mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

HAHA: Highly Articulated Gaussian Human Avatars with Textured Mesh Prior

arXiv 2404.01053 ↗First posted 1 Apr 2024cs.CVcited by 31

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Abstract (arXiv)

We present HAHA - a novel approach for animatable human avatar generation from monocular input videos. The proposed method relies on learning the trade-off between the use of Gaussian splatting and a textured mesh for efficient and high fidelity rendering. We demonstrate its efficiency to animate and render full-body human avatars controlled via the SMPL-X parametric model. Our model learns to apply Gaussian splatting only in areas of the SMPL-X mesh where it is necessary, like hair and out-of-mesh clothing. This results in a minimal number of Gaussians being used to represent the full avatar, and reduced rendering artifacts. This allows us to handle the animation of small body parts such as fingers that are traditionally disregarded. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on two open datasets: SnapshotPeople and X-Humans. Our method demonstrates on par reconstruction quality to the state-of-the-art on SnapshotPeople, while using less than a third of Gaussians. HAHA outperforms previous state-of-the-art on novel poses from X-Humans both quantitatively and qualitatively.

Key facts. Cited by 31 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 51 of its 66 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 1 Apr 2024.

Builds on

51 of 66 references.

References · 51

  1. 2014Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimizationcited by 37,240
  2. 2018The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metriccited by 11,177
  3. 20233D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Radiance Field Renderingcited by 6,226
  4. 2016V-Net: Fully Convolutional Neural Networks for Volumetric Medical Image Segmentationcited by 2,292
  5. 2019Expressive Body Capture: 3D Hands, Face, and Body from a Single Imagecited by 1,612
  6. 2019PIFu: Pixel-Aligned Implicit Function for High-Resolution Clothed Human Digitizationcited by 818
  7. 2023Dynamic 3D Gaussians: Tracking by Persistent Dynamic View Synthesiscited by 737
  8. 2023Mip-Splatting: Alias-free 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 667
  9. 2020Neural Body: Implicit Neural Representations with Structured Latent Codes for Novel View Synthesis of Dynamic Humanscited by 634
  10. 2019VIBE: Video Inference for Human Body Pose and Shape Estimationcited by 620
  11. 2020Modular Primitives for High-Performance Differentiable Renderingcited by 441
  12. 2023GaussianAvatars: Photorealistic Head Avatars with Rigged 3D Gaussianscited by 260
38 more
  1. 2023GaussianShader: 3D Gaussian Splatting with Shading Functions for Reflective Surfacescited by 252
  2. 2018Video Based Reconstruction of 3D People Modelscited by 238
  3. 2020Monocular, One-stage, Regression of Multiple 3D Peoplecited by 218
  4. 2021Neural Head Avatars from Monocular RGB Videoscited by 213
  5. 20233DGS-Avatar: Animatable Avatars via Deformable 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 195
  6. 2023GaussianAvatar: Towards Realistic Human Avatar Modeling from a Single Video via Animatable 3D Gaussianscited by 191
  7. 20244D-Rotor Gaussian Splatting: Towards Efficient Novel View Synthesis for Dynamic Scenescited by 189
  8. 2021ARCH++: Animation-Ready Clothed Human Reconstruction Revisitedcited by 174
  9. 2023GPS-Gaussian: Generalizable Pixel-wise 3D Gaussian Splatting for Real-time Human Novel View Synthesiscited by 170
  10. 2019Learning to Reconstruct People in Clothing from a Single RGB Cameracited by 168
  11. 2023GauHuman: Articulated Gaussian Splatting from Monocular Human Videoscited by 168
  12. 2023HumanRF: High-Fidelity Neural Radiance Fields for Humans in Motioncited by 161
  13. 2022InstantAvatar: Learning Avatars from Monocular Video in 60 Secondscited by 138
  14. 2023Relightable Gaussian Codec Avatarscited by 127
  15. 2022Photorealistic Monocular 3D Reconstruction of Humans Wearing Clothingcited by 126
  16. 2023DynMF: Neural Motion Factorization for Real-time Dynamic View Synthesis with 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 124
  17. 2023GART: Gaussian Articulated Template Modelscited by 121
  18. 2023Drivable 3D Gaussian Avatarscited by 120
  19. 2018Detailed Human Avatars from Monocular Videocited by 109
  20. 2021Animatable Neural Radiance Fields from Monocular RGB Videoscited by 109
  21. 2023Human Gaussian Splatting: Real-time Rendering of Animatable Avatarscited by 105
  22. 2023ASH: Animatable Gaussian Splats for Efficient and Photoreal Human Renderingcited by 104
  23. 2023MonoGaussianAvatar: Monocular Gaussian Point-based Head Avatarcited by 89
  24. 2023MonoHuman: Animatable Human Neural Field from Monocular Videocited by 85
  25. 2023AvatarReX: Real-time Expressive Full-body Avatarscited by 84
  26. 2019Graphonomy: Universal Human Parsing via Graph Transfer Learningcited by 81
  27. 2023HiFi4G: High-Fidelity Human Performance Rendering via Compact Gaussian Splattingcited by 70
  28. 2024GaMeS: Mesh-Based Adapting and Modification of Gaussian Splattingcited by 70
  29. 2023X-Avatar: Expressive Human Avatarscited by 66
  30. 2021StylePeople: A Generative Model of Fullbody Human Avatarscited by 62
  31. 2023HeadGaS: Real-Time Animatable Head Avatars via 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 60
  32. 2020ANR: Articulated Neural Rendering for Virtual Avatarscited by 55
  33. 2024On the Error Analysis of 3D Gaussian Splatting and an Optimal Projection Strategycited by 39
  34. 2020Renovating Parsing R-CNN for Accurate Multiple Human Parsingcited by 37
  35. 2023SplatArmor: Articulated Gaussian splatting for animatable humans from monocular RGB videoscited by 35
  36. 2023DINAR: Diffusion Inpainting of Neural Textures for One-Shot Human Avatarscited by 28
  37. 2023Animatable and Relightable Gaussians for High-fidelity Human Avatar Modelingcited by 27
  38. 2023BakedAvatar: Baking Neural Fields for Real-Time Head Avatar Synthesiscited by 20

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 9; 2025: 16; 2026: 6.

31 papers.

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  1. 2024MoSca: Dynamic Gaussian Fusion from Casual Videos via 4D Motion Scaffoldscited by 179
  2. 2024HumanSplat: Generalizable Single-Image Human Gaussian Splatting with Structure Priorscited by 54
  3. 2025Vid2Avatar-Pro: Authentic Avatar from Videos in the Wild via Universal Priorcited by 31
  4. 2024BillBoard Splatting (BBSplat): Learnable Textured Primitives for Novel View Synthesiscited by 25
  5. 2024Expressive Gaussian Human Avatars from Monocular RGB Videocited by 21
  6. 2024GaussianDreamerPro: Text to Manipulable 3D Gaussians with Highly Enhanced Qualitycited by 18
  7. 2024FewViewGS: Gaussian Splatting with Few View Matching and Multi-stage Trainingcited by 18
  8. 2025Real-time High-fidelity Gaussian Human Avatars with Position-based Interpolation of Spatially Distributed MLPscited by 12
  9. 2024SqueezeMe: Mobile-Ready Distillation of Gaussian Full-Body Avatarscited by 11
  10. 2024Gaussian Head & Shoulders: High Fidelity Neural Upper Body Avatars with Anchor Gaussian Guided Texture Warpingcited by 4
  11. 2025SVG-Head: Hybrid Surface-Volumetric Gaussians for High-Fidelity Head Reconstruction and Real-Time Editingcited by 4
  12. 2025ContraGS: Codebook-Condensed and Trainable Gaussian Splatting for Fast, Memory-Efficient Reconstructioncited by 4
19 more
  1. 2025Parametric Gaussian Human Model: Generalizable Prior for Efficient and Realistic Human Avatar Modelingcited by 3
  2. 2025Deblur-Avatar: Animatable Avatars from Motion-Blurred Monocular Videoscited by 2
  3. 2025SVAD: From Single Image to 3D Avatar via Synthetic Data Generation with Video Diffusion and Data Augmentationcited by 2
  4. 2024SOAR: Self-Occluded Avatar Recovery from a Single Video In the Wildcited by 1
  5. 2025Hybrid Mesh-Gaussian Representation for Efficient Indoor Scene Reconstructioncited by 1
  6. 2025Learning Efficient and Generalizable Human Representation with Human Gaussian Modelcited by 1
  7. 2025On the Skinning of Gaussian Avatarscited by 1
  8. 2025Frequency-Decomposed Avatar Representation for Varying Camera Distancescited by 1
  9. 2026NBAvatar: Neural Billboards Avatars with Realistic Hand-Face Interactioncited by 1
  10. 2025GSAC: Leveraging Gaussian Splatting for Photorealistic Avatar Creation with Unity Integrationcited by 0
  11. 2025GaussianGAN: Real-Time Photorealistic controllable Human Avatarscited by 0
  12. 2025HumanCrafter: Synergizing Generalizable Human Reconstruction and Semantic 3D Segmentationcited by 0
  13. 2025SkelSplat: Robust Multi-view 3D Human Pose Estimation with Differentiable Gaussian Renderingcited by 0
  14. 2025Gaussian Pixel Codec Avatars: A Hybrid Representation for Efficient Renderingcited by 0
  15. 2026ShapeGaussian: High-Fidelity 4D Human Reconstruction in Monocular Videos via Vision Priorscited by 0
  16. 2026LiftAvatar: Kinematic-Space Completion for Expression-Controlled 3D Gaussian Avatar Animationcited by 0
  17. 2026Generator-Refiner-Examiner: A Tri-Module Data Augmentation Framework for 3D Human Avatar Learning from Monocular Videoscited by 0
  18. 2026T3HG-Editor: Text-driven 3D Human Garment Editing with Body Priors Embedded in SMPL-Xcited by 0
  19. 2026FlowAvatar: Real-Time Full-Body Avatars from Sparse Egocentric Inputs on Consumer XR Devicescited by 0