Towards Variable and Coordinated Holistic Co-Speech Motion Generation
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Abstract (arXiv)
This paper addresses the problem of generating lifelike holistic co-speech motions for 3D avatars, focusing on two key aspects: variability and coordination. Variability allows the avatar to exhibit a wide range of motions even with similar speech content, while coordination ensures a harmonious alignment among facial expressions, hand gestures, and body poses. We aim to achieve both with ProbTalk, a unified probabilistic framework designed to jointly model facial, hand, and body movements in speech. ProbTalk builds on the variational autoencoder (VAE) architecture and incorporates three core designs. First, we introduce product quantization (PQ) to the VAE, which enriches the representation of complex holistic motion. Second, we devise a novel non-autoregressive model that embeds 2D positional encoding into the product-quantized representation, thereby preserving essential structure information of the PQ codes. Last, we employ a secondary stage to refine the preliminary prediction, further sharpening the high-frequency details. Coupling these three designs enables ProbTalk to generate natural and diverse holistic co-speech motions, outperforming several state-of-the-art methods in qualitative and quantitative evaluations, particularly in terms of realism. Our code and model will be released for research purposes at https://feifeifeiliu.github.io/probtalk/.
Key facts. Cited by 29 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 48 of its 68 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 30 Mar 2024.
Builds on
48 of 68 references.
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 5; 2025: 16; 2026: 8.
29 papers.
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- 2025GestureLSM: Latent Shortcut based Co-Speech Gesture Generation with Spatial-Temporal Modelingcited by 44
- 2024SemTalk: Holistic Co-speech Motion Generation with Frame-level Semantic Emphasiscited by 32
- 2024DisCoRD: Discrete Tokens to Continuous Motion via Rectified Flow Decodingcited by 19
- 2025EchoMask: Speech-Queried Attention-based Mask Modeling for Holistic Co-Speech Motion Generationcited by 17
- 2024Diffgrasp: Whole-Body Grasping Synthesis Guided by Object Motion Using a Diffusion Modelcited by 13
- 2025Mitigating Error Accumulation in Co-Speech Motion Generation via Global Rotation Diffusion and Multi-Level Constraintscited by 12
- 2025AudCast: Audio-Driven Human Video Generation by Cascaded Diffusion Transformerscited by 10
- 2025Co3Gesture: Towards Coherent Concurrent Co-speech 3D Gesture Generation with Interactive Diffusioncited by 9
- 2025Intentional Gesture: Deliver Your Intentions with Gestures for Speechcited by 8
- 2025Discrete Tokenization for Multimodal LLMs: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 8
- 2025GestureHYDRA: Semantic Co-speech Gesture Synthesis via Hybrid Modality Diffusion Transformer and Cascaded-Synchronized Retrieval-Augmented Generationcited by 7
- 2026PersonaGesture: Single-Reference Co-Speech Gesture Personalization for Unseen Speakerscited by 7
17 more
- 2024Combo: Co-speech holistic 3D human motion generation and efficient customizable adaptation in harmonycited by 6
- 2026Temporal Consistency-Aware Text-to-Motion Generationcited by 5
- 2025Cosh-DiT: Co-Speech Gesture Video Synthesis via Hybrid Audio-Visual Diffusion Transformerscited by 3
- 2025OmniMotion: Multimodal Motion Generation with Continuous Masked Autoregressioncited by 3
- 2026PolySLGen: Online Multimodal Speaking-Listening Reaction Generation in Polyadic Interactioncited by 3
- 2024CoCoGesture: Toward Coherent Co-speech 3D Gesture Generation in the Wildcited by 2
- 2025MAG: Multi-Modal Aligned Autoregressive Co-Speech Gesture Generation without Vector Quantizationcited by 1
- 2025Democratizing High-Fidelity Co-Speech Gesture Video Generationcited by 1
- 2025Towards Reliable Human Evaluations in Gesture Generation: Insights from a Community-Driven State-of-the-Art Benchmarkcited by 1
- 2026ReactMotion: Generating Reactive Listener Motions from Speaker Utterancecited by 1
- 2026DuoGesture: Motion-Grounded Semantic Conditioning and Biomechanical Beat Priors for Co-Speech Gesture Generationcited by 1
- 2025ReCoM: Realistic Co-Speech Motion Generation with Recurrent Embedded Transformercited by 0
- 2025AsynFusion: Towards Asynchronous Latent Consistency Models for Decoupled Whole-Body Audio-Driven Avatarscited by 0
- 2025Towards Unified Co-Speech Gesture Generation via Hierarchical Implicit Periodicity Learningcited by 0
- 2026StreamTalk: Streaming Co-Speech Gesture Generation with Key-Pose Anchoringcited by 0
- 2026Multi-Modal Controlled Coherent Motion Generationcited by 0
- 2026SocialHumanoid: Towards Expressive Humanoid Behavior via One-Step Co-Speech Motion Generationcited by 0
- 2026SocialHumanoid: Towards Expressive Humanoid Behavior via One-Step Co-Speech Motion Generation27 Sep 2026
- 2026Multi-Modal Controlled Coherent Motion Generation10 Sep 2026
- 2026StreamTalk: Streaming Co-Speech Gesture Generation with Key-Pose Anchoring3 Aug 2026
- 2026DuoGesture: Motion-Grounded Semantic Conditioning and Biomechanical Beat Priors for Co-Speech Gesture Generation25 May 2026
- 2026PersonaGesture: Single-Reference Co-Speech Gesture Personalization for Unseen Speakers7 May 2026
- 2026PolySLGen: Online Multimodal Speaking-Listening Reaction Generation in Polyadic Interaction9 Apr 2026
- 2026ReactMotion: Generating Reactive Listener Motions from Speaker Utterance16 Mar 2026
- 2026Temporal Consistency-Aware Text-to-Motion Generation20 Feb 2026
- 2025Towards Unified Co-Speech Gesture Generation via Hierarchical Implicit Periodicity Learning15 Dec 2025
- 2025Mitigating Error Accumulation in Co-Speech Motion Generation via Global Rotation Diffusion and Multi-Level Constraints13 Nov 2025
- 2025Towards Reliable Human Evaluations in Gesture Generation: Insights from a Community-Driven State-of-the-Art Benchmark3 Nov 2025
- 2025OmniMotion: Multimodal Motion Generation with Continuous Masked Autoregression16 Oct 2025
17 more
- 2025GestureHYDRA: Semantic Co-speech Gesture Synthesis via Hybrid Modality Diffusion Transformer and Cascaded-Synchronized Retrieval-Augmented Generation30 Jul 2025
- 2025Discrete Tokenization for Multimodal LLMs: A Comprehensive Survey21 Jul 2025
- 2025Democratizing High-Fidelity Co-Speech Gesture Video Generation9 Jul 2025
- 2025Intentional Gesture: Deliver Your Intentions with Gestures for Speech21 May 2025
- 2025AsynFusion: Towards Asynchronous Latent Consistency Models for Decoupled Whole-Body Audio-Driven Avatars21 May 2025
- 2025Co3Gesture: Towards Coherent Concurrent Co-speech 3D Gesture Generation with Interactive Diffusion3 May 2025
- 2025EchoMask: Speech-Queried Attention-based Mask Modeling for Holistic Co-Speech Motion Generation12 Apr 2025
- 2025ReCoM: Realistic Co-Speech Motion Generation with Recurrent Embedded Transformer27 Mar 2025
- 2025AudCast: Audio-Driven Human Video Generation by Cascaded Diffusion Transformers25 Mar 2025
- 2025MAG: Multi-Modal Aligned Autoregressive Co-Speech Gesture Generation without Vector Quantization18 Mar 2025
- 2025Cosh-DiT: Co-Speech Gesture Video Synthesis via Hybrid Audio-Visual Diffusion Transformers13 Mar 2025
- 2025GestureLSM: Latent Shortcut based Co-Speech Gesture Generation with Spatial-Temporal Modeling31 Jan 2025
- 2024Diffgrasp: Whole-Body Grasping Synthesis Guided by Object Motion Using a Diffusion Model30 Dec 2024
- 2024SemTalk: Holistic Co-speech Motion Generation with Frame-level Semantic Emphasis21 Dec 2024
- 2024DisCoRD: Discrete Tokens to Continuous Motion via Rectified Flow Decoding29 Nov 2024
- 2024Combo: Co-speech holistic 3D human motion generation and efficient customizable adaptation in harmony18 Aug 2024
- 2024CoCoGesture: Toward Coherent Co-speech 3D Gesture Generation in the Wild27 May 2024
- 2025GestureLSM: Latent Shortcut based Co-Speech Gesture Generation with Spatial-Temporal Modelingcited by 44
- 2024DisCoRD: Discrete Tokens to Continuous Motion via Rectified Flow Decodingcited by 19
- 2024Diffgrasp: Whole-Body Grasping Synthesis Guided by Object Motion Using a Diffusion Modelcited by 13
- 2025AudCast: Audio-Driven Human Video Generation by Cascaded Diffusion Transformerscited by 10
- 2025GestureHYDRA: Semantic Co-speech Gesture Synthesis via Hybrid Modality Diffusion Transformer and Cascaded-Synchronized Retrieval-Augmented Generationcited by 7
- 2025Cosh-DiT: Co-Speech Gesture Video Synthesis via Hybrid Audio-Visual Diffusion Transformerscited by 3
- 2024CoCoGesture: Toward Coherent Co-speech 3D Gesture Generation in the Wildcited by 2
- 2025AsynFusion: Towards Asynchronous Latent Consistency Models for Decoupled Whole-Body Audio-Driven Avatarscited by 0
- 2025GestureHYDRA: Semantic Co-speech Gesture Synthesis via Hybrid Modality Diffusion Transformer and Cascaded-Synchronized Retrieval-Augmented Generation30 Jul 2025
- 2025AsynFusion: Towards Asynchronous Latent Consistency Models for Decoupled Whole-Body Audio-Driven Avatars21 May 2025
- 2025AudCast: Audio-Driven Human Video Generation by Cascaded Diffusion Transformers25 Mar 2025
- 2025Cosh-DiT: Co-Speech Gesture Video Synthesis via Hybrid Audio-Visual Diffusion Transformers13 Mar 2025
- 2025GestureLSM: Latent Shortcut based Co-Speech Gesture Generation with Spatial-Temporal Modeling31 Jan 2025
- 2024Diffgrasp: Whole-Body Grasping Synthesis Guided by Object Motion Using a Diffusion Model30 Dec 2024
- 2024DisCoRD: Discrete Tokens to Continuous Motion via Rectified Flow Decoding29 Nov 2024
- 2024CoCoGesture: Toward Coherent Co-speech 3D Gesture Generation in the Wild27 May 2024
- 2024SemTalk: Holistic Co-speech Motion Generation with Frame-level Semantic Emphasiscited by 32
- 2025EchoMask: Speech-Queried Attention-based Mask Modeling for Holistic Co-Speech Motion Generationcited by 17
- 2025Mitigating Error Accumulation in Co-Speech Motion Generation via Global Rotation Diffusion and Multi-Level Constraintscited by 12
- 2025Co3Gesture: Towards Coherent Concurrent Co-speech 3D Gesture Generation with Interactive Diffusioncited by 9
- 2025Intentional Gesture: Deliver Your Intentions with Gestures for Speechcited by 8
- 2026PersonaGesture: Single-Reference Co-Speech Gesture Personalization for Unseen Speakerscited by 7
- 2024Combo: Co-speech holistic 3D human motion generation and efficient customizable adaptation in harmonycited by 6
- 2026Temporal Consistency-Aware Text-to-Motion Generationcited by 5
- 2025OmniMotion: Multimodal Motion Generation with Continuous Masked Autoregressioncited by 3
- 2026PolySLGen: Online Multimodal Speaking-Listening Reaction Generation in Polyadic Interactioncited by 3
- 2025MAG: Multi-Modal Aligned Autoregressive Co-Speech Gesture Generation without Vector Quantizationcited by 1
- 2025Democratizing High-Fidelity Co-Speech Gesture Video Generationcited by 1
12 most cited of 20 All 20 (JSON)
- 2026SocialHumanoid: Towards Expressive Humanoid Behavior via One-Step Co-Speech Motion Generation27 Sep 2026
- 2026Multi-Modal Controlled Coherent Motion Generation10 Sep 2026
- 2026StreamTalk: Streaming Co-Speech Gesture Generation with Key-Pose Anchoring3 Aug 2026
- 2026DuoGesture: Motion-Grounded Semantic Conditioning and Biomechanical Beat Priors for Co-Speech Gesture Generation25 May 2026
- 2026PersonaGesture: Single-Reference Co-Speech Gesture Personalization for Unseen Speakers7 May 2026
- 2026PolySLGen: Online Multimodal Speaking-Listening Reaction Generation in Polyadic Interaction9 Apr 2026
- 2026ReactMotion: Generating Reactive Listener Motions from Speaker Utterance16 Mar 2026
- 2026Temporal Consistency-Aware Text-to-Motion Generation20 Feb 2026
- 2025Towards Unified Co-Speech Gesture Generation via Hierarchical Implicit Periodicity Learning15 Dec 2025
- 2025Mitigating Error Accumulation in Co-Speech Motion Generation via Global Rotation Diffusion and Multi-Level Constraints13 Nov 2025
- 2025Towards Reliable Human Evaluations in Gesture Generation: Insights from a Community-Driven State-of-the-Art Benchmark3 Nov 2025
- 2025OmniMotion: Multimodal Motion Generation with Continuous Masked Autoregression16 Oct 2025
12 newest of 20 All 20 (JSON)
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