mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Towards Variable and Coordinated Holistic Co-Speech Motion Generation

arXiv 2404.00368 ↗First posted 30 Mar 2024cs.CVcited by 29

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Abstract (arXiv)

This paper addresses the problem of generating lifelike holistic co-speech motions for 3D avatars, focusing on two key aspects: variability and coordination. Variability allows the avatar to exhibit a wide range of motions even with similar speech content, while coordination ensures a harmonious alignment among facial expressions, hand gestures, and body poses. We aim to achieve both with ProbTalk, a unified probabilistic framework designed to jointly model facial, hand, and body movements in speech. ProbTalk builds on the variational autoencoder (VAE) architecture and incorporates three core designs. First, we introduce product quantization (PQ) to the VAE, which enriches the representation of complex holistic motion. Second, we devise a novel non-autoregressive model that embeds 2D positional encoding into the product-quantized representation, thereby preserving essential structure information of the PQ codes. Last, we employ a secondary stage to refine the preliminary prediction, further sharpening the high-frequency details. Coupling these three designs enables ProbTalk to generate natural and diverse holistic co-speech motions, outperforming several state-of-the-art methods in qualitative and quantitative evaluations, particularly in terms of realism. Our code and model will be released for research purposes at https://feifeifeiliu.github.io/probtalk/.

Key facts. Cited by 29 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 48 of its 68 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 30 Mar 2024.

Builds on

48 of 68 references.

References · 48

  1. 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 60,361
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36 more
  1. 2022MotionDiffuse: Text-Driven Human Motion Generation with Diffusion Modelcited by 780
  2. 2023T2M-GPT: Generating Human Motion from Textual Descriptions with Discrete Representationscited by 588
  3. 2021Action-Conditioned 3D Human Motion Synthesis with Transformer VAEcited by 501
  4. 2022TEMOS: Generating diverse human motions from textual descriptionscited by 492
  5. 2020Action2Motion: Conditioned Generation of 3D Human Motionscited by 441
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  8. 2021Robust Motion In-betweeningcited by 229
  9. 2022Bailando: 3D Dance Generation by Actor-Critic GPT with Choreographic Memorycited by 212
  10. 2021FaceFormer: Speech-Driven 3D Facial Animation with Transformerscited by 209
  11. 2020Speech Gesture Generation from the Trimodal Context of Text, Audio, and Speaker Identitycited by 202
  12. 2019Learning Individual Styles of Conversational Gesturecited by 191
  13. 2023CodeTalker: Speech-Driven 3D Facial Animation with Discrete Motion Priorcited by 184
  14. 2022Generating Holistic 3D Human Motion from Speechcited by 180
  15. 2022BEAT: A Large-Scale Semantic and Emotional Multi-Modal Dataset for Conversational Gestures Synthesiscited by 178
  16. 2023GestureDiffuCLIP: Gesture Diffusion Model with CLIP Latentscited by 158
  17. 2020Synthesizing Long-Term 3D Human Motion and Interaction in 3D Scenescited by 135
  18. 2023Taming Diffusion Models for Audio-Driven Co-Speech Gesture Generationcited by 129
  19. 2022Learning to Listen: Modeling Non-Deterministic Dyadic Facial Motioncited by 126
  20. 2021Audio2Gestures: Generating Diverse Gestures from Speech Audio with Conditional Variational Autoencoderscited by 109
  21. 2022Learning Hierarchical Cross-Modal Association for Co-Speech Gesture Generationcited by 107
  22. 2021Generating Diverse Structure for Image Inpainting With Hierarchical VQ-VAEcited by 106
  23. 2021Learning Speech-driven 3D Conversational Gestures from Videocited by 98
  24. 2023Human Motion Generation: A Surveycited by 96
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Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 5; 2025: 16; 2026: 8.

29 papers.

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  1. 2025GestureLSM: Latent Shortcut based Co-Speech Gesture Generation with Spatial-Temporal Modelingcited by 44
  2. 2024SemTalk: Holistic Co-speech Motion Generation with Frame-level Semantic Emphasiscited by 32
  3. 2024DisCoRD: Discrete Tokens to Continuous Motion via Rectified Flow Decodingcited by 19
  4. 2025EchoMask: Speech-Queried Attention-based Mask Modeling for Holistic Co-Speech Motion Generationcited by 17
  5. 2024Diffgrasp: Whole-Body Grasping Synthesis Guided by Object Motion Using a Diffusion Modelcited by 13
  6. 2025Mitigating Error Accumulation in Co-Speech Motion Generation via Global Rotation Diffusion and Multi-Level Constraintscited by 12
  7. 2025AudCast: Audio-Driven Human Video Generation by Cascaded Diffusion Transformerscited by 10
  8. 2025Co3Gesture: Towards Coherent Concurrent Co-speech 3D Gesture Generation with Interactive Diffusioncited by 9
  9. 2025Intentional Gesture: Deliver Your Intentions with Gestures for Speechcited by 8
  10. 2025Discrete Tokenization for Multimodal LLMs: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 8
  11. 2025GestureHYDRA: Semantic Co-speech Gesture Synthesis via Hybrid Modality Diffusion Transformer and Cascaded-Synchronized Retrieval-Augmented Generationcited by 7
  12. 2026PersonaGesture: Single-Reference Co-Speech Gesture Personalization for Unseen Speakerscited by 7
17 more
  1. 2024Combo: Co-speech holistic 3D human motion generation and efficient customizable adaptation in harmonycited by 6
  2. 2026Temporal Consistency-Aware Text-to-Motion Generationcited by 5
  3. 2025Cosh-DiT: Co-Speech Gesture Video Synthesis via Hybrid Audio-Visual Diffusion Transformerscited by 3
  4. 2025OmniMotion: Multimodal Motion Generation with Continuous Masked Autoregressioncited by 3
  5. 2026PolySLGen: Online Multimodal Speaking-Listening Reaction Generation in Polyadic Interactioncited by 3
  6. 2024CoCoGesture: Toward Coherent Co-speech 3D Gesture Generation in the Wildcited by 2
  7. 2025MAG: Multi-Modal Aligned Autoregressive Co-Speech Gesture Generation without Vector Quantizationcited by 1
  8. 2025Democratizing High-Fidelity Co-Speech Gesture Video Generationcited by 1
  9. 2025Towards Reliable Human Evaluations in Gesture Generation: Insights from a Community-Driven State-of-the-Art Benchmarkcited by 1
  10. 2026ReactMotion: Generating Reactive Listener Motions from Speaker Utterancecited by 1
  11. 2026DuoGesture: Motion-Grounded Semantic Conditioning and Biomechanical Beat Priors for Co-Speech Gesture Generationcited by 1
  12. 2025ReCoM: Realistic Co-Speech Motion Generation with Recurrent Embedded Transformercited by 0
  13. 2025AsynFusion: Towards Asynchronous Latent Consistency Models for Decoupled Whole-Body Audio-Driven Avatarscited by 0
  14. 2025Towards Unified Co-Speech Gesture Generation via Hierarchical Implicit Periodicity Learningcited by 0
  15. 2026StreamTalk: Streaming Co-Speech Gesture Generation with Key-Pose Anchoringcited by 0
  16. 2026Multi-Modal Controlled Coherent Motion Generationcited by 0
  17. 2026SocialHumanoid: Towards Expressive Humanoid Behavior via One-Step Co-Speech Motion Generationcited by 0

Similar, not cited

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  1. 20263DGesPolicy: Phoneme-Aware Holistic Co-Speech Gesture Generation Based on Action Control
  2. 2026UMo: Unified Sparse Motion Modeling for Real-Time Co-Speech Avatars
  3. 2026Puppeteer: Object-Grounded Posture-Aware Co-Speech Gesture Generation
  4. 2023AQ-GT: a Temporally Aligned and Quantized GRU-Transformer for Co-Speech Gesture Synthesis
  5. 2023SpeechAct: Towards Generating Whole-body Motion from Speech
  6. 2025SemGes: Semantics-aware Co-Speech Gesture Generation using Semantic Coherence and Relevance Learning
  7. 2026PersonaGest: Personalized Co-Speech Gesture Generation with Semantic-Guided Hierarchical Motion Representation
  8. 2022Audio-Driven Co-Speech Gesture Video Generation