En3D: An Enhanced Generative Model for Sculpting 3D Humans from 2D Synthetic Data
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Abstract (arXiv)
We present En3D, an enhanced generative scheme for sculpting high-quality 3D human avatars. Unlike previous works that rely on scarce 3D datasets or limited 2D collections with imbalanced viewing angles and imprecise pose priors, our approach aims to develop a zero-shot 3D generative scheme capable of producing visually realistic, geometrically accurate and content-wise diverse 3D humans without relying on pre-existing 3D or 2D assets. To address this challenge, we introduce a meticulously crafted workflow that implements accurate physical modeling to learn the enhanced 3D generative model from synthetic 2D data. During inference, we integrate optimization modules to bridge the gap between realistic appearances and coarse 3D shapes. Specifically, En3D comprises three modules: a 3D generator that accurately models generalizable 3D humans with realistic appearance from synthesized balanced, diverse, and structured human images; a geometry sculptor that enhances shape quality using multi-view normal constraints for intricate human anatomy; and a texturing module that disentangles explicit texture maps with fidelity and editability, leveraging semantical UV partitioning and a differentiable rasterizer. Experimental results show that our approach significantly outperforms prior works in terms of image quality, geometry accuracy and content diversity. We also showcase the applicability of our generated avatars for animation and editing, as well as the scalability of our approach for content-style free adaptation.
Key facts. Cited by 14 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 54 of its 65 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 2 Jan 2024.
Builds on
54 of 65 references.
References · 54
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38 more
- 2021Volume Rendering of Neural Implicit Surfacescited by 996
- 2017End-to-end Recovery of Human Shape and Posecited by 885
- 2020GIRAFFE: Representing Scenes as Compositional Generative Neural Feature Fieldscited by 785
- 2020pi-GAN: Periodic Implicit Generative Adversarial Networks for 3D-Aware Image Synthesiscited by 708
- 2019Differentiable Volumetric Rendering: Learning Implicit 3D Representations without 3D Supervisioncited by 700
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- 2021StyleNeRF: A Style-based 3D-Aware Generator for High-resolution Image Synthesiscited by 477
- 2020Modular Primitives for High-Performance Differentiable Renderingcited by 441
- 2021Pivotal Tuning for Latent-based Editing of Real Imagescited by 427
- 2021StyleSDF: High-Resolution 3D-Consistent Image and Geometry Generationcited by 289
- 2021ICON: Implicit Clothed humans Obtained from Normalscited by 283
- 2019SEAN: Image Synthesis with Semantic Region-Adaptive Normalizationcited by 253
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- 2022PINA: Learning a Personalized Implicit Neural Avatar from a Single RGB-D Video Sequencecited by 46
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 4; 2025: 7; 2026: 3.
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- 2024MIMO: Controllable Character Video Synthesis with Spatial Decomposed Modelingcited by 64
- 2025LHM: Large Animatable Human Reconstruction Model from a Single Image in Secondscited by 61
- 2024AniGS: Animatable Gaussian Avatar from a Single Image with Inconsistent Gaussian Reconstructioncited by 36
- 2025HumanDreamer-X: Photorealistic Single-image Human Avatars Reconstruction via Gaussian Restorationcited by 13
- 2024GeneMAN: Generalizable Single-Image 3D Human Reconstruction from Multi-Source Human Datacited by 6
- 2024X-Oscar: A Progressive Framework for High-quality Text-guided 3D Animatable Avatar Generationcited by 5
- 2025Generative Human Geometry Distributioncited by 5
- 2025Dream, Lift, Animate: From Single Images to Animatable Gaussian Avatarscited by 4
- 2025Creating Your Editable 3D Photorealistic Avatar with Tetrahedron-constrained Gaussian Splattingcited by 3
- 2025PARTE: Part-Guided Texturing for 3D Human Reconstruction from a Single Imagecited by 2
- 2025Human Geometry Distribution for 3D Animation Generationcited by 2
- 2026VRGaussianAvatar: Integrating 3D Gaussian Avatars into VRcited by 1
- 2026TGRHuman: Text-Guided Realistic 3D Human Generation via Diffusion Renderer12 Aug 2026
- 2026GenLCA: 3D Diffusion for Full-Body Avatars from In-the-Wild Videos8 Apr 2026
- 2026VRGaussianAvatar: Integrating 3D Gaussian Avatars into VR2 Feb 2026
- 2025Human Geometry Distribution for 3D Animation Generation8 Dec 2025
- 2025PARTE: Part-Guided Texturing for 3D Human Reconstruction from a Single Image23 Jul 2025
- 2025Dream, Lift, Animate: From Single Images to Animatable Gaussian Avatars21 Jul 2025
- 2025Creating Your Editable 3D Photorealistic Avatar with Tetrahedron-constrained Gaussian Splatting29 Apr 2025
- 2025HumanDreamer-X: Photorealistic Single-image Human Avatars Reconstruction via Gaussian Restoration4 Apr 2025
- 2025LHM: Large Animatable Human Reconstruction Model from a Single Image in Seconds13 Mar 2025
- 2025Generative Human Geometry Distribution3 Mar 2025
- 2024AniGS: Animatable Gaussian Avatar from a Single Image with Inconsistent Gaussian Reconstruction3 Dec 2024
- 2024GeneMAN: Generalizable Single-Image 3D Human Reconstruction from Multi-Source Human Data27 Nov 2024
- 2024MIMO: Controllable Character Video Synthesis with Spatial Decomposed Modelingcited by 64
- 2025LHM: Large Animatable Human Reconstruction Model from a Single Image in Secondscited by 61
- 2024AniGS: Animatable Gaussian Avatar from a Single Image with Inconsistent Gaussian Reconstructioncited by 36
- 2025HumanDreamer-X: Photorealistic Single-image Human Avatars Reconstruction via Gaussian Restorationcited by 13
- 2024X-Oscar: A Progressive Framework for High-quality Text-guided 3D Animatable Avatar Generationcited by 5
- 2025Generative Human Geometry Distributioncited by 5
- 2025Creating Your Editable 3D Photorealistic Avatar with Tetrahedron-constrained Gaussian Splattingcited by 3
- 2025PARTE: Part-Guided Texturing for 3D Human Reconstruction from a Single Imagecited by 2
- 2025Human Geometry Distribution for 3D Animation Generationcited by 2
- 2026VRGaussianAvatar: Integrating 3D Gaussian Avatars into VRcited by 1
- 2026TGRHuman: Text-Guided Realistic 3D Human Generation via Diffusion Renderercited by 0
- 2026TGRHuman: Text-Guided Realistic 3D Human Generation via Diffusion Renderer12 Aug 2026
- 2026VRGaussianAvatar: Integrating 3D Gaussian Avatars into VR2 Feb 2026
- 2025Human Geometry Distribution for 3D Animation Generation8 Dec 2025
- 2025PARTE: Part-Guided Texturing for 3D Human Reconstruction from a Single Image23 Jul 2025
- 2025Creating Your Editable 3D Photorealistic Avatar with Tetrahedron-constrained Gaussian Splatting29 Apr 2025
- 2025HumanDreamer-X: Photorealistic Single-image Human Avatars Reconstruction via Gaussian Restoration4 Apr 2025
- 2025LHM: Large Animatable Human Reconstruction Model from a Single Image in Seconds13 Mar 2025
- 2025Generative Human Geometry Distribution3 Mar 2025
- 2024AniGS: Animatable Gaussian Avatar from a Single Image with Inconsistent Gaussian Reconstruction3 Dec 2024
- 2024MIMO: Controllable Character Video Synthesis with Spatial Decomposed Modeling24 Sep 2024
- 2024X-Oscar: A Progressive Framework for High-quality Text-guided 3D Animatable Avatar Generation2 May 2024