BAD-NeRF: Bundle Adjusted Deblur Neural Radiance Fields
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Abstract (arXiv)
Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF) have received considerable attention recently, due to its impressive capability in photo-realistic 3D reconstruction and novel view synthesis, given a set of posed camera images. Earlier work usually assumes the input images are of good quality. However, image degradation (e.g. image motion blur in low-light conditions) can easily happen in real-world scenarios, which would further affect the rendering quality of NeRF. In this paper, we present a novel bundle adjusted deblur Neural Radiance Fields (BAD-NeRF), which can be robust to severe motion blurred images and inaccurate camera poses. Our approach models the physical image formation process of a motion blurred image, and jointly learns the parameters of NeRF and recovers the camera motion trajectories during exposure time. In experiments, we show that by directly modeling the real physical image formation process, BAD-NeRF achieves superior performance over prior works on both synthetic and real datasets. Code and data are available at https://github.com/WU-CVGL/BAD-NeRF.
Key facts. Cited by 80 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 45 of its 71 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 23 Nov 2022.
Builds on
45 of 71 references.
References · 45
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- 2018The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metriccited by 11,029
- 2022Instant Neural Graphics Primitives with a Multiresolution Hash Encodingcited by 3,698
- 2020D-NeRF: Neural Radiance Fields for Dynamic Scenescited by 1,459
- 2020NeRF in the Wild: Neural Radiance Fields for Unconstrained Photo Collectionscited by 1,230
- 2020Nerfies: Deformable Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 1,194
- 2021PlenOctrees for Real-time Rendering of Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 904
- 2021Multi-Stage Progressive Image Restorationcited by 813
- 2020GIRAFFE: Representing Scenes as Compositional Generative Neural Feature Fieldscited by 784
- 2016Deep Multi-scale Convolutional Neural Network for Dynamic Scene Deblurringcited by 722
- 2022Block-NeRF: Scalable Large Scene Neural View Synthesiscited by 720
- 2021KiloNeRF: Speeding up Neural Radiance Fields with Thousands of Tiny MLPscited by 672
33 more
- 2021BARF: Bundle-Adjusting Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 641
- 2020Neural Body: Implicit Neural Representations with Structured Latent Codes for Novel View Synthesis of Dynamic Humanscited by 634
- 2021FastNeRF: High-Fidelity Neural Rendering at 200FPScited by 510
- 2020NeRV: Neural Reflectance and Visibility Fields for Relighting and View Synthesiscited by 493
- 2022HumanNeRF: Free-viewpoint Rendering of Moving People from Monocular Videocited by 483
- 2021StyleNeRF: A Style-based 3D-Aware Generator for High-resolution Image Synthesiscited by 477
- 2020Dynamic Neural Radiance Fields for Monocular 4D Facial Avatar Reconstructioncited by 465
- 2020NeRD: Neural Reflectance Decomposition from Image Collectionscited by 446
- 2020Space-time Neural Irradiance Fields for Free-Viewpoint Videocited by 414
- 2021Mega-NeRF: Scalable Construction of Large-Scale NeRFs for Virtual Fly-Throughscited by 396
- 2021CLIP-NeRF: Text-and-Image Driven Manipulation of Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 369
- 2019DeblurGAN-v2: Deblurring (Orders-of-Magnitude) Faster and Bettercited by 361
- 2021Animatable Neural Radiance Fields for Modeling Dynamic Human Bodiescited by 361
- 2021NeRF in the Dark: High Dynamic Range View Synthesis from Noisy Raw Imagescited by 336
- 2018Scale-recurrent Network for Deep Image Deblurringcited by 332
- 2021StyleSDF: High-Resolution 3D-Consistent Image and Geometry Generationcited by 289
- 2021Learning Object-Compositional Neural Radiance Field for Editable Scene Renderingcited by 228
- 2021Editing Conditional Radiance Fieldscited by 222
- 2021GRAM: Generative Radiance Manifolds for 3D-Aware Image Generationcited by 216
- 2022NeRF-Editing: Geometry Editing of Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 216
- 2021NeX: Real-time View Synthesis with Neural Basis Expansioncited by 215
- 2021Self-Calibrating Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 204
- 2020Neural Reflectance Fields for Appearance Acquisitioncited by 196
- 2021Deblur-NeRF: Neural Radiance Fields from Blurry Imagescited by 179
- 2020DeRF: Decomposed Radiance Fieldscited by 163
- 2021NeRS: Neural Reflectance Surfaces for Sparse-view 3D Reconstruction in the Wildcited by 136
- 2022RigNeRF: Fully Controllable Neural 3D Portraitscited by 126
- 2021HDR-NeRF: High Dynamic Range Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 113
- 2021TermiNeRF: Ray Termination Prediction for Efficient Neural Renderingcited by 70
- 2022PS-NeRF: Neural Inverse Rendering for Multi-view Photometric Stereocited by 69
- 2021Recurrent Video Deblurring with Blur-Invariant Motion Estimation and Pixel Volumescited by 41
- 2021MBA-VO: Motion Blur Aware Visual Odometrycited by 16
- 2017Joint Estimation of Camera Pose, Depth, Deblurring, and Super-Resolution from a Blurred Image Sequencecited by 14
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 7; 2024: 39; 2025: 21; 2026: 13.
80 papers.
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- 2023Deformable 3D Gaussians for High-Fidelity Monocular Dynamic Scene Reconstructioncited by 753
- 2024Spec-Gaussian: Anisotropic View-Dependent Appearance for 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 73
- 2024Deblurring 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 66
- 2024BAD-Gaussians: Bundle Adjusted Deblur Gaussian Splattingcited by 61
- 2024EvaGaussians: Event Stream Assisted Gaussian Splatting from Blurry Imagescited by 56
- 2024BAGS: Blur Agnostic Gaussian Splatting through Multi-Scale Kernel Modelingcited by 42
- 2023ExBluRF: Efficient Radiance Fields for Extreme Motion Blurred Imagescited by 38
- 2024Mitigating Motion Blur in Neural Radiance Fields with Events and Framescited by 31
- 2024Gaussian Splatting on the Move: Blur and Rolling Shutter Compensation for Natural Camera Motioncited by 29
- 2024UW-GS: Distractor-Aware 3D Gaussian Splatting for Enhanced Underwater Scene Reconstructioncited by 23
- 2024IncEventGS: Pose-Free Gaussian Splatting from a Single Event Cameracited by 20
- 2024Deblur4DGS: 4D Gaussian Splatting from Blurry Monocular Videocited by 20
38 more
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- 2025BARD-GS: Blur-Aware Reconstruction of Dynamic Scenes via Gaussian Splattingcited by 18
- 2024DyBluRF: Dynamic Neural Radiance Fields from Blurry Monocular Videocited by 17
- 2024LuSh-NeRF: Lighting up and Sharpening NeRFs for Low-light Scenescited by 16
- 2024BeNeRF: Neural Radiance Fields from a Single Blurry Image and Event Streamcited by 15
- 2025DiET-GS: Diffusion Prior and Event Stream-Assisted Motion Deblurring 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 14
- 2024Sharp-NeRF: Grid-based Fast Deblurring Neural Radiance Fields Using Sharpness Priorcited by 12
- 2024Neural Radiance Field-based Visual Rendering: A Comprehensive Reviewcited by 12
- 2024DeblurGS: Gaussian Splatting for Camera Motion Blurcited by 12
- 2024TrackNeRF: Bundle Adjusting NeRF from Sparse and Noisy Views via Feature Trackscited by 12
- 2023USB-NeRF: Unrolling Shutter Bundle Adjusted Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 11
- 2025MoBGS: Motion Deblurring Dynamic 3D Gaussian Splatting for Blurry Monocular Videocited by 11
- 2024Deblur e-NeRF: NeRF from Motion-Blurred Events under High-speed or Low-light Conditionscited by 10
- 2025The NeRF Signature: Codebook-Aided Watermarking for Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 10
- 2023MoBluRF: Motion Deblurring Neural Radiance Fields for Blurry Monocular Videocited by 9
- 2024DerainNeRF: 3D Scene Estimation with Adhesive Waterdrop Removalcited by 9
- 2024RS-NeRF: Neural Radiance Fields from Rolling Shutter Imagescited by 8
- 2024E3NeRF: Efficient Event-Enhanced Neural Radiance Fields from Blurry Imagescited by 8
- 2025Dynamic Scene Reconstruction: Recent Advance in Real-time Rendering and Streamingcited by 8
- 2023FPO++: Efficient Encoding and Rendering of Dynamic Neural Radiance Fields by Analyzing and Enhancing Fourier PlenOctreescited by 7
- 2025Exploiting Deblurring Networks for Radiance Fieldscited by 7
- 2025CoMoGaussian: Continuous Motion-Aware Gaussian Splatting from Motion-Blurred Imagescited by 7
- 2024SMURF: Continuous Dynamics for Motion-Deblurring Radiance Fieldscited by 6
- 2024Spike-NeRF: Neural Radiance Field Based On Spike Cameracited by 6
- 2024Motion-Aware Animatable Gaussian Avatars Deblurringcited by 6
- 2025DoF-Gaussian: Controllable Depth-of-Field for 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 6
- 2025EBAD-Gaussian: Event-driven Bundle Adjusted Deblur Gaussian Splattingcited by 6
- 2024FusionRF: High-Fidelity Satellite Neural Radiance Fields from Multispectral and Panchromatic Acquisitionscited by 5
- 2025SIR-DIFF: Sparse Image Sets Restoration with Multi-View Diffusion Modelcited by 5
- 2024RaFE: Generative Radiance Fields Restorationcited by 4
- 2024Dual-Camera Smooth Zoom on Mobile Phonescited by 4
- 2024Sparse-DeRF: Deblurred Neural Radiance Fields from Sparse Viewcited by 4
- 2024I2-SLAM: Inverting Imaging Process for Robust Photorealistic Dense SLAMcited by 4
- 2024LSE-NeRF: Learning Sensor Modeling Errors for Deblured Neural Radiance Fields with RGB-Event Stereocited by 4
- 2024SCINeRF: Neural Radiance Fields from a Snapshot Compressive Imagecited by 3
- 2024USP-Gaussian: Unifying Spike-based Image Reconstruction, Pose Correction and Gaussian Splattingcited by 3
- 2025Breaking the Vicious Cycle: Coherent 3D Gaussian Splatting from Sparse and Motion-Blurred Viewscited by 3
- 2024CoCoGaussian: Leveraging Circle of Confusion for Gaussian Splatting from Defocused Imagescited by 2
50 most cited of 80 All 80 (JSON)
- 2026WS-NeRF: A Mamba-Driven World-State-Aware Adaptive Deblurring Neural Radiance Field18 Sep 2026
- 2026Scanline-Aware Animatable Gaussian Avatars from Rolling-Shutter Videos18 Aug 2026
- 2026CasDeblurGS: Cascaded 2D-to-3D Multi-View Consistency for 3D Gaussian Splatting from Two Blurry Images11 Aug 2026
- 2026Splat-based 3D Scene Reconstruction with Extreme Motion-blur18 Jul 2026
- 2026JADE-GS: Joint Allocation of Deblurring Evidence for Event-Assisted 3D Gaussian Splatting16 Jul 2026
- 2026PRISM3D: Probabilistic Refinement and Robust Initialization for Physically Consistent Scene Modeling under Extreme Motion Blur4 Jul 2026
- 2026DeblurNVS: Geometric Latent Diffusion for Novel View Synthesis from Sparse Motion-Blurred Images31 May 2026
- 2026AsyncEvGS: Asynchronous Event-Assisted Gaussian Splatting for Handheld Motion-Blurred Scenes8 May 2026
- 2026RayFormer: Modeling Inter- and Intra-Ray Similarity for NeRF-Based Video Snapshot Compressive Imaging30 Apr 2026
- 2026Fast Low-light Enhancement and Deblurring for 3D Dark Scenes9 Mar 2026
- 2026Event-Aided Sharp Radiance Field Reconstruction for Fast-Flying Drones24 Feb 2026
- 2026RU4D-SLAM: Reweighting Uncertainty in Gaussian Splatting SLAM for 4D Scene Reconstruction24 Feb 2026
38 more
- 2026Seeing through Light and Darkness: Sensor-Physics Grounded Deblurring HDR NeRF from Single-Exposure Images and Events21 Jan 2026
- 2025RealX3D: A Physically-Degraded 3D Benchmark for Multi-view Visual Restoration and Reconstruction29 Dec 2025
- 2025Breaking the Vicious Cycle: Coherent 3D Gaussian Splatting from Sparse and Motion-Blurred Views11 Dec 2025
- 2025DeblurSplat: SfM-free 3D Gaussian Splatting with Event Camera for Robust Deblurring23 Sep 2025
- 2025UPGS: Unified Pose-aware Gaussian Splatting for Dynamic Scene Deblurring31 Aug 2025
- 2025GeMS: Efficient Gaussian Splatting for Extreme Motion Blur20 Aug 2025
- 2025Dynamic View Synthesis from Small Camera Motion Videos29 Jun 2025
- 2025PhotonSplat: 3D Scene Reconstruction and Colorization from SPAD Sensors26 Jun 2025
- 2025DBMovi-GS: Dynamic View Synthesis from Blurry Monocular Video via Sparse-Controlled Gaussian Splatting26 Jun 2025
- 2025MGStream: Motion-aware 3D Gaussian for Streamable Dynamic Scene Reconstruction20 May 2025
- 2025MoBGS: Motion Deblurring Dynamic 3D Gaussian Splatting for Blurry Monocular Video21 Apr 2025
- 2025EBAD-Gaussian: Event-driven Bundle Adjusted Deblur Gaussian Splatting14 Apr 2025
- 2025DiET-GS: Diffusion Prior and Event Stream-Assisted Motion Deblurring 3D Gaussian Splatting31 Mar 2025
- 2025BARD-GS: Blur-Aware Reconstruction of Dynamic Scenes via Gaussian Splatting20 Mar 2025
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- 2025Deblur Gaussian Splatting SLAM16 Mar 2025
- 2025Dynamic Scene Reconstruction: Recent Advance in Real-time Rendering and Streaming11 Mar 2025
- 2025CoMoGaussian: Continuous Motion-Aware Gaussian Splatting from Motion-Blurred Images7 Mar 2025
- 2025DoF-Gaussian: Controllable Depth-of-Field for 3D Gaussian Splatting2 Mar 2025
- 2025The NeRF Signature: Codebook-Aided Watermarking for Neural Radiance Fields26 Feb 2025
- 2025Exploiting Deblurring Networks for Radiance Fields20 Feb 2025
- 2025Deblur-Avatar: Animatable Avatars from Motion-Blurred Monocular Videos23 Jan 2025
- 2024BeSplat: Gaussian Splatting from a Single Blurry Image and Event Stream26 Dec 2024
- 2024CoCoGaussian: Leveraging Circle of Confusion for Gaussian Splatting from Defocused Images20 Dec 2024
- 2024Deblur4DGS: 4D Gaussian Splatting from Blurry Monocular Video9 Dec 2024
- 2024Motion-Aware Animatable Gaussian Avatars Deblurring24 Nov 2024
- 2024Towards Degradation-Robust Reconstruction in Generalizable NeRF18 Nov 2024
- 2024USP-Gaussian: Unifying Spike-based Image Reconstruction, Pose Correction and Gaussian Splatting15 Nov 2024
- 2024MBA-SLAM: Motion Blur Aware Gaussian Splatting SLAM13 Nov 2024
- 2024LuSh-NeRF: Lighting up and Sharpening NeRFs for Low-light Scenes11 Nov 2024
- 2024IncEventGS: Pose-Free Gaussian Splatting from a Single Event Camera10 Oct 2024
- 2024UW-GS: Distractor-Aware 3D Gaussian Splatting for Enhanced Underwater Scene Reconstruction2 Oct 2024
- 2024Deblur e-NeRF: NeRF from Motion-Blurred Events under High-speed or Low-light Conditions26 Sep 2024
- 2024FusionRF: High-Fidelity Satellite Neural Radiance Fields from Multispectral and Panchromatic Acquisitions23 Sep 2024
- 2024LSE-NeRF: Learning Sensor Modeling Errors for Deblured Neural Radiance Fields with RGB-Event Stereo9 Sep 2024
- 2024Free-DyGS: Camera-Pose-Free Scene Reconstruction for Dynamic Surgical Videos with Gaussian Splatting2 Sep 2024
- 2024TrackNeRF: Bundle Adjusting NeRF from Sparse and Noisy Views via Feature Tracks20 Aug 2024
- 2024E3NeRF: Efficient Event-Enhanced Neural Radiance Fields from Blurry Images3 Aug 2024
50 newest of 80 All 80 (JSON)
- 2025DiET-GS: Diffusion Prior and Event Stream-Assisted Motion Deblurring 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 14
- 2025SIR-DIFF: Sparse Image Sets Restoration with Multi-View Diffusion Modelcited by 5
- 2026DeblurNVS: Geometric Latent Diffusion for Novel View Synthesis from Sparse Motion-Blurred Imagescited by 0
- 2026DeblurNVS: Geometric Latent Diffusion for Novel View Synthesis from Sparse Motion-Blurred Images31 May 2026
- 2025DiET-GS: Diffusion Prior and Event Stream-Assisted Motion Deblurring 3D Gaussian Splatting31 Mar 2025
- 2025SIR-DIFF: Sparse Image Sets Restoration with Multi-View Diffusion Model18 Mar 2025
- 2023Deformable 3D Gaussians for High-Fidelity Monocular Dynamic Scene Reconstructioncited by 753
- 2024Spec-Gaussian: Anisotropic View-Dependent Appearance for 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 73
- 2024Deblurring 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 66
- 2024BAD-Gaussians: Bundle Adjusted Deblur Gaussian Splattingcited by 61
- 2024EvaGaussians: Event Stream Assisted Gaussian Splatting from Blurry Imagescited by 56
- 2024BAGS: Blur Agnostic Gaussian Splatting through Multi-Scale Kernel Modelingcited by 42
- 2023ExBluRF: Efficient Radiance Fields for Extreme Motion Blurred Imagescited by 38
- 2024Mitigating Motion Blur in Neural Radiance Fields with Events and Framescited by 31
- 2024Gaussian Splatting on the Move: Blur and Rolling Shutter Compensation for Natural Camera Motioncited by 29
- 2024UW-GS: Distractor-Aware 3D Gaussian Splatting for Enhanced Underwater Scene Reconstructioncited by 23
- 2024IncEventGS: Pose-Free Gaussian Splatting from a Single Event Cameracited by 20
- 2024Deblur4DGS: 4D Gaussian Splatting from Blurry Monocular Videocited by 20
12 most cited of 76 All 76 (JSON)
- 2026Scanline-Aware Animatable Gaussian Avatars from Rolling-Shutter Videos18 Aug 2026
- 2026CasDeblurGS: Cascaded 2D-to-3D Multi-View Consistency for 3D Gaussian Splatting from Two Blurry Images11 Aug 2026
- 2026Splat-based 3D Scene Reconstruction with Extreme Motion-blur18 Jul 2026
- 2026JADE-GS: Joint Allocation of Deblurring Evidence for Event-Assisted 3D Gaussian Splatting16 Jul 2026
- 2026PRISM3D: Probabilistic Refinement and Robust Initialization for Physically Consistent Scene Modeling under Extreme Motion Blur4 Jul 2026
- 2026AsyncEvGS: Asynchronous Event-Assisted Gaussian Splatting for Handheld Motion-Blurred Scenes8 May 2026
- 2026RayFormer: Modeling Inter- and Intra-Ray Similarity for NeRF-Based Video Snapshot Compressive Imaging30 Apr 2026
- 2026Fast Low-light Enhancement and Deblurring for 3D Dark Scenes9 Mar 2026
- 2026Event-Aided Sharp Radiance Field Reconstruction for Fast-Flying Drones24 Feb 2026
- 2026RU4D-SLAM: Reweighting Uncertainty in Gaussian Splatting SLAM for 4D Scene Reconstruction24 Feb 2026
- 2026Seeing through Light and Darkness: Sensor-Physics Grounded Deblurring HDR NeRF from Single-Exposure Images and Events21 Jan 2026
- 2025RealX3D: A Physically-Degraded 3D Benchmark for Multi-view Visual Restoration and Reconstruction29 Dec 2025
12 newest of 76 All 76 (JSON)