Taming Diffusion Models for Audio-Driven Co-Speech Gesture Generation
On the map: Diffusion models → Audio, speech and music
Abstract (arXiv)
Animating virtual avatars to make co-speech gestures facilitates various applications in human-machine interaction. The existing methods mainly rely on generative adversarial networks (GANs), which typically suffer from notorious mode collapse and unstable training, thus making it difficult to learn accurate audio-gesture joint distributions. In this work, we propose a novel diffusion-based framework, named Diffusion Co-Speech Gesture (DiffGesture), to effectively capture the cross-modal audio-to-gesture associations and preserve temporal coherence for high-fidelity audio-driven co-speech gesture generation. Specifically, we first establish the diffusion-conditional generation process on clips of skeleton sequences and audio to enable the whole framework. Then, a novel Diffusion Audio-Gesture Transformer is devised to better attend to the information from multiple modalities and model the long-term temporal dependency. Moreover, to eliminate temporal inconsistency, we propose an effective Diffusion Gesture Stabilizer with an annealed noise sampling strategy. Benefiting from the architectural advantages of diffusion models, we further incorporate implicit classifier-free guidance to trade off between diversity and gesture quality. Extensive experiments demonstrate that DiffGesture achieves state-of-theart performance, which renders coherent gestures with better mode coverage and stronger audio correlations. Code is available at https://github.com/Advocate99/DiffGesture.
Key facts. Cited by 128 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Audio, speech and music, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 28 of its 46 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 16 Mar 2023.
Builds on
28 of 46 references.
References · 28
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 20,851
- 2020Score-Based Generative Modeling through Stochastic Differential Equationscited by 8,964
- 2021Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesiscited by 8,185
- 2022Hierarchical Text-Conditional Image Generation with CLIP Latentscited by 6,539
- 2022Photorealistic Text-to-Image Diffusion Models with Deep Language Understandingcited by 6,322
- 2022Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidancecited by 5,717
- 2021GLIDE: Towards Photorealistic Image Generation and Editing with Text-Guided Diffusion Modelscited by 3,595
- 2018An Empirical Evaluation of Generic Convolutional and Recurrent Networks for Sequence Modelingcited by 1,447
- 2018OpenPose: Realtime Multi-Person 2D Pose Estimation using Part Affinity Fieldscited by 1,161
- 2021Diffusion Probabilistic Models for 3D Point Cloud Generationcited by 734
- 2021AI Choreographer: Music Conditioned 3D Dance Generation with AIST++cited by 479
- 2019Language2Pose: Natural Language Grounded Pose Forecastingcited by 257
16 more
- 2021More Control for Free! Image Synthesis with Semantic Diffusion Guidancecited by 211
- 2020Speech Gesture Generation from the Trimodal Context of Text, Audio, and Speaker Identitycited by 199
- 2019Learning Individual Styles of Conversational Gesturecited by 190
- 2022BEAT: A Large-Scale Semantic and Emotional Multi-Modal Dataset for Conversational Gestures Synthesiscited by 177
- 2020Monocular Expressive Body Regression through Body-Driven Attentioncited by 155
- 2021DanceFormer: Music Conditioned 3D Dance Generation with Parametric Motion Transformercited by 111
- 2018Robots Learn Social Skills: End-to-End Learning of Co-Speech Gesture Generation for Humanoid Robotscited by 110
- 2021Audio2Gestures: Generating Diverse Gestures from Speech Audio with Conditional Variational Autoencoderscited by 109
- 2021Text2Gestures: A Transformer-Based Network for Generating Emotive Body Gestures for Virtual Agentscited by 106
- 2022Learning Hierarchical Cross-Modal Association for Co-Speech Gesture Generationcited by 106
- 2021Learning Speech-driven 3D Conversational Gestures from Videocited by 98
- 2020Style Transfer for Co-Speech Gesture Animation: A Multi-Speaker Conditional-Mixture Approachcited by 64
- 2021Speech Drives Templates: Co-Speech Gesture Synthesis with Learned Templatescited by 57
- 2022Audio-Driven Co-Speech Gesture Video Generationcited by 54
- 2022Rhythmic Gesticulator: Rhythm-Aware Co-Speech Gesture Synthesis with Hierarchical Neural Embeddingscited by 38
- 2022Freeform Body Motion Generation from Speechcited by 11
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2023: 29; 2024: 33; 2025: 43; 2026: 23.
128 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2023RAPHAEL: Text-to-Image Generation via Large Mixture of Diffusion Pathscited by 141
- 2025OmniHuman-1: Rethinking the Scaling-Up of One-Stage Conditioned Human Animation Modelscited by 127
- 2023EMAGE: Towards Unified Holistic Co-Speech Gesture Generation via Expressive Masked Audio Gesture Modelingcited by 101
- 2023Human Motion Generation: A Surveycited by 95
- 2023HumanGaussian: Text-Driven 3D Human Generation with Gaussian Splattingcited by 89
- 2023EMDM: Efficient Motion Diffusion Model for Fast and High-Quality Motion Generationcited by 88
- 2024Multi-Track Timeline Control for Text-Driven 3D Human Motion Generationcited by 88
- 2023DiffPoseTalk: Speech-Driven Stylistic 3D Facial Animation and Head Pose Generation via Diffusion Modelscited by 81
- 2024OpenHumanVid: A Large-Scale High-Quality Dataset for Enhancing Human-Centric Video Generationcited by 77
- 2023PhysHOI: Physics-Based Imitation of Dynamic Human-Object Interactioncited by 72
- 2023HyperHuman: Hyper-Realistic Human Generation with Latent Structural Diffusioncited by 68
- 2024CoMo: Controllable Motion Generation through Language Guided Pose Code Editingcited by 66
38 more
- 2023ReMoS: 3D Motion-Conditioned Reaction Synthesis for Two-Person Interactionscited by 62
- 2024DiffSHEG: A Diffusion-Based Approach for Real-Time Speech-driven Holistic 3D Expression and Gesture Generationcited by 61
- 2023FaceTalk: Audio-Driven Motion Diffusion for Neural Parametric Head Modelscited by 55
- 2024MambaTalk: Efficient Holistic Gesture Synthesis with Selective State Space Modelscited by 46
- 2025GENMO: A GENeralist Model for Human MOtioncited by 43
- 2024ConvoFusion: Multi-Modal Conversational Diffusion for Co-Speech Gesture Synthesiscited by 41
- 2023EmotionGesture: Audio-Driven Diverse Emotional Co-Speech 3D Gesture Generationcited by 40
- 2023Emotional Speech-driven 3D Body Animation via Disentangled Latent Diffusioncited by 39
- 2024CyberHost: Taming Audio-driven Avatar Diffusion Model with Region Codebook Attentioncited by 38
- 2024Enabling Synergistic Full-Body Control in Prompt-Based Co-Speech Motion Generationcited by 35
- 2024TANGO: Co-Speech Gesture Video Reenactment with Hierarchical Audio Motion Embedding and Diffusion Interpolationcited by 32
- 2024SemTalk: Holistic Co-speech Motion Generation with Frame-level Semantic Emphasiscited by 32
- 2024Towards Variable and Coordinated Holistic Co-Speech Motion Generationcited by 29
- 2024in2IN: Leveraging individual Information to Generate Human INteractionscited by 29
- 2025ARTalk: Speech-Driven 3D Head Animation via Autoregressive Modelcited by 28
- 2023AI-Generated Content (AIGC) for Various Data Modalities: A Surveycited by 25
- 2023DREAM-Talk: Diffusion-based Realistic Emotional Audio-driven Method for Single Image Talking Face Generationcited by 24
- 2023BodyFormer: Semantics-guided 3D Body Gesture Synthesis with Transformercited by 21
- 2023MotionScript: Natural Language Descriptions for Expressive 3D Human Motionscited by 21
- 2025InterActHuman: Multi-Concept Human Animation with Layout-Aligned Audio Conditionscited by 20
- 2024DiffTED: One-shot Audio-driven TED Talk Video Generation with Diffusion-based Co-speech Gesturescited by 19
- 2025ChainHOI: Joint-based Kinematic Chain Modeling for Human-Object Interaction Generationcited by 19
- 2023Weakly-Supervised Emotion Transition Learning for Diverse 3D Co-speech Gesture Generationcited by 17
- 2025EchoMask: Speech-Queried Attention-based Mask Modeling for Holistic Co-Speech Motion Generationcited by 17
- 2025SemGes: Semantics-aware Co-Speech Gesture Generation using Semantic Coherence and Relevance Learningcited by 17
- 2023EMoG: Synthesizing Emotive Co-speech 3D Gesture with Diffusion Modelcited by 15
- 2023UnifiedGesture: A Unified Gesture Synthesis Model for Multiple Skeletonscited by 15
- 2025HERO: Human Reaction Generation from Videoscited by 15
- 2024Generative Enhancement for 3D Medical Imagescited by 14
- 2024Beyond Talking -- Generating Holistic 3D Human Dyadic Motion for Communicationcited by 14
- 2025Simulating the Real World: A Unified Survey of Multimodal Generative Modelscited by 14
- 2023A Unified Framework for Multimodal, Multi-Part Human Motion Synthesiscited by 12
- 2025Mitigating Error Accumulation in Co-Speech Motion Generation via Global Rotation Diffusion and Multi-Level Constraintscited by 12
- 2025MOSPA: Human Motion Generation Driven by Spatial Audiocited by 11
- 2024Holistic-Motion2D: Scalable Whole-body Human Motion Generation in 2D Spacecited by 10
- 2025AudCast: Audio-Driven Human Video Generation by Cascaded Diffusion Transformerscited by 10
- 2025AV-Flow: Transforming Text to Audio-Visual Human-like Interactionscited by 9
- 2025Co3Gesture: Towards Coherent Concurrent Co-speech 3D Gesture Generation with Interactive Diffusioncited by 9
50 most cited of 128 All 128 (JSON)
- 2026GestAdapt: Workspace-Conditioned Co-Speech Gesture Generation for Humanoid Robots29 Sep 2026
- 2026When Semantics Matter: Reliability-Aware Semantic-Rhythm Control for Co-Speech Gesture Generation29 Sep 2026
- 2026DualTrack: Synchronized speech-gesture generation via symmetric coupling of pretrained priors29 Sep 2026
- 2026SocialHumanoid: Towards Expressive Humanoid Behavior via One-Step Co-Speech Motion Generation27 Sep 2026
- 2026MoSAT: Human Motion Generation from Spatial Audio and Textual Description20 Sep 2026
- 2026Multi-Modal Controlled Coherent Motion Generation10 Sep 2026
- 2026Puppeteer: Object-Grounded Posture-Aware Co-Speech Gesture Generation31 Aug 2026
- 2026Super Star: Towards Streaming Real-time Interactive Agents for Digital Humans22 Jul 2026
- 2026SICAGE: Speaker-Independent Culture-Aware Gesture Generation using TED4C-L Dataset29 Jun 2026
- 2026SiGnature: Explicit Motion Diffusion for Stylized Semantic Gesture14 Jun 2026
- 2026DyaPlex: Full-Duplex Speech-Motion Model for Dyadic Interaction2 Jun 2026
- 2026Mamba-Enhanced Implicit Motion Learning for Audio-Driven Portrait Animation2 Jun 2026
38 more
- 2026PersonaGesture: Single-Reference Co-Speech Gesture Personalization for Unseen Speakers7 May 2026
- 2026DiffHDR: Re-Exposing LDR Videos with Video Diffusion Models7 Apr 2026
- 2026SentiAvatar: Towards Expressive and Interactive Digital Humans3 Apr 2026
- 2026HandX: Scaling Bimanual Motion and Interaction Generation30 Mar 2026
- 2026SemConFlow: Semantic Grounding of Holistic Co-Speech Gesture Generation with Contrastive Flow-Matching27 Mar 2026
- 2026A Synchronized Audio-Visual Multi-View Capture System24 Mar 2026
- 2026PhysMoDPO: Physically-Plausible Humanoid Motion with Preference Optimization13 Mar 2026
- 2026U-Mind: A Unified Framework for Real-Time Multimodal Interaction with Audiovisual Generation27 Feb 2026
- 2026DyaDiT: A Multi-Modal Diffusion Transformer for Socially Favorable Dyadic Gesture Generation26 Feb 2026
- 2026Language-Guided Transformer Tokenizer for Human Motion Generation9 Feb 2026
- 2026SmoothSync: Dual-Stream Diffusion Transformers for Jitter-Robust Beat-Synchronized Gesture Generation from Quantized Audio4 Jan 2026
- 2025Prime and Reach: Synthesising Body Motion for Gaze-Primed Object Reach18 Dec 2025
- 2025Towards Unified Co-Speech Gesture Generation via Hierarchical Implicit Periodicity Learning15 Dec 2025
- 2025InteracTalker: Prompt-Based Human-Object Interaction with Co-Speech Gesture Generation14 Dec 2025
- 2025Co-speech Gesture Video Generation via Motion-Based Graph Retrieval2 Dec 2025
- 2025fMRI2GES: Co-speech Gesture Reconstruction from fMRI Signal with Dual Brain Decoding Alignment1 Dec 2025
- 2025CoordSpeaker: Exploiting Gesture Captioning for Coordinated Caption-Empowered Co-Speech Gesture Generation28 Nov 2025
- 2025Mitigating Error Accumulation in Co-Speech Motion Generation via Global Rotation Diffusion and Multi-Level Constraints13 Nov 2025
- 2025Towards Reliable Human Evaluations in Gesture Generation: Insights from a Community-Driven State-of-the-Art Benchmark3 Nov 2025
- 2025MoSa: Motion Generation with Scalable Autoregressive Modeling3 Nov 2025
- 2025ImaGGen: Zero-Shot Generation of Co-Speech Semantic Gestures Grounded in Language and Image Input20 Oct 2025
- 2025OmniMotion: Multimodal Motion Generation with Continuous Masked Autoregression16 Oct 2025
- 2025InterPose: Learning to Generate Human-Object Interactions from Large-Scale Web Videos31 Aug 2025
- 2025Text-Driven 3D Hand Motion Generation from Sign Language Data21 Aug 2025
- 2025E-React: Towards Emotionally Controlled Synthesis of Human Reactions8 Aug 2025
- 2025Multi-human Interactive Talking Dataset5 Aug 2025
- 2025GestureHYDRA: Semantic Co-speech Gesture Synthesis via Hybrid Modality Diffusion Transformer and Cascaded-Synchronized Retrieval-Augmented Generation30 Jul 2025
- 2025SemGes: Semantics-aware Co-Speech Gesture Generation using Semantic Coherence and Relevance Learning25 Jul 2025
- 2025MOSPA: Human Motion Generation Driven by Spatial Audio16 Jul 2025
- 2025AlignHuman: Improving Motion and Fidelity via Timestep-Segment Preference Optimization for Audio-Driven Human Animation11 Jun 2025
- 2025InterActHuman: Multi-Concept Human Animation with Layout-Aligned Audio Conditions11 Jun 2025
- 2025MMGT: Motion Mask Guided Two-Stage Network for Co-Speech Gesture Video Generation29 May 2025
- 2025AsynFusion: Towards Asynchronous Latent Consistency Models for Decoupled Whole-Body Audio-Driven Avatars21 May 2025
- 2025Text-driven Motion Generation: Overview, Challenges and Directions14 May 2025
- 2025Inter-Diffusion Generation Model of Speakers and Listeners for Effective Communication8 May 2025
- 2025Co3Gesture: Towards Coherent Concurrent Co-speech 3D Gesture Generation with Interactive Diffusion3 May 2025
- 2025GENMO: A GENeralist Model for Human MOtion2 May 2025
- 2025EchoMask: Speech-Queried Attention-based Mask Modeling for Holistic Co-Speech Motion Generation12 Apr 2025
50 newest of 128 All 128 (JSON)
- 2023RAPHAEL: Text-to-Image Generation via Large Mixture of Diffusion Pathscited by 141
- 2023EMDM: Efficient Motion Diffusion Model for Fast and High-Quality Motion Generationcited by 88
- 2023DiffPoseTalk: Speech-Driven Stylistic 3D Facial Animation and Head Pose Generation via Diffusion Modelscited by 81
- 2023HyperHuman: Hyper-Realistic Human Generation with Latent Structural Diffusioncited by 68
- 2023Emotional Speech-driven 3D Body Animation via Disentangled Latent Diffusioncited by 39
- 2024CyberHost: Taming Audio-driven Avatar Diffusion Model with Region Codebook Attentioncited by 38
- 2023EMoG: Synthesizing Emotive Co-speech 3D Gesture with Diffusion Modelcited by 15
- 2023UnifiedGesture: A Unified Gesture Synthesis Model for Multiple Skeletonscited by 15
- 2024Generative Enhancement for 3D Medical Imagescited by 14
- 2025AudCast: Audio-Driven Human Video Generation by Cascaded Diffusion Transformerscited by 10
- 2025AV-Flow: Transforming Text to Audio-Visual Human-like Interactionscited by 9
- 2023Taming Diffusion Models for Music-driven Conducting Motion Generationcited by 7
12 most cited of 34 All 34 (JSON)
- 2026DiffHDR: Re-Exposing LDR Videos with Video Diffusion Models7 Apr 2026
- 2026SemConFlow: Semantic Grounding of Holistic Co-Speech Gesture Generation with Contrastive Flow-Matching27 Mar 2026
- 2026PhysMoDPO: Physically-Plausible Humanoid Motion with Preference Optimization13 Mar 2026
- 2026DyaDiT: A Multi-Modal Diffusion Transformer for Socially Favorable Dyadic Gesture Generation26 Feb 2026
- 2026SmoothSync: Dual-Stream Diffusion Transformers for Jitter-Robust Beat-Synchronized Gesture Generation from Quantized Audio4 Jan 2026
- 2025Co-speech Gesture Video Generation via Motion-Based Graph Retrieval2 Dec 2025
- 2025InterPose: Learning to Generate Human-Object Interactions from Large-Scale Web Videos31 Aug 2025
- 2025E-React: Towards Emotionally Controlled Synthesis of Human Reactions8 Aug 2025
- 2025GestureHYDRA: Semantic Co-speech Gesture Synthesis via Hybrid Modality Diffusion Transformer and Cascaded-Synchronized Retrieval-Augmented Generation30 Jul 2025
- 2025AlignHuman: Improving Motion and Fidelity via Timestep-Segment Preference Optimization for Audio-Driven Human Animation11 Jun 2025
- 2025AsynFusion: Towards Asynchronous Latent Consistency Models for Decoupled Whole-Body Audio-Driven Avatars21 May 2025
- 2025EasyGenNet: An Efficient Framework for Audio-Driven Gesture Video Generation Based on Diffusion Model11 Apr 2025
12 newest of 34 All 34 (JSON)
- 2025OmniHuman-1: Rethinking the Scaling-Up of One-Stage Conditioned Human Animation Modelscited by 127
- 2023EMAGE: Towards Unified Holistic Co-Speech Gesture Generation via Expressive Masked Audio Gesture Modelingcited by 101
- 2023Human Motion Generation: A Surveycited by 95
- 2023HumanGaussian: Text-Driven 3D Human Generation with Gaussian Splattingcited by 89
- 2024Multi-Track Timeline Control for Text-Driven 3D Human Motion Generationcited by 88
- 2024OpenHumanVid: A Large-Scale High-Quality Dataset for Enhancing Human-Centric Video Generationcited by 77
- 2023PhysHOI: Physics-Based Imitation of Dynamic Human-Object Interactioncited by 72
- 2024CoMo: Controllable Motion Generation through Language Guided Pose Code Editingcited by 66
- 2023ReMoS: 3D Motion-Conditioned Reaction Synthesis for Two-Person Interactionscited by 62
- 2024DiffSHEG: A Diffusion-Based Approach for Real-Time Speech-driven Holistic 3D Expression and Gesture Generationcited by 61
- 2023FaceTalk: Audio-Driven Motion Diffusion for Neural Parametric Head Modelscited by 55
- 2025GENMO: A GENeralist Model for Human MOtioncited by 43
12 most cited of 90 All 90 (JSON)
- 2026GestAdapt: Workspace-Conditioned Co-Speech Gesture Generation for Humanoid Robots29 Sep 2026
- 2026When Semantics Matter: Reliability-Aware Semantic-Rhythm Control for Co-Speech Gesture Generation29 Sep 2026
- 2026DualTrack: Synchronized speech-gesture generation via symmetric coupling of pretrained priors29 Sep 2026
- 2026SocialHumanoid: Towards Expressive Humanoid Behavior via One-Step Co-Speech Motion Generation27 Sep 2026
- 2026MoSAT: Human Motion Generation from Spatial Audio and Textual Description20 Sep 2026
- 2026Multi-Modal Controlled Coherent Motion Generation10 Sep 2026
- 2026Puppeteer: Object-Grounded Posture-Aware Co-Speech Gesture Generation31 Aug 2026
- 2026Super Star: Towards Streaming Real-time Interactive Agents for Digital Humans22 Jul 2026
- 2026SICAGE: Speaker-Independent Culture-Aware Gesture Generation using TED4C-L Dataset29 Jun 2026
- 2026SiGnature: Explicit Motion Diffusion for Stylized Semantic Gesture14 Jun 2026
- 2026DyaPlex: Full-Duplex Speech-Motion Model for Dyadic Interaction2 Jun 2026
- 2026PersonaGesture: Single-Reference Co-Speech Gesture Personalization for Unseen Speakers7 May 2026
12 newest of 90 All 90 (JSON)
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2023DiffuseStyleGesture: Stylized Audio-Driven Co-Speech Gesture Generation with Diffusion Models
- 2023DiffMotion: Speech-Driven Gesture Synthesis Using Denoising Diffusion Model
- 2024Co-Speech Gesture Video Generation via Motion-Decoupled Diffusion Model
- 2024Conditional GAN for Enhancing Diffusion Models in Efficient and Authentic Global Gesture Generation from Audios
- 2025Audio-driven Gesture Generation via Deviation Feature in the Latent Space
- 2024ExpGest: Expressive Speaker Generation Using Diffusion Model and Hybrid Audio-Text Guidance
- 2025Democratizing High-Fidelity Co-Speech Gesture Video Generation
- 2023LivelySpeaker: Towards Semantic-Aware Co-Speech Gesture Generation