UnifiedGesture: A Unified Gesture Synthesis Model for Multiple Skeletons
On the map: Diffusion models → Audio, speech and music
Abstract (arXiv)
The automatic co-speech gesture generation draws much attention in computer animation. Previous works designed network structures on individual datasets, which resulted in a lack of data volume and generalizability across different motion capture standards. In addition, it is a challenging task due to the weak correlation between speech and gestures. To address these problems, we present UnifiedGesture, a novel diffusion model-based speech-driven gesture synthesis approach, trained on multiple gesture datasets with different skeletons. Specifically, we first present a retargeting network to learn latent homeomorphic graphs for different motion capture standards, unifying the representations of various gestures while extending the dataset. We then capture the correlation between speech and gestures based on a diffusion model architecture using cross-local attention and self-attention to generate better speech-matched and realistic gestures. To further align speech and gesture and increase diversity, we incorporate reinforcement learning on the discrete gesture units with a learned reward function. Extensive experiments show that UnifiedGesture outperforms recent approaches on speech-driven gesture generation in terms of CCA, FGD, and human-likeness. All code, pre-trained models, databases, and demos are available to the public at https://github.com/YoungSeng/UnifiedGesture.
Key facts. Cited by 15 papers in the map (data through 13 Oct 2026). Placed in Audio, speech and music, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 68 of its 110 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 13 Sep 2023.
Builds on
68 of 110 references.
Closest ancestors · 5
Same direction, newest first
- 2023DiffuseStyleGesture: Stylized Audio-Driven Co-Speech Gesture Generation with Diffusion Models8 May
- 2023GestureDiffuCLIP: Gesture Diffusion Model with CLIP Latents26 Mar
- 2023Taming Diffusion Models for Audio-Driven Co-Speech Gesture Generation16 Mar
- 2023DiffMotion: Speech-Driven Gesture Synthesis Using Denoising Diffusion Model24 Jan
- 2022Listen, Denoise, Action! Audio-Driven Motion Synthesis with Diffusion Models17 Nov
Other references · 63
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- 2022Human Motion Diffusion Modelcited by 1,067
- 2019Heterogeneous Graph Attention Networkcited by 733
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- 2022EDGE: Editable Dance Generation From Musiccited by 285
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- 2022MoFusion: A Framework for Denoising-Diffusion-based Motion Synthesiscited by 218
- 2022FLAME: Free-form Language-based Motion Synthesis & Editingcited by 217
- 2022Bailando: 3D Dance Generation by Actor-Critic GPT with Choreographic Memorycited by 211
- 2020Speech Gesture Generation from the Trimodal Context of Text, Audio, and Speaker Identitycited by 200
- 2019Learning Individual Styles of Conversational Gesturecited by 190
- 2022BEAT: A Large-Scale Semantic and Emotional Multi-Modal Dataset for Conversational Gestures Synthesiscited by 178
- 2015Deep Reinforcement Learning in Large Discrete Action Spacescited by 158
- 2020Skeleton-Aware Networks for Deep Motion Retargetingcited by 120
- 2018Robots Learn Social Skills: End-to-End Learning of Co-Speech Gesture Generation for Humanoid Robotscited by 110
- 2021Audio2Gestures: Generating Diverse Gestures from Speech Audio with Conditional Variational Autoencoderscited by 109
- 2021Text2Gestures: A Transformer-Based Network for Generating Emotive Body Gestures for Virtual Agentscited by 106
- 2022Learning Hierarchical Cross-Modal Association for Co-Speech Gesture Generationcited by 106
- 2021Learning Speech-driven 3D Conversational Gestures from Videocited by 98
- 2018Neural Kinematic Networks for Unsupervised Motion Retargettingcited by 86
- 2020Gesticulator: A framework for semantically-aware speech-driven gesture generationcited by 84
- 2022ZeroEGGS: Zero-shot Example-based Gesture Generation from Speechcited by 84
- 2022PoseGPT: Quantization-based 3D Human Motion Generation and Forecastingcited by 78
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- 2023A Comprehensive Review of Data-Driven Co-Speech Gesture Generationcited by 66
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- 2020Style Transfer for Co-Speech Gesture Animation: A Multi-Speaker Conditional-Mixture Approachcited by 64
- 2021Speech2AffectiveGestures: Synthesizing Co-Speech Gestures with Generative Adversarial Affective Expression Learningcited by 58
- 2021Speech Drives Templates: Co-Speech Gesture Synthesis with Learned Templatescited by 57
- 2022AvatarCLIP: Zero-Shot Text-Driven Generation and Animation of 3D Avatarscited by 55
- 2019Analyzing Input and Output Representations for Speech-Driven Gesture Generationcited by 52
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- 2022The GENEA Challenge 2022: A large evaluation of data-driven co-speech gesture generationcited by 40
- 2023QPGesture: Quantization-Based and Phase-Guided Motion Matching for Natural Speech-Driven Gesture Generationcited by 40
- 2021A large, crowdsourced evaluation of gesture generation systems on common data: The GENEA Challenge 2020cited by 38
- 2022G2P-DDM: Generating Sign Pose Sequence from Gloss Sequence with Discrete Diffusion Modelcited by 38
- 2022Rhythmic Gesticulator: Rhythm-Aware Co-Speech Gesture Synthesis with Hierarchical Neural Embeddingscited by 38
- 2023Tuning computer vision models with task rewardscited by 36
50 most cited of 63 All 63 (JSON)
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 1; 2024: 8; 2025: 4; 2026: 2.
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- 2024MambaTalk: Efficient Holistic Gesture Synthesis with Selective State Space Modelscited by 46
- 2024Enabling Synergistic Full-Body Control in Prompt-Based Co-Speech Motion Generationcited by 35
- 2024SemTalk: Holistic Co-speech Motion Generation with Frame-level Semantic Emphasiscited by 32
- 2023MotionScript: Natural Language Descriptions for Expressive 3D Human Motionscited by 21
- 2024Freetalker: Controllable Speech and Text-Driven Gesture Generation Based on Diffusion Models for Enhanced Speaker Naturalnesscited by 18
- 2024MDT-A2G: Exploring Masked Diffusion Transformers for Co-Speech Gesture Generationcited by 7
- 2026DyaDiT: A Multi-Modal Diffusion Transformer for Socially Favorable Dyadic Gesture Generationcited by 7
- 2024Speech-driven Personalized Gesture Synthetics: Harnessing Automatic Fuzzy Feature Inferencecited by 6
- 2025Separate to Collaborate: Dual-Stream Diffusion Model for Coordinated Piano Hand Motion Synthesiscited by 4
- 2025CoordSpeaker: Exploiting Gesture Captioning for Coordinated Caption-Empowered Co-Speech Gesture Generationcited by 4
- 2024DiM-Gesture: Co-Speech Gesture Generation with Adaptive Layer Normalization Mamba-2 frameworkcited by 2
- 2024Allo-AVA: A Large-Scale Multimodal Conversational AI Dataset for Allocentric Avatar Gesture Animationcited by 2
- 2026EchoAvatar: Real-time Generative Avatar Animation from Audio Streams27 May 2026
- 2026DyaDiT: A Multi-Modal Diffusion Transformer for Socially Favorable Dyadic Gesture Generation26 Feb 2026
- 2025Towards Unified Co-Speech Gesture Generation via Hierarchical Implicit Periodicity Learning15 Dec 2025
- 2025CoordSpeaker: Exploiting Gesture Captioning for Coordinated Caption-Empowered Co-Speech Gesture Generation28 Nov 2025
- 2025Inter-Diffusion Generation Model of Speakers and Listeners for Effective Communication8 May 2025
- 2025Separate to Collaborate: Dual-Stream Diffusion Model for Coordinated Piano Hand Motion Synthesis14 Apr 2025
- 2024SemTalk: Holistic Co-speech Motion Generation with Frame-level Semantic Emphasis21 Dec 2024
- 2024Allo-AVA: A Large-Scale Multimodal Conversational AI Dataset for Allocentric Avatar Gesture Animation21 Oct 2024
- 2024Enabling Synergistic Full-Body Control in Prompt-Based Co-Speech Motion Generation1 Oct 2024
- 2024MDT-A2G: Exploring Masked Diffusion Transformers for Co-Speech Gesture Generation6 Aug 2024
- 2024DiM-Gesture: Co-Speech Gesture Generation with Adaptive Layer Normalization Mamba-2 framework1 Aug 2024
- 2024Speech-driven Personalized Gesture Synthetics: Harnessing Automatic Fuzzy Feature Inference16 Mar 2024
3 more
- 2024MambaTalk: Efficient Holistic Gesture Synthesis with Selective State Space Models14 Mar 2024
- 2024Freetalker: Controllable Speech and Text-Driven Gesture Generation Based on Diffusion Models for Enhanced Speaker Naturalness7 Jan 2024
- 2023MotionScript: Natural Language Descriptions for Expressive 3D Human Motions19 Dec 2023
- 2024Freetalker: Controllable Speech and Text-Driven Gesture Generation Based on Diffusion Models for Enhanced Speaker Naturalnesscited by 18
- 2024MDT-A2G: Exploring Masked Diffusion Transformers for Co-Speech Gesture Generationcited by 7
- 2026DyaDiT: A Multi-Modal Diffusion Transformer for Socially Favorable Dyadic Gesture Generationcited by 7
- 2025Separate to Collaborate: Dual-Stream Diffusion Model for Coordinated Piano Hand Motion Synthesiscited by 4
- 2026DyaDiT: A Multi-Modal Diffusion Transformer for Socially Favorable Dyadic Gesture Generation26 Feb 2026
- 2025Separate to Collaborate: Dual-Stream Diffusion Model for Coordinated Piano Hand Motion Synthesis14 Apr 2025
- 2024MDT-A2G: Exploring Masked Diffusion Transformers for Co-Speech Gesture Generation6 Aug 2024
- 2024Freetalker: Controllable Speech and Text-Driven Gesture Generation Based on Diffusion Models for Enhanced Speaker Naturalness7 Jan 2024
- 2024Enabling Synergistic Full-Body Control in Prompt-Based Co-Speech Motion Generationcited by 35
- 2024SemTalk: Holistic Co-speech Motion Generation with Frame-level Semantic Emphasiscited by 32
- 2023MotionScript: Natural Language Descriptions for Expressive 3D Human Motionscited by 21
- 2024Speech-driven Personalized Gesture Synthetics: Harnessing Automatic Fuzzy Feature Inferencecited by 6
- 2025CoordSpeaker: Exploiting Gesture Captioning for Coordinated Caption-Empowered Co-Speech Gesture Generationcited by 4
- 2024Allo-AVA: A Large-Scale Multimodal Conversational AI Dataset for Allocentric Avatar Gesture Animationcited by 2
- 2026EchoAvatar: Real-time Generative Avatar Animation from Audio Streamscited by 1
- 2025Inter-Diffusion Generation Model of Speakers and Listeners for Effective Communicationcited by 0
- 2025Towards Unified Co-Speech Gesture Generation via Hierarchical Implicit Periodicity Learningcited by 0
- 2026EchoAvatar: Real-time Generative Avatar Animation from Audio Streams27 May 2026
- 2025Towards Unified Co-Speech Gesture Generation via Hierarchical Implicit Periodicity Learning15 Dec 2025
- 2025CoordSpeaker: Exploiting Gesture Captioning for Coordinated Caption-Empowered Co-Speech Gesture Generation28 Nov 2025
- 2025Inter-Diffusion Generation Model of Speakers and Listeners for Effective Communication8 May 2025
- 2024SemTalk: Holistic Co-speech Motion Generation with Frame-level Semantic Emphasis21 Dec 2024
- 2024Allo-AVA: A Large-Scale Multimodal Conversational AI Dataset for Allocentric Avatar Gesture Animation21 Oct 2024
- 2024Enabling Synergistic Full-Body Control in Prompt-Based Co-Speech Motion Generation1 Oct 2024
- 2024Speech-driven Personalized Gesture Synthetics: Harnessing Automatic Fuzzy Feature Inference16 Mar 2024
- 2023MotionScript: Natural Language Descriptions for Expressive 3D Human Motions19 Dec 2023
Similar, not cited
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- 2024Co-Speech Gesture Video Generation via Motion-Decoupled Diffusion Model
- 2023C2G2: Controllable Co-speech Gesture Generation with Latent Diffusion Model
- 2025EasyGenNet: An Efficient Framework for Audio-Driven Gesture Video Generation Based on Diffusion Model
- 2023EMoG: Synthesizing Emotive Co-speech 3D Gesture with Diffusion Model
- 2023AQ-GT: a Temporally Aligned and Quantized GRU-Transformer for Co-Speech Gesture Synthesis
- 2024CoCoGesture: Toward Coherent Co-speech 3D Gesture Generation in the Wild
- 2025Co-speech Gesture Video Generation via Motion-Based Graph Retrieval
- 2025Cosh-DiT: Co-Speech Gesture Video Synthesis via Hybrid Audio-Visual Diffusion Transformers