Fast Feedforward 3D Gaussian Splatting Compression
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Abstract (arXiv)
With 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) advancing real-time and high-fidelity rendering for novel view synthesis, storage requirements pose challenges for their widespread adoption. Although various compression techniques have been proposed, previous art suffers from a common limitation: for any existing 3DGS, per-scene optimization is needed to achieve compression, making the compression sluggish and slow. To address this issue, we introduce Fast Compression of 3D Gaussian Splatting (FCGS), an optimization-free model that can compress 3DGS representations rapidly in a single feed-forward pass, which significantly reduces compression time from minutes to seconds. To enhance compression efficiency, we propose a multi-path entropy module that assigns Gaussian attributes to different entropy constraint paths for balance between size and fidelity. We also carefully design both inter- and intra-Gaussian context models to remove redundancies among the unstructured Gaussian blobs. Overall, FCGS achieves a compression ratio of over 20X while maintaining fidelity, surpassing most per-scene SOTA optimization-based methods. Our code is available at: https://github.com/YihangChen-ee/FCGS.
Key facts. Cited by 49 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 43 of its 53 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 10 Oct 2024.
Builds on
43 of 53 references.
References · 43
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- 20233D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Radiance Field Renderingcited by 6,141
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- 2018Variational image compression with a scale hyperpriorcited by 910
31 more
- 2024LGM: Large Multi-View Gaussian Model for High-Resolution 3D Content Creationcited by 730
- 2023Scaffold-GS: Structured 3D Gaussians for View-Adaptive Renderingcited by 684
- 2023pixelSplat: 3D Gaussian Splats from Image Pairs for Scalable Generalizable 3D Reconstructioncited by 668
- 2024MVSplat: Efficient 3D Gaussian Splatting from Sparse Multi-View Imagescited by 553
- 2023DL3DV-10K: A Large-Scale Scene Dataset for Deep Learning-based 3D Visioncited by 514
- 2023LightGaussian: Unbounded 3D Gaussian Compression with 15x Reduction and 200+ FPScited by 420
- 2023Compact 3D Gaussian Representation for Radiance Fieldcited by 365
- 2023Splatter Image: Ultra-Fast Single-View 3D Reconstructioncited by 359
- 2023ImageDream: Image-Prompt Multi-view Diffusion for 3D Generationcited by 256
- 2020Infinite Nature: Perpetual View Generation of Natural Scenes from a Single Imagecited by 239
- 2023Compressed 3D Gaussian Splatting for Accelerated Novel View Synthesiscited by 232
- 2024Mini-Splatting: Representing Scenes with a Constrained Number of Gaussianscited by 208
- 2024HAC: Hash-grid Assisted Context for 3D Gaussian Splatting Compressioncited by 202
- 2023EAGLES: Efficient Accelerated 3D Gaussians with Lightweight EncodingScited by 191
- 2023RichDreamer: A Generalizable Normal-Depth Diffusion Model for Detail Richness in Text-to-3Dcited by 168
- 2023Compact 3D Scene Representation via Self-Organizing Gaussian Gridscited by 147
- 2024ContextGS: Compact 3D Gaussian Splatting with Anchor Level Context Modelcited by 98
- 2022Compressible-composable NeRF via Rank-residual Decompositioncited by 92
- 2024CompGS: Efficient 3D Scene Representation via Compressed Gaussian Splattingcited by 80
- 2024End-to-End Rate-Distortion Optimized 3D Gaussian Representationcited by 71
- 2022Compressing Volumetric Radiance Fields to 1 MBcited by 66
- 2022Masked Wavelet Representation for Compact Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 57
- 2022Compressing Explicit Voxel Grid Representations: fast NeRFs become also smallcited by 48
- 2024Trimming the Fat: Efficient Compression of 3D Gaussian Splats through Pruningcited by 45
- 2023Binary Radiance Fieldscited by 39
- 2024Spectrally Pruned Gaussian Fields with Neural Compensationcited by 33
- 2023SHACIRA: Scalable HAsh-grid Compression for Implicit Neural Representationscited by 31
- 2024How Far Can We Compress Instant-NGP-Based NeRF?cited by 30
- 2024Implicit Gaussian Splatting with Efficient Multi-Level Tri-Plane Representationcited by 21
- 2024NeRFCodec: Neural Feature Compression Meets Neural Radiance Fields for Memory-Efficient Scene Representationcited by 16
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 2; 2025: 21; 2026: 26.
49 papers.
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- 2025HAC++: Towards 100X Compression of 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 52
- 2026SANA-WM: Efficient Minute-Scale World Modeling with Hybrid Linear Diffusion Transformercited by 50
- 2025SpaceVista: All-Scale Visual Spatial Reasoning from mm to kmcited by 18
- 2025PCGS: Progressive Compression of 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 17
- 2025Optimized Minimal 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 16
- 2024Temporally Compressed 3D Gaussian Splatting for Dynamic Scenescited by 11
- 2025HybridGS: High-Efficiency Gaussian Splatting Data Compression using Dual-Channel Sparse Representation and Point Cloud Encodercited by 10
- 2026Mobile-GS: Real-time Gaussian Splatting for Mobile Devicescited by 10
- 2025ADC-GS: Anchor-Driven Deformable and Compressed Gaussian Splatting for Dynamic Scene Reconstructioncited by 7
- 2025EcoSplat: Efficiency-controllable Feed-forward 3D Gaussian Splatting from Multi-view Imagescited by 7
- 2025D-FCGS: Feedforward Compression of Dynamic Gaussian Splatting for Free-Viewpoint Videoscited by 6
- 2025Improving 3D Gaussian Splatting Compression by Scene-Adaptive Lattice Vector Quantizationcited by 6
37 more
- 2025ARTDECO: Towards Efficient and High-Fidelity On-the-Fly 3D Reconstruction with Structured Scene Representationcited by 6
- 2025TinySplat: Feedforward Approach for Generating Compact 3D Scene Representationcited by 5
- 2025Feed-Forward 3D Gaussian Splatting Compression with Long-Context Modelingcited by 5
- 2025CAT-3DGS Pro: A New Benchmark for Efficient 3DGS Compressioncited by 4
- 2024Puzzle Similarity: A Perceptually-guided Cross-Reference Metric for Artifact Detection in 3D Scene Reconstructionscited by 3
- 2025TED-4DGS: Temporally Activated and Embedding-based Deformation for 4DGS Compressioncited by 3
- 2025SUCCESS-GS: Survey of Compactness and Compression for Efficient Static and Dynamic Gaussian Splattingcited by 2
- 2025Splatwizard: A Benchmark Toolkit for 3D Gaussian Splatting Compressioncited by 2
- 2026Benchmarking PhD-Level Coding in 3D Geometric Computer Visioncited by 2
- 2026CodecSplat: Ultra-Compact Latent Coding for Feed-Forward 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 2
- 2025Leveraging Learned Image Prior for 3D Gaussian Compressioncited by 1
- 2025Lightweight 3D Gaussian Splatting Compression via Video Codeccited by 1
- 2026REFINE: Super-efficient 3D Gaussian Splatting Pruning via Rendering-Free Primitive Importancecited by 1
- 2026SPARE-GS: Structural Parsimony and Resource Efficiency for 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 1
- 2026GenSplatCodec: Feed-Forward Gaussian Splatting Compression via One-Step Diffusioncited by 1
- 2026Transforming harmonic coefficients for 3D splat compressioncited by 1
- 2025Learning Hierarchical Sparse Transform Coding for 3DGS Compressioncited by 0
- 2025P-4DGS: Predictive 4D Gaussian Splatting with 90× Compressioncited by 0
- 2025SANR: Scene-Aware Neural Representation for Light Field Image Compression with Rate-Distortion Optimizationcited by 0
- 2026ProGS: Towards Progressive Coding for 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 0
- 2026S2D: Sparse to Dense Lifting for 3D Reconstruction with Minimal Inputscited by 0
- 2026Compact Keyframe-Optimized Multi-Agent Gaussian Splatting SLAMcited by 0
- 20263DTurboQuant: Training-Free Near-Optimal Quantization for 3D Reconstruction Modelscited by 0
- 2026MesonGS++: Post-training Compression of 3D Gaussian Splatting with Hyperparameter Searchingcited by 0
- 2026VEDAL: Variational Error-Driven Asynchronous Learning for 3D Gaussian Splatting Pruningcited by 0
- 2026TRON: Tracing Rays to Orchestrate a Neural Renderer for 3D Gaussian Reconstructionscited by 0
- 2026PointSplat: Compact Gaussian Splatting via Human-Centric Predictioncited by 0
- 2026SpatialQ: Understanding 3D Gaussian Splatting Scene Quality via Visual-based MLLMcited by 0
- 2026Compact Feed-Forward 3D Gaussians via Saliency-Guided Primitive Mergingcited by 0
- 2026NGS-Marker: Robust Native Watermarking for 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 0
- 2026M3ISR: A Multi-Modal Multi-View Benchmark for 3D/4D Gaussian Splatting and Feedforward Compressioncited by 0
- 2026KISS-GS: 3D Gaussian Splatting Compression Kept Simplecited by 0
- 2026CVT-GS: Learning to Simplify 3D Gaussian Splatting with Centroidal Voronoi Tessellationcited by 0
- 2026Robust, Estimator-Agnostic Dynamic 3DGS Compressioncited by 0
- 2026Only What Was Seen: Observation-Gram Compaction of View-Dependent Appearance in 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 0
- 2026FeCoSplat: Feedback-Guided Compression for Feed-Forward 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 0
- 2026Gaussian Splatting-based Volumetric Video Compression with Sparse 4D Anchorscited by 0
- 2026Gaussian Splatting-based Volumetric Video Compression with Sparse 4D Anchors27 Sep 2026
- 2026FeCoSplat: Feedback-Guided Compression for Feed-Forward 3D Gaussian Splatting27 Sep 2026
- 2026Only What Was Seen: Observation-Gram Compaction of View-Dependent Appearance in 3D Gaussian Splatting24 Sep 2026
- 2026Robust, Estimator-Agnostic Dynamic 3DGS Compression22 Sep 2026
- 2026Transforming harmonic coefficients for 3D splat compression14 Sep 2026
- 2026CVT-GS: Learning to Simplify 3D Gaussian Splatting with Centroidal Voronoi Tessellation8 Sep 2026
- 2026KISS-GS: 3D Gaussian Splatting Compression Kept Simple27 Aug 2026
- 2026M3ISR: A Multi-Modal Multi-View Benchmark for 3D/4D Gaussian Splatting and Feedforward Compression23 Aug 2026
- 2026NGS-Marker: Robust Native Watermarking for 3D Gaussian Splatting18 Aug 2026
- 2026Compact Feed-Forward 3D Gaussians via Saliency-Guided Primitive Merging11 Aug 2026
- 2026SpatialQ: Understanding 3D Gaussian Splatting Scene Quality via Visual-based MLLM29 Jul 2026
- 2026GenSplatCodec: Feed-Forward Gaussian Splatting Compression via One-Step Diffusion27 Jul 2026
37 more
- 2026SPARE-GS: Structural Parsimony and Resource Efficiency for 3D Gaussian Splatting18 Jul 2026
- 2026PointSplat: Compact Gaussian Splatting via Human-Centric Prediction30 Jun 2026
- 2026TRON: Tracing Rays to Orchestrate a Neural Renderer for 3D Gaussian Reconstructions9 Jun 2026
- 2026REFINE: Super-efficient 3D Gaussian Splatting Pruning via Rendering-Free Primitive Importance8 Jun 2026
- 2026VEDAL: Variational Error-Driven Asynchronous Learning for 3D Gaussian Splatting Pruning1 Jun 2026
- 2026CodecSplat: Ultra-Compact Latent Coding for Feed-Forward 3D Gaussian Splatting25 May 2026
- 2026SANA-WM: Efficient Minute-Scale World Modeling with Hybrid Linear Diffusion Transformer14 May 2026
- 2026MesonGS++: Post-training Compression of 3D Gaussian Splatting with Hyperparameter Searching29 Apr 2026
- 20263DTurboQuant: Training-Free Near-Optimal Quantization for 3D Reconstruction Models7 Apr 2026
- 2026Compact Keyframe-Optimized Multi-Agent Gaussian Splatting SLAM1 Apr 2026
- 2026Benchmarking PhD-Level Coding in 3D Geometric Computer Vision31 Mar 2026
- 2026Mobile-GS: Real-time Gaussian Splatting for Mobile Devices12 Mar 2026
- 2026S2D: Sparse to Dense Lifting for 3D Reconstruction with Minimal Inputs11 Mar 2026
- 2026ProGS: Towards Progressive Coding for 3D Gaussian Splatting10 Mar 2026
- 2025Splatwizard: A Benchmark Toolkit for 3D Gaussian Splatting Compression31 Dec 2025
- 2025EcoSplat: Efficiency-controllable Feed-forward 3D Gaussian Splatting from Multi-view Images21 Dec 2025
- 2025Lightweight 3D Gaussian Splatting Compression via Video Codec12 Dec 2025
- 2025SUCCESS-GS: Survey of Compactness and Compression for Efficient Static and Dynamic Gaussian Splatting8 Dec 2025
- 2025TED-4DGS: Temporally Activated and Embedding-based Deformation for 4DGS Compression5 Dec 2025
- 2025Feed-Forward 3D Gaussian Splatting Compression with Long-Context Modeling30 Nov 2025
- 2025SANR: Scene-Aware Neural Representation for Light Field Image Compression with Rate-Distortion Optimization17 Oct 2025
- 2025Leveraging Learned Image Prior for 3D Gaussian Compression16 Oct 2025
- 2025P-4DGS: Predictive 4D Gaussian Splatting with 90× Compression11 Oct 2025
- 2025SpaceVista: All-Scale Visual Spatial Reasoning from mm to km10 Oct 2025
- 2025ARTDECO: Towards Efficient and High-Fidelity On-the-Fly 3D Reconstruction with Structured Scene Representation9 Oct 2025
- 2025Improving 3D Gaussian Splatting Compression by Scene-Adaptive Lattice Vector Quantization16 Sep 2025
- 2025D-FCGS: Feedforward Compression of Dynamic Gaussian Splatting for Free-Viewpoint Videos8 Jul 2025
- 2025TinySplat: Feedforward Approach for Generating Compact 3D Scene Representation11 Jun 2025
- 2025Learning Hierarchical Sparse Transform Coding for 3DGS Compression28 May 2025
- 2025ADC-GS: Anchor-Driven Deformable and Compressed Gaussian Splatting for Dynamic Scene Reconstruction13 May 2025
- 2025HybridGS: High-Efficiency Gaussian Splatting Data Compression using Dual-Channel Sparse Representation and Point Cloud Encoder3 May 2025
- 2025Optimized Minimal 3D Gaussian Splatting21 Mar 2025
- 2025CAT-3DGS Pro: A New Benchmark for Efficient 3DGS Compression17 Mar 2025
- 2025PCGS: Progressive Compression of 3D Gaussian Splatting11 Mar 2025
- 2025HAC++: Towards 100X Compression of 3D Gaussian Splatting21 Jan 2025
- 2024Temporally Compressed 3D Gaussian Splatting for Dynamic Scenes7 Dec 2024
- 2024Puzzle Similarity: A Perceptually-guided Cross-Reference Metric for Artifact Detection in 3D Scene Reconstructions26 Nov 2024
- 2025SpaceVista: All-Scale Visual Spatial Reasoning from mm to kmcited by 18
- 2025SpaceVista: All-Scale Visual Spatial Reasoning from mm to km10 Oct 2025
- 2025HAC++: Towards 100X Compression of 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 52
- 2025PCGS: Progressive Compression of 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 17
- 2025Optimized Minimal 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 16
- 2024Temporally Compressed 3D Gaussian Splatting for Dynamic Scenescited by 11
- 2025HybridGS: High-Efficiency Gaussian Splatting Data Compression using Dual-Channel Sparse Representation and Point Cloud Encodercited by 10
- 2026Mobile-GS: Real-time Gaussian Splatting for Mobile Devicescited by 10
- 2025ADC-GS: Anchor-Driven Deformable and Compressed Gaussian Splatting for Dynamic Scene Reconstructioncited by 7
- 2025EcoSplat: Efficiency-controllable Feed-forward 3D Gaussian Splatting from Multi-view Imagescited by 7
- 2025D-FCGS: Feedforward Compression of Dynamic Gaussian Splatting for Free-Viewpoint Videoscited by 6
- 2025Improving 3D Gaussian Splatting Compression by Scene-Adaptive Lattice Vector Quantizationcited by 6
- 2025ARTDECO: Towards Efficient and High-Fidelity On-the-Fly 3D Reconstruction with Structured Scene Representationcited by 6
- 2025TinySplat: Feedforward Approach for Generating Compact 3D Scene Representationcited by 5
12 most cited of 47 All 47 (JSON)
- 2026Gaussian Splatting-based Volumetric Video Compression with Sparse 4D Anchors27 Sep 2026
- 2026FeCoSplat: Feedback-Guided Compression for Feed-Forward 3D Gaussian Splatting27 Sep 2026
- 2026Only What Was Seen: Observation-Gram Compaction of View-Dependent Appearance in 3D Gaussian Splatting24 Sep 2026
- 2026Robust, Estimator-Agnostic Dynamic 3DGS Compression22 Sep 2026
- 2026Transforming harmonic coefficients for 3D splat compression14 Sep 2026
- 2026CVT-GS: Learning to Simplify 3D Gaussian Splatting with Centroidal Voronoi Tessellation8 Sep 2026
- 2026KISS-GS: 3D Gaussian Splatting Compression Kept Simple27 Aug 2026
- 2026M3ISR: A Multi-Modal Multi-View Benchmark for 3D/4D Gaussian Splatting and Feedforward Compression23 Aug 2026
- 2026NGS-Marker: Robust Native Watermarking for 3D Gaussian Splatting18 Aug 2026
- 2026Compact Feed-Forward 3D Gaussians via Saliency-Guided Primitive Merging11 Aug 2026
- 2026SpatialQ: Understanding 3D Gaussian Splatting Scene Quality via Visual-based MLLM29 Jul 2026
- 2026GenSplatCodec: Feed-Forward Gaussian Splatting Compression via One-Step Diffusion27 Jul 2026
12 newest of 47 All 47 (JSON)