mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

HDR-NeRF: High Dynamic Range Neural Radiance Fields

arXiv 2111.14451 ↗First posted 29 Nov 2021cs.CVcited by 114

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Abstract (arXiv)

We present High Dynamic Range Neural Radiance Fields (HDR-NeRF) to recover an HDR radiance field from a set of low dynamic range (LDR) views with different exposures. Using the HDR-NeRF, we are able to generate both novel HDR views and novel LDR views under different exposures. The key to our method is to model the physical imaging process, which dictates that the radiance of a scene point transforms to a pixel value in the LDR image with two implicit functions: a radiance field and a tone mapper. The radiance field encodes the scene radiance (values vary from 0 to +infty), which outputs the density and radiance of a ray by giving corresponding ray origin and ray direction. The tone mapper models the mapping process that a ray hitting on the camera sensor becomes a pixel value. The color of the ray is predicted by feeding the radiance and the corresponding exposure time into the tone mapper. We use the classic volume rendering technique to project the output radiance, colors, and densities into HDR and LDR images, while only the input LDR images are used as the supervision. We collect a new forward-facing HDR dataset to evaluate the proposed method. Experimental results on synthetic and real-world scenes validate that our method can not only accurately control the exposures of synthesized views but also render views with a high dynamic range.

Key facts. Cited by 114 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 31 of its 72 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 29 Nov 2021.

Builds on

31 of 72 references.

References · 31

  1. 2014Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimizationcited by 37,240
  2. 2018The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metriccited by 11,177
  3. 2021Mip-NeRF: A Multiscale Representation for Anti-Aliasing Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 1,964
  4. 2020pixelNeRF: Neural Radiance Fields from One or Few Imagescited by 1,584
  5. 2020D-NeRF: Neural Radiance Fields for Dynamic Scenescited by 1,465
  6. 2020NeRF in the Wild: Neural Radiance Fields for Unconstrained Photo Collectionscited by 1,232
  7. 2020Nerfies: Deformable Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 1,198
  8. 2020Neural Scene Flow Fields for Space-Time View Synthesis of Dynamic Scenescited by 751
  9. 2020NeRV: Neural Reflectance and Visibility Fields for Relighting and View Synthesiscited by 496
  10. 2020NeRD: Neural Reflectance Decomposition from Image Collectionscited by 449
  11. 2020Space-time Neural Irradiance Fields for Free-Viewpoint Videocited by 414
  12. 2018DeepVoxels: Learning Persistent 3D Feature Embeddingscited by 405
19 more
  1. 2021NeRF in the Dark: High Dynamic Range View Synthesis from Noisy Raw Imagescited by 336
  2. 2020Neural Radiance Flow for 4D View Synthesis and Video Processingcited by 270
  3. 2019DeepView: View Synthesis with Learned Gradient Descentcited by 253
  4. 2021Learning Object-Compositional Neural Radiance Field for Editable Scene Renderingcited by 228
  5. 2018Stereo Magnification: Learning View Synthesis using Multiplane Imagescited by 211
  6. 2016Learning a Predictable and Generative Vector Representation for Objectscited by 173
  7. 2017HDR image reconstruction from a single exposure using deep CNNscited by 167
  8. 2021Editable Free-viewpoint Video Using a Layered Neural Representationcited by 148
  9. 2019Attention-guided Network for Ghost-free High Dynamic Range Imagingcited by 117
  10. 2017Deep High Dynamic Range Imaging with Large Foreground Motionscited by 99
  11. 2018Extreme View Synthesiscited by 94
  12. 2020Object-Centric Neural Scene Renderingcited by 90
  13. 2019C-Flow: Conditional Generative Flow Models for Images and 3D Point Cloudscited by 50
  14. 2017O-CNN: Octree-based Convolutional Neural Networks for 3D Shape Analysiscited by 47
  15. 2019A Neural Rendering Framework for Free-Viewpoint Relightingcited by 27
  16. 2018A System for Acquiring, Processing, and Rendering Panoramic Light Field Stills for Virtual Realitycited by 24
  17. 2019FHDR: HDR Image Reconstruction from a Single LDR Image using Feedback Networkcited by 22
  18. 2020End-to-End Differentiable Learning to HDR Image Synthesis for Multi-exposure Imagescited by 15
  19. 2021ADOP: Approximate Differentiable One-Pixel Point Renderingcited by 9

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2022: 12; 2023: 35; 2024: 36; 2025: 23; 2026: 8.

114 papers.

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  1. 2023DrivingGaussian: Composite Gaussian Splatting for Surrounding Dynamic Autonomous Driving Scenescited by 360
  2. 2023MatrixCity: A Large-scale City Dataset for City-scale Neural Rendering and Beyondcited by 185
  3. 2022NeRF: Neural Radiance Field in 3D Vision: A Comprehensive Review (Updated Post-Gaussian Splatting)cited by 158
  4. 2024textitS3Gaussian: Self-Supervised Street Gaussians for Autonomous Drivingcited by 105
  5. 2022EventNeRF: Neural Radiance Fields from a Single Colour Event Cameracited by 92
  6. 2023Language Embedded Radiance Fields for Zero-Shot Task-Oriented Graspingcited by 91
  7. 2022BAD-NeRF: Bundle Adjusted Deblur Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 80
  8. 2023FINER: Flexible spectral-bias tuning in Implicit NEural Representation by Variable-periodic Activation Functionscited by 78
  9. 2023SeaThru-NeRF: Neural Radiance Fields in Scattering Mediacited by 75
  10. 2022DP-NeRF: Deblurred Neural Radiance Field with Physical Scene Priorscited by 70
  11. 2024Analytic-Splatting: Anti-Aliased 3D Gaussian Splatting via Analytic Integrationcited by 67
  12. 2024Advances in 3D Generation: A Surveycited by 63
38 more
  1. 2022Local-to-Global Registration for Bundle-Adjusting Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 58
  2. 2024Wild-GS: Real-Time Novel View Synthesis from Unconstrained Photo Collectionscited by 56
  3. 2024BAGS: Blur Agnostic Gaussian Splatting through Multi-Scale Kernel Modelingcited by 42
  4. 2022HDR-Plenoxels: Self-Calibrating High Dynamic Range Radiance Fieldscited by 40
  5. 2023Lighting up NeRF via Unsupervised Decomposition and Enhancementcited by 40
  6. 2023Aleth-NeRF: Illumination Adaptive NeRF with Concealing Field Assumptioncited by 35
  7. 2024HDR-GS: Efficient High Dynamic Range Novel View Synthesis at 1000x Speed via Gaussian Splattingcited by 35
  8. 2024Mitigating Motion Blur in Neural Radiance Fields with Events and Framescited by 31
  9. 2024Lighting Every Darkness with 3DGS: Fast Training and Real-Time Rendering for HDR View Synthesiscited by 27
  10. 2022DoF-NeRF: Depth-of-Field Meets Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 26
  11. 2023RecolorNeRF: Layer Decomposed Radiance Fields for Efficient Color Editing of 3D Scenescited by 25
  12. 2023Anti-Aliased Neural Implicit Surfaces with Encoding Level of Detailcited by 23
  13. 2025GaussGym: An open-source real-to-sim framework for learning locomotion from pixelscited by 22
  14. 2022GlowGAN: Unsupervised Learning of HDR Images from LDR Images in the Wildcited by 21
  15. 2024FruitNeRF: A Unified Neural Radiance Field based Fruit Counting Frameworkcited by 21
  16. 2024IRIS: Inverse Rendering of Indoor Scenes from Low Dynamic Range Imagescited by 20
  17. 2024Segment Any 4D Gaussianscited by 20
  18. 2024Gaussian in the Dark: Real-Time View Synthesis From Inconsistent Dark Images Using Gaussian Splattingcited by 20
  19. 2023Local Implicit Ray Function for Generalizable Radiance Field Representationcited by 19
  20. 2023SIRe-IR: Inverse Rendering for BRDF Reconstruction with Shadow and Illumination Removal in High-Illuminance Scenescited by 19
  21. 2025RealX3D: A Physically-Degraded 3D Benchmark for Multi-view Visual Restoration and Reconstructioncited by 19
  22. 2024DyBluRF: Dynamic Neural Radiance Fields from Blurry Monocular Videocited by 17
  23. 2023Implicit Event-RGBD Neural SLAMcited by 16
  24. 2024Robust Gaussian Splattingcited by 16
  25. 2022Exact-NeRF: An Exploration of a Precise Volumetric Parameterization for Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 15
  26. 2023The Age of Synthetic Realities: Challenges and Opportunitiescited by 15
  27. 2024Bracket Diffusion: HDR Image Generation by Consistent LDR Denoisingcited by 15
  28. 2023Beyond the Pixel: a Photometrically Calibrated HDR Dataset for Luminance and Color Predictioncited by 14
  29. 2025DiET-GS: Diffusion Prior and Event Stream-Assisted Motion Deblurring 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 14
  30. 2023Open-NeRF: Towards Open Vocabulary NeRF Decompositioncited by 13
  31. 2024Fast High Dynamic Range Radiance Fields for Dynamic Scenescited by 13
  32. 2024Leveraging Thermal Modality to Enhance Reconstruction in Low-Light Conditionscited by 12
  33. 2024Cinematic Gaussians: Real-Time HDR Radiance Fields with Depth of Fieldcited by 12
  34. 2024Reference-based Controllable Scene Stylization with Gaussian Splattingcited by 12
  35. 2025Neural Radiance Fields for the Real World: A Surveycited by 12
  36. 2025GaSLight: Gaussian Splats for Spatially-Varying Lighting in HDRcited by 12
  37. 2022NeAT: Neural Adaptive Tomographycited by 11
  38. 2022Casual Indoor HDR Radiance Capture from Omnidirectional Imagescited by 11

50 most cited of 114 All 114 (JSON)