Freeform Body Motion Generation from Speech
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Abstract (arXiv)
People naturally conduct spontaneous body motions to enhance their speeches while giving talks. Body motion generation from speech is inherently difficult due to the non-deterministic mapping from speech to body motions. Most existing works map speech to motion in a deterministic way by conditioning on certain styles, leading to sub-optimal results. Motivated by studies in linguistics, we decompose the co-speech motion into two complementary parts: pose modes and rhythmic dynamics. Accordingly, we introduce a novel freeform motion generation model (FreeMo) by equipping a two-stream architecture, i.e., a pose mode branch for primary posture generation, and a rhythmic motion branch for rhythmic dynamics synthesis. On one hand, diverse pose modes are generated by conditional sampling in a latent space, guided by speech semantics. On the other hand, rhythmic dynamics are synced with the speech prosody. Extensive experiments demonstrate the superior performance against several baselines, in terms of motion diversity, quality and syncing with speech. Code and pre-trained models will be publicly available through https://github.com/TheTempAccount/Co-Speech-Motion-Generation.
Key facts. Cited by 11 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 22 of its 36 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 4 Mar 2022.
Builds on
22 of 36 references.
References · 22
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- 2020A Lip Sync Expert Is All You Need for Speech to Lip Generation In The Wildcited by 669
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- 2019Face X-ray for More General Face Forgery Detectioncited by 469
- 2016RMPE: Regional Multi-person Pose Estimationcited by 340
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- 2020MakeItTalk: Speaker-Aware Talking-Head Animationcited by 310
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- 2019Learning Individual Styles of Conversational Gesturecited by 190
- 2020Talking-head Generation with Rhythmic Head Motioncited by 112
10 more
- 2018Robots Learn Social Skills: End-to-End Learning of Co-Speech Gesture Generation for Humanoid Robotscited by 110
- 2019Text-based Editing of Talking-head Videocited by 102
- 2020Audio-driven Talking Face Video Generation with Learning-based Personalized Head Posecited by 92
- 2018MT-VAE: Learning Motion Transformations to Generate Multimodal Human Dynamicscited by 86
- 2018Pose Flow: Efficient Online Pose Trackingcited by 80
- 2020Style Transfer for Co-Speech Gesture Animation: A Multi-Speaker Conditional-Mixture Approachcited by 64
- 2021Speech Drives Templates: Co-Speech Gesture Synthesis with Learned Templatescited by 57
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Citing papers per year: 2022: 4; 2023: 4; 2024: 2; 2025: 1.
11 papers.
- 2022Generating Holistic 3D Human Motion from Speechcited by 180
- 2023Taming Diffusion Models for Audio-Driven Co-Speech Gesture Generationcited by 128
- 2022Audio-Driven Co-Speech Gesture Video Generationcited by 54
- 2023QPGesture: Quantization-Based and Phase-Guided Motion Matching for Natural Speech-Driven Gesture Generationcited by 40
- 2023LivelySpeaker: Towards Semantic-Aware Co-Speech Gesture Generationcited by 40
- 2022Rhythmic Gesticulator: Rhythm-Aware Co-Speech Gesture Synthesis with Hierarchical Neural Embeddingscited by 38
- 2023TapMo: Shape-aware Motion Generation of Skeleton-free Characterscited by 15
- 2022The ReprGesture entry to the GENEA Challenge 2022cited by 9
- 2024LLM Gesticulator: Leveraging Large Language Models for Scalable and Controllable Co-Speech Gesture Synthesiscited by 5
- 2024Multi-Resolution Generative Modeling of Human Motion from Limited Datacited by 0
- 2025A conversational gesture synthesis system based on emotions and semanticscited by 0
- 2025A conversational gesture synthesis system based on emotions and semantics3 Jul 2025
- 2024Multi-Resolution Generative Modeling of Human Motion from Limited Data25 Nov 2024
- 2024LLM Gesticulator: Leveraging Large Language Models for Scalable and Controllable Co-Speech Gesture Synthesis6 Oct 2024
- 2023TapMo: Shape-aware Motion Generation of Skeleton-free Characters19 Oct 2023
- 2023LivelySpeaker: Towards Semantic-Aware Co-Speech Gesture Generation17 Sep 2023
- 2023QPGesture: Quantization-Based and Phase-Guided Motion Matching for Natural Speech-Driven Gesture Generation18 May 2023
- 2023Taming Diffusion Models for Audio-Driven Co-Speech Gesture Generation16 Mar 2023
- 2022Generating Holistic 3D Human Motion from Speech8 Dec 2022
- 2022Audio-Driven Co-Speech Gesture Video Generation5 Dec 2022
- 2022Rhythmic Gesticulator: Rhythm-Aware Co-Speech Gesture Synthesis with Hierarchical Neural Embeddings4 Oct 2022
- 2022The ReprGesture entry to the GENEA Challenge 202225 Aug 2022