Feedforward Reconstruction of Personalized Skinned Avatars from Few Images24 Mar 2025
- 2024NF3DM: Combining Neural Fields and Deformation Models for 3D Non-Rigid Motion Reconstruction11 Dec 2024
- 2024MDNF: Multi-Diffusion-Nets for Neural Fields on Meshes4 Sep 2024
- 2024InterTrack: Tracking Human Object Interaction without Object Templates25 Aug 2024
- 2024ClotheDreamer: Text-Guided Garment Generation with 3D Gaussians24 Jun 2024
- 2024Dynamic Gaussians Mesh: Consistent Mesh Reconstruction from Dynamic Scenes18 Apr 2024
- 2024MetaCap: Meta-learning Priors from Multi-View Imagery for Sparse-view Human Performance Capture and Rendering27 Mar 2024
12 newest of 18 All 18 (JSON)