mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

EmotionGesture: Audio-Driven Diverse Emotional Co-Speech 3D Gesture Generation

arXiv 2305.18891 ↗First posted 30 May 2023cs.CV cs.AI cs.MMcited by 40

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Abstract (arXiv)

Generating vivid and diverse 3D co-speech gestures is crucial for various applications in animating virtual avatars. While most existing methods can generate gestures from audio directly, they usually overlook that emotion is one of the key factors of authentic co-speech gesture generation. In this work, we propose EmotionGesture, a novel framework for synthesizing vivid and diverse emotional co-speech 3D gestures from audio. Considering emotion is often entangled with the rhythmic beat in speech audio, we first develop an Emotion-Beat Mining module (EBM) to extract the emotion and audio beat features as well as model their correlation via a transcript-based visual-rhythm alignment. Then, we propose an initial pose based Spatial-Temporal Prompter (STP) to generate future gestures from the given initial poses. STP effectively models the spatial-temporal correlations between the initial poses and the future gestures, thus producing the spatial-temporal coherent pose prompt. Once we obtain pose prompts, emotion, and audio beat features, we will generate 3D co-speech gestures through a transformer architecture. However, considering the poses of existing datasets often contain jittering effects, this would lead to generating unstable gestures. To address this issue, we propose an effective objective function, dubbed Motion-Smooth Loss. Specifically, we model motion offset to compensate for jittering ground-truth by forcing gestures to be smooth. Last, we present an emotion-conditioned VAE to sample emotion features, enabling us to generate diverse emotional results. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our framework outperforms the state-of-the-art, achieving vivid and diverse emotional co-speech 3D gestures. Our code and dataset will be released at the project page: https://xingqunqi-lab.github.io/Emotion-Gesture-Web/

Key facts. Cited by 40 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 39 of its 63 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 30 May 2023.

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39 of 63 references.

References · 39

  1. 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 59,932
  2. 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 20,851
  3. 2015Distilling the Knowledge in a Neural Networkcited by 10,076
  4. 2018Representation Learning with Contrastive Predictive Codingcited by 7,662
  5. 2013Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Spacecited by 4,346
  6. 2018On the Continuity of Rotation Representations in Neural Networkscited by 1,186
  7. 2022Human Motion Diffusion Modelcited by 1,062
  8. 2020Towards Understanding Ensemble, Knowledge Distillation and Self-Distillation in Deep Learningcited by 292
  9. 20213D Human Pose Estimation with Spatial and Temporal Transformerscited by 271
  10. 2019Language2Pose: Natural Language Grounded Pose Forecastingcited by 257
  11. 2019Learning Trajectory Dependencies for Human Motion Predictioncited by 245
  12. 2020Speech Gesture Generation from the Trimodal Context of Text, Audio, and Speaker Identitycited by 199
27 more
  1. 2021TEACh: Task-driven Embodied Agents that Chatcited by 194
  2. 2019Learning Individual Styles of Conversational Gesturecited by 190
  3. 2022Generating Holistic 3D Human Motion from Speechcited by 180
  4. 2022BEAT: A Large-Scale Semantic and Emotional Multi-Modal Dataset for Conversational Gestures Synthesiscited by 177
  5. 2023GestureDiffuCLIP: Gesture Diffusion Model with CLIP Latentscited by 156
  6. 2020Monocular Expressive Body Regression through Body-Driven Attentioncited by 155
  7. 2020Rethinking Class-Balanced Methods for Long-Tailed Visual Recognition from a Domain Adaptation Perspectivecited by 143
  8. 2023Taming Diffusion Models for Audio-Driven Co-Speech Gesture Generationcited by 128
  9. 2022Learning to Listen: Modeling Non-Deterministic Dyadic Facial Motioncited by 125
  10. 2020In defence of metric learning for speaker recognitioncited by 123
  11. 2018Robots Learn Social Skills: End-to-End Learning of Co-Speech Gesture Generation for Humanoid Robotscited by 110
  12. 2021Audio2Gestures: Generating Diverse Gestures from Speech Audio with Conditional Variational Autoencoderscited by 109
  13. 2022AvatarPoser: Articulated Full-Body Pose Tracking from Sparse Motion Sensingcited by 107
  14. 2022Learning Hierarchical Cross-Modal Association for Co-Speech Gesture Generationcited by 106
  15. 2017Towards Accurate Markerless Human Shape and Pose Estimation over Timecited by 92
  16. 2023PoseFormerV2: Exploring Frequency Domain for Efficient and Robust 3D Human Pose Estimationcited by 91
  17. 2023DiffuseStyleGesture: Stylized Audio-Driven Co-Speech Gesture Generation with Diffusion Modelscited by 85
  18. 2022Audio-Driven Co-Speech Gesture Video Generationcited by 54
  19. 2022Spatio-Temporal Gating-Adjacency GCN for Human Motion Predictioncited by 48
  20. 2022Continuous Scene Representations for Embodied AIcited by 39
  21. 2020Body2Hands: Learning to Infer 3D Hands from Conversational Gesture Body Dynamicscited by 34
  22. 2022Contact-aware Human Motion Forecastingcited by 27
  23. 2022Weakly-supervised Action Transition Learning for Stochastic Human Motion Predictioncited by 26
  24. 2021A Review of Evaluation Practices of Gesture Generation in Embodied Conversational Agentscited by 24
  25. 2023Diverse 3D Hand Gesture Prediction from Body Dynamics by Bilateral Hand Disentanglementcited by 18
  26. 2020GlocalNet: Class-aware Long-term Human Motion Synthesiscited by 10
  27. 2021Self-supervised Correlation Mining Network for Person Image Generationcited by 9

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2023: 10; 2024: 6; 2025: 13; 2026: 11.

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  1. 2023EMAGE: Towards Unified Holistic Co-Speech Gesture Generation via Expressive Masked Audio Gesture Modelingcited by 101
  2. 2024MambaTalk: Efficient Holistic Gesture Synthesis with Selective State Space Modelscited by 46
  3. 2023Emotional Speech-driven 3D Body Animation via Disentangled Latent Diffusioncited by 39
  4. 2023Audio-Visual Segmentation by Exploring Cross-Modal Mutual Semanticscited by 32
  5. 2023BAVS: Bootstrapping Audio-Visual Segmentation by Integrating Foundation Knowledgecited by 30
  6. 2024Towards Variable and Coordinated Holistic Co-Speech Motion Generationcited by 29
  7. 2023Chain of Generation: Multi-Modal Gesture Synthesis via Cascaded Conditional Controlcited by 18
  8. 2023Weakly-Supervised Emotion Transition Learning for Diverse 3D Co-speech Gesture Generationcited by 17
  9. 2023The DiffuseStyleGesture+ entry to the GENEA Challenge 2023cited by 14
  10. 2023A Unified Framework for Multimodal, Multi-Part Human Motion Synthesiscited by 12
  11. 2025Mitigating Error Accumulation in Co-Speech Motion Generation via Global Rotation Diffusion and Multi-Level Constraintscited by 12
  12. 2025Co3Gesture: Towards Coherent Concurrent Co-speech 3D Gesture Generation with Interactive Diffusioncited by 9
28 more
  1. 2025Social Agent: Mastering Dyadic Nonverbal Behavior Generation via Conversational LLM Agentscited by 8
  2. 2023BOTH2Hands: Inferring 3D Hands from Both Text Prompts and Body Dynamicscited by 7
  3. 2024Affective Behaviour Analysis via Progressive Learningcited by 7
  4. 2026DyaDiT: A Multi-Modal Diffusion Transformer for Socially Favorable Dyadic Gesture Generationcited by 7
  5. 2026PersonaGesture: Single-Reference Co-Speech Gesture Personalization for Unseen Speakerscited by 7
  6. 2024Combo: Co-speech holistic 3D human motion generation and efficient customizable adaptation in harmonycited by 6
  7. 2025DanceEditor: Towards Iterative Editable Music-driven Dance Generation with Open-Vocabulary Descriptionscited by 6
  8. 2025Text-Driven 3D Hand Motion Generation from Sign Language Datacited by 5
  9. 2025TalkCuts: A Large-Scale Dataset for Multi-Shot Human Speech Video Generationcited by 4
  10. 2025CoordSpeaker: Exploiting Gesture Captioning for Coordinated Caption-Empowered Co-Speech Gesture Generationcited by 4
  11. 2025Cosh-DiT: Co-Speech Gesture Video Synthesis via Hybrid Audio-Visual Diffusion Transformerscited by 3
  12. 2026PhysDrift: Bridging the Embodiment Gap in Humanoid Co-Speech Motion Generationcited by 3
  13. 2023C2G2: Controllable Co-speech Gesture Generation with Latent Diffusion Modelcited by 2
  14. 2024CoCoGesture: Toward Coherent Co-speech 3D Gesture Generation in the Wildcited by 2
  15. 2025VividListener: Expressive and Controllable Listener Dynamics Modeling for Multi-Modal Responsive Interactioncited by 2
  16. 2025Biomechanics-Guided Residual Approach to Generalizable Human Motion Generation and Estimationcited by 1
  17. 20263DGesPolicy: Phoneme-Aware Holistic Co-Speech Gesture Generation Based on Action Controlcited by 1
  18. 2026Learning Context-Adaptive Motion Priors for Masked Motion Diffusion Models with Efficient Kinematic Attention Aggregationcited by 1
  19. 2026PersonaGest: Personalized Co-Speech Gesture Generation with Semantic-Guided Hierarchical Motion Representationcited by 1
  20. 2024Large Body Language Modelscited by 0
  21. 20257ABAW-Compound Expression Recognition via Curriculum Learningcited by 0
  22. 2025AsynFusion: Towards Asynchronous Latent Consistency Models for Decoupled Whole-Body Audio-Driven Avatarscited by 0
  23. 2025Co-speech Gesture Video Generation via Motion-Based Graph Retrievalcited by 0
  24. 2026RA-SSU: Towards Fine-Grained Audio-Visual Learning with Region-Aware Sound Source Understandingcited by 0
  25. 2026NOUS: Video-Driven 3D Human Reaction Generation via Observation-Reaction Mutual Steeringcited by 0
  26. 2026SiGnature: Explicit Motion Diffusion for Stylized Semantic Gesturecited by 0
  27. 2026Generative Learning as a Tool to Improve Perception of Emotional Body Motion Expressionscited by 0
  28. 2026InteractGesture: Progressive Chunk Guidance for Continuous Streaming Co-Speech Gesture Controlcited by 0