mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

NPC: Neural Point Characters from Video

arXiv 2304.02013 ↗First posted 4 Apr 2023cs.CVcited by 26

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Abstract (arXiv)

High-fidelity human 3D models can now be learned directly from videos, typically by combining a template-based surface model with neural representations. However, obtaining a template surface requires expensive multi-view capture systems, laser scans, or strictly controlled conditions. Previous methods avoid using a template but rely on a costly or ill-posed mapping from observation to canonical space. We propose a hybrid point-based representation for reconstructing animatable characters that does not require an explicit surface model, while being generalizable to novel poses. For a given video, our method automatically produces an explicit set of 3D points representing approximate canonical geometry, and learns an articulated deformation model that produces pose-dependent point transformations. The points serve both as a scaffold for high-frequency neural features and an anchor for efficiently mapping between observation and canonical space. We demonstrate on established benchmarks that our representation overcomes limitations of prior work operating in either canonical or in observation space. Moreover, our automatic point extraction approach enables learning models of human and animal characters alike, matching the performance of the methods using rigged surface templates despite being more general. Project website: https://lemonatsu.github.io/npc/

Key facts. Cited by 26 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 50 of its 65 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 4 Apr 2023.

Builds on

50 of 65 references.

References · 50

  1. 2018The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metriccited by 11,029
  2. 2017FiLM: Visual Reasoning with a General Conditioning Layercited by 2,286
  3. 2020Implicit Neural Representations with Periodic Activation Functionscited by 2,214
  4. 2020D-NeRF: Neural Radiance Fields for Dynamic Scenescited by 1,459
  5. 2018Demystifying MMD GANscited by 1,268
  6. 2020NeRF in the Wild: Neural Radiance Fields for Unconstrained Photo Collectionscited by 1,230
  7. 2016HyperNetworkscited by 1,003
  8. 2021Volume Rendering of Neural Implicit Surfacescited by 990
  9. 2020Neural Scene Flow Fields for Space-Time View Synthesis of Dynamic Scenescited by 750
  10. 2020Implicit Geometric Regularization for Learning Shapescited by 707
  11. 2020Neural Body: Implicit Neural Representations with Structured Latent Codes for Novel View Synthesis of Dynamic Humanscited by 634
  12. 2019Learning to Reconstruct 3D Human Pose and Shape via Model-fitting in the Loopcited by 625
38 more
  1. 2022Point-NeRF: Point-based Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 503
  2. 2022HumanNeRF: Free-viewpoint Rendering of Moving People from Monocular Videocited by 483
  3. 2021AI Choreographer: Music Conditioned 3D Dance Generation with AIST++cited by 479
  4. 2021Dynamic View Synthesis from Dynamic Monocular Videocited by 420
  5. 2020Space-time Neural Irradiance Fields for Free-Viewpoint Videocited by 414
  6. 2019SynSin: End-to-end View Synthesis from a Single Imagecited by 364
  7. 2021Animatable Neural Radiance Fields for Modeling Dynamic Human Bodiescited by 361
  8. 2017Learning from Synthetic Humanscited by 358
  9. 2019Neural Point-Based Graphicscited by 326
  10. 2021Mixture of Volumetric Primitives for Efficient Neural Renderingcited by 277
  11. 2020State of the Art on Neural Renderingcited by 276
  12. 2022NeuMan: Neural Human Radiance Field from a Single Videocited by 244
  13. 2021A-NeRF: Articulated Neural Radiance Fields for Learning Human Shape, Appearance, and Posecited by 233
  14. 2021SNARF: Differentiable Forward Skinning for Animating Non-Rigid Neural Implicit Shapescited by 221
  15. 2021Neural Articulated Radiance Fieldcited by 196
  16. 2022PointAvatar: Deformable Point-based Head Avatars from Videoscited by 183
  17. 2021SCANimate: Weakly Supervised Learning of Skinned Clothed Avatar Networkscited by 181
  18. 2022TAVA: Template-free Animatable Volumetric Actorscited by 172
  19. 2021Neural Human Performer: Learning Generalizable Radiance Fields for Human Performance Renderingcited by 158
  20. 2021H-NeRF: Neural Radiance Fields for Rendering and Temporal Reconstruction of Humans in Motioncited by 157
  21. 2019NASA: Neural Articulated Shape Approximationcited by 149
  22. 2022ARAH: Animatable Volume Rendering of Articulated Human SDFscited by 139
  23. 2019Neural Rerendering in the Wildcited by 121
  24. 2022Structured Local Radiance Fields for Human Avatar Modelingcited by 116
  25. 2021Neural-GIF: Neural Generalized Implicit Functions for Animating People in Clothingcited by 102
  26. 2021The Power of Points for Modeling Humans in Clothingcited by 90
  27. 2021Driving-Signal Aware Full-Body Avatarscited by 81
  28. 2021MetaAvatar: Learning Animatable Clothed Human Models from Few Depth Imagescited by 78
  29. 2022KeypointNeRF: Generalizing Image-based Volumetric Avatars using Relative Spatial Encoding of Keypointscited by 77
  30. 2020SMPLpix: Neural Avatars from 3D Human Modelscited by 69
  31. 2022Unsupervised Learning of Efficient Geometry-Aware Neural Articulated Representationscited by 65
  32. 2017MonoPerfCap: Human Performance Capture from Monocular Videocited by 63
  33. 2022Drivable Volumetric Avatars using Texel-Aligned Featurescited by 62
  34. 2022COAP: Compositional Articulated Occupancy of Peoplecited by 59
  35. 2021Reconstructing 3D Human Pose by Watching Humans in the Mirrorcited by 47
  36. 2022DANBO: Disentangled Articulated Neural Body Representations via Graph Neural Networkscited by 38
  37. 2021Point-Based Modeling of Human Clothingcited by 37
  38. 2022AutoAvatar: Autoregressive Neural Fields for Dynamic Avatar Modelingcited by 3

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2023: 12; 2024: 6; 2025: 7; 2026: 1.

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  1. 20233DGS-Avatar: Animatable Avatars via Deformable 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 195
  2. 2023GaussianAvatar: Towards Realistic Human Avatar Modeling from a Single Video via Animatable 3D Gaussianscited by 190
  3. 2023GPS-Gaussian: Generalizable Pixel-wise 3D Gaussian Splatting for Real-time Human Novel View Synthesiscited by 170
  4. 2023Drivable 3D Gaussian Avatarscited by 120
  5. 2023Human Gaussian Splatting: Real-time Rendering of Animatable Avatarscited by 105
  6. 2023Neural Parametric Gaussians for Monocular Non-Rigid Object Reconstructioncited by 60
  7. 2023Pyramid Diffusion for Fine 3D Large Scene Generationcited by 44
  8. 2024MeshAvatar: Learning High-quality Triangular Human Avatars from Multi-view Videoscited by 34
  9. 2024Recent Trends in 3D Reconstruction of General Non-Rigid Scenescited by 28
  10. 2023Animatable and Relightable Gaussians for High-fidelity Human Avatar Modelingcited by 27
  11. 2024GPS-Gaussian+: Generalizable Pixel-wise 3D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Human-Scene Rendering from Sparse Viewscited by 22
  12. 2025Relightable Full-Body Gaussian Codec Avatarscited by 22
14 more
  1. 2025Pippo: High-Resolution Multi-View Humans from a Single Imagecited by 20
  2. 2024Gaussian Shadow Casting for Neural Characterscited by 14
  3. 2023Relightable and Animatable Neural Avatars from Videoscited by 13
  4. 2023HumanNeRF-SE: A Simple yet Effective Approach to Animate HumanNeRF with Diverse Posescited by 12
  5. 2023DreaMo: Articulated 3D Reconstruction From A Single Casual Videocited by 12
  6. 2024SqueezeMe: Mobile-Ready Distillation of Gaussian Full-Body Avatarscited by 10
  7. 2023Point-Based Radiance Fields for Controllable Human Motion Synthesiscited by 7
  8. 2025RMAvatar: Photorealistic Human Avatar Reconstruction from Monocular Video Based on Rectified Mesh-embedded Gaussianscited by 7
  9. 2025WonderHuman: Hallucinating Unseen Parts in Dynamic 3D Human Reconstructioncited by 6
  10. 2025Advances in Radiance Field for Dynamic Scene: From Neural Field to Gaussian Fieldcited by 4
  11. 2025R3-Avatar: Record and Retrieve Temporal Codebook for Reconstructing Photorealistic Human Avatarscited by 3
  12. 2025Parametric Gaussian Human Model: Generalizable Prior for Efficient and Realistic Human Avatar Modelingcited by 3
  13. 2024Representing Animatable Avatar via Factorized Neural Fieldscited by 1
  14. 2026Generator-Refiner-Examiner: A Tri-Module Data Augmentation Framework for 3D Human Avatar Learning from Monocular Videoscited by 0