Synthesizing Physically Plausible Human Motions in 3D Scenes
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Abstract (arXiv)
We present a physics-based character control framework for synthesizing human-scene interactions. Recent advances adopt physics simulation to mitigate artifacts produced by data-driven kinematic approaches. However, existing physics-based methods mainly focus on single-object environments, resulting in limited applicability in realistic 3D scenes with multi-objects. To address such challenges, we propose a framework that enables physically simulated characters to perform long-term interaction tasks in diverse, cluttered, and unseen 3D scenes. The key idea is to decouple human-scene interactions into two fundamental processes, Interacting and Navigating, which motivates us to construct two reusable Controllers, namely InterCon and NavCon. Specifically, InterCon uses two complementary policies to enable characters to enter or leave the interacting state with a particular object (e.g., sitting on a chair or getting up). To realize navigation in cluttered environments, we introduce NavCon, where a trajectory following policy enables characters to track pre-planned collision-free paths. Benefiting from the divide and conquer strategy, we can train all policies in simple environments and directly apply them in complex multi-object scenes through coordination from a rule-based scheduler. Video and code are available at https://github.com/liangpan99/InterScene.
Key facts. Cited by 49 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 28 of its 53 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 17 Aug 2023.
Builds on
28 of 53 references.
References · 28
- 2019Expressive Body Capture: 3D Hands, Face, and Body from a Single Imagecited by 1,612
- 2016Generative Adversarial Imitation Learningcited by 1,597
- 2019AMASS: Archive of Motion Capture as Surface Shapescited by 1,236
- 2018On the Continuity of Rotation Representations in Neural Networkscited by 1,214
- 2022Human Motion Diffusion Modelcited by 1,080
- 2021Isaac Gym: High Performance GPU-Based Physics Simulation For Robot Learningcited by 998
- 20203D-FRONT: 3D Furnished Rooms with layOuts and semaNTicscited by 380
- 2023Diffusion-based Generation, Optimization, and Planning in 3D Scenescited by 239
- 2023Perpetual Humanoid Control for Real-time Simulated Avatarscited by 218
- 2021Stochastic Scene-Aware Motion Predictioncited by 203
- 2021Character Controllers Using Motion VAEscited by 184
- 2021GOAL: Generating 4D Whole-Body Motion for Hand-Object Graspingcited by 144
16 more
- 2023Trace and Pace: Controllable Pedestrian Animation via Guided Trajectory Diffusioncited by 138
- 2020Synthesizing Long-Term 3D Human Motion and Interaction in 3D Scenescited by 135
- 2022COUCH: Towards Controllable Human-Chair Interactionscited by 135
- 2023Synthesizing Diverse Human Motions in 3D Indoor Scenescited by 109
- 2023Synthesizing Physical Character-Scene Interactionscited by 104
- 2023CALM: Conditional Adversarial Latent Models for Directable Virtual Characterscited by 94
- 2021SAGA: Stochastic Whole-Body Grasping with Contactcited by 91
- 2022Towards Diverse and Natural Scene-aware 3D Human Motion Synthesiscited by 91
- 2021The Wanderings of Odysseus in 3D Scenescited by 59
- 2023Locomotion-Action-Manipulation: Synthesizing Human-Scene Interactions in Complex 3D Environmentscited by 51
- 2023PADL: Language-Directed Physics-Based Character Controlcited by 48
- 2023Hierarchical Planning and Control for Box Loco-Manipulationcited by 44
- 2019Learning to Sit: Synthesizing Human-Chair Interactions via Hierarchical Controlcited by 40
- 2023Generating Continual Human Motion in Diverse 3D Scenescited by 39
- 2022Neural MoCon: Neural Motion Control for Physically Plausible Human Motion Capturecited by 31
- 2021Discovering Diverse Athletic Jumping Strategiescited by 16
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 4; 2024: 16; 2025: 18; 2026: 11.
49 papers.
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- 2023InterDiff: Generating 3D Human-Object Interactions with Physics-Informed Diffusioncited by 182
- 2024Scaling Up Dynamic Human-Scene Interaction Modelingcited by 137
- 2023Unified Human-Scene Interaction via Prompted Chain-of-Contactscited by 94
- 2024MotionLLM: Understanding Human Behaviors from Human Motions and Videoscited by 90
- 2023PhysHOI: Physics-Based Imitation of Dynamic Human-Object Interactioncited by 76
- 2025InterMimic: Towards Universal Whole-Body Control for Physics-Based Human-Object Interactionscited by 72
- 2025Go to Zero: Towards Zero-shot Motion Generation with Million-scale Datacited by 68
- 2024InterDreamer: Zero-Shot Text to 3D Dynamic Human-Object Interactioncited by 64
- 2023MoConVQ: Unified Physics-Based Motion Control via Scalable Discrete Representationscited by 60
- 2025TokenHSI: Unified Synthesis of Physical Human-Scene Interactions through Task Tokenizationcited by 51
- 2024TAPTR: Tracking Any Point with Transformers as Detectioncited by 45
- 2024CooHOI: Learning Cooperative Human-Object Interaction with Manipulated Object Dynamicscited by 44
37 more
- 2025InterAct: Advancing Large-Scale Versatile 3D Human-Object Interaction Generationcited by 32
- 2024SkillMimic: Learning Basketball Interaction Skills from Demonstrationscited by 30
- 2024ReinDiffuse: Crafting Physically Plausible Motions with Reinforced Diffusion Modelcited by 26
- 2025A Survey on Human Interaction Motion Generationcited by 25
- 2025SkillMimic-V2: Learning Robust and Generalizable Interaction Skills from Sparse and Noisy Demonstrationscited by 25
- 20253D Scene Generation: A Surveycited by 24
- 2024Lodge++: High-quality and Long Dance Generation with Vivid Choreography Patternscited by 21
- 2025PhysHSI: Towards a Real-World Generalizable and Natural Humanoid-Scene Interaction Systemcited by 18
- 2024Mimicking-Bench: A Benchmark for Generalizable Humanoid-Scene Interaction Learning via Human Mimickingcited by 16
- 2024SCENIC: Scene-aware Semantic Navigation with Instruction-guided Controlcited by 13
- 2024SIMS: Simulating Stylized Human-Scene Interactions with Retrieval-Augmented Script Generationcited by 12
- 2025Human-Object Interaction via Automatically Designed VLM-Guided Motion Policycited by 12
- 2025CoDA: Coordinated Diffusion Noise Optimization for Whole-Body Manipulation of Articulated Objectscited by 12
- 2026InterPrior: Scaling Generative Control for Physics-Based Human-Object Interactionscited by 11
- 2024Physics-based Scene Layout Generation from Human Motioncited by 10
- 2024DICE: End-to-end Deformation Capture of Hand-Face Interactions from a Single Imagecited by 9
- 2024FORCE: Physics-aware Human-object Interactioncited by 7
- 20253D Human Interaction Generation: A Surveycited by 7
- 2025HumanMM: Global Human Motion Recovery from Multi-shot Videoscited by 6
- 2026TeamHOI: Learning a Unified Policy for Cooperative Human-Object Interactions with Any Team Sizecited by 5
- 2025Half-Physics: Enabling Kinematic 3D Human Model with Physical Interactionscited by 4
- 2025Uni-Inter: Unifying 3D Human Motion Synthesis Across Diverse Interaction Contextscited by 4
- 2024COLLAGE: Collaborative Human-Agent Interaction Generation using Hierarchical Latent Diffusion and Language Modelscited by 3
- 2026InfBaGel: Human-Object-Scene Interaction Generation with Dynamic Perception and Iterative Refinementcited by 3
- 2025Scalable RF Simulation in Generative 4D Worldscited by 2
- 2026Dex2HOI: Dexterous Bimanual Two-Object Interaction Generationcited by 2
- 2024Kinematics-based 3D Human-Object Interaction Reconstruction from Single Viewcited by 1
- 2025RESCUE: Crowd Evacuation Simulation via Controlling SDM-United Characterscited by 1
- 2026EmbodMocap: In-the-Wild 4D Human-Scene Reconstruction for Embodied Agentscited by 1
- 2026DreamControl-v2: Simpler and Scalable Autonomous Humanoid Skills via Trainable Guided Diffusion Priorscited by 1
- 2026DeVI: Physics-based Dexterous Human-Object Interaction via Synthetic Video Imitationcited by 1
- 2026GIRAF: Towards Generalizable Human Interactions with Articulated Objectscited by 1
- 2025LHM-Humanoid: Long-Horizon Human Motion Control for Continuous Object Transport in Cluttered Scenescited by 0
- 2025BRIC: Bridging Kinematic Plans and Physical Control at Test Timecited by 0
- 2026Learn Weightlessness: Imitate Non-Self-Stabilizing Motions on Humanoid Robotcited by 0
- 2026ComplexMimic: Human-Scene Interaction Imitation in Complex 3D Environmentscited by 0
- 2026Scalable Multi-Human Cooperative Manipulation via Commander-Executor Coordinationcited by 0
- 2026Scalable Multi-Human Cooperative Manipulation via Commander-Executor Coordination10 Oct 2026
- 2026GIRAF: Towards Generalizable Human Interactions with Articulated Objects8 Jul 2026
- 2026ComplexMimic: Human-Scene Interaction Imitation in Complex 3D Environments2 Jul 2026
- 2026Dex2HOI: Dexterous Bimanual Two-Object Interaction Generation28 May 2026
- 2026Learn Weightlessness: Imitate Non-Self-Stabilizing Motions on Humanoid Robot23 Apr 2026
- 2026DeVI: Physics-based Dexterous Human-Object Interaction via Synthetic Video Imitation22 Apr 2026
- 2026InfBaGel: Human-Object-Scene Interaction Generation with Dynamic Perception and Iterative Refinement6 Apr 2026
- 2026DreamControl-v2: Simpler and Scalable Autonomous Humanoid Skills via Trainable Guided Diffusion Priors31 Mar 2026
- 2026TeamHOI: Learning a Unified Policy for Cooperative Human-Object Interactions with Any Team Size9 Mar 2026
- 2026EmbodMocap: In-the-Wild 4D Human-Scene Reconstruction for Embodied Agents26 Feb 2026
- 2026InterPrior: Scaling Generative Control for Physics-Based Human-Object Interactions5 Feb 2026
- 2025BRIC: Bridging Kinematic Plans and Physical Control at Test Time25 Nov 2025
37 more
- 2025Uni-Inter: Unifying 3D Human Motion Synthesis Across Diverse Interaction Contexts17 Nov 2025
- 2025PhysHSI: Towards a Real-World Generalizable and Natural Humanoid-Scene Interaction System13 Oct 2025
- 2025InterAct: Advancing Large-Scale Versatile 3D Human-Object Interaction Generation11 Sep 2025
- 2025LHM-Humanoid: Long-Horizon Human Motion Control for Continuous Object Transport in Cluttered Scenes23 Aug 2025
- 2025Scalable RF Simulation in Generative 4D Worlds16 Aug 2025
- 2025Half-Physics: Enabling Kinematic 3D Human Model with Physical Interactions31 Jul 2025
- 2025RESCUE: Crowd Evacuation Simulation via Controlling SDM-United Characters27 Jul 2025
- 2025Go to Zero: Towards Zero-shot Motion Generation with Million-scale Data9 Jul 2025
- 2025CoDA: Coordinated Diffusion Noise Optimization for Whole-Body Manipulation of Articulated Objects27 May 2025
- 20253D Scene Generation: A Survey8 May 2025
- 2025SkillMimic-V2: Learning Robust and Generalizable Interaction Skills from Sparse and Noisy Demonstrations4 May 2025
- 2025TokenHSI: Unified Synthesis of Physical Human-Scene Interactions through Task Tokenization25 Mar 2025
- 2025Human-Object Interaction via Automatically Designed VLM-Guided Motion Policy24 Mar 2025
- 20253D Human Interaction Generation: A Survey17 Mar 2025
- 2025A Survey on Human Interaction Motion Generation17 Mar 2025
- 2025HumanMM: Global Human Motion Recovery from Multi-shot Videos10 Mar 2025
- 2025InterMimic: Towards Universal Whole-Body Control for Physics-Based Human-Object Interactions27 Feb 2025
- 2024Mimicking-Bench: A Benchmark for Generalizable Humanoid-Scene Interaction Learning via Human Mimicking23 Dec 2024
- 2024SCENIC: Scene-aware Semantic Navigation with Instruction-guided Control20 Dec 2024
- 2024SIMS: Simulating Stylized Human-Scene Interactions with Retrieval-Augmented Script Generation29 Nov 2024
- 2024Lodge++: High-quality and Long Dance Generation with Vivid Choreography Patterns27 Oct 2024
- 2024ReinDiffuse: Crafting Physically Plausible Motions with Reinforced Diffusion Model9 Oct 2024
- 2024COLLAGE: Collaborative Human-Agent Interaction Generation using Hierarchical Latent Diffusion and Language Models30 Sep 2024
- 2024SkillMimic: Learning Basketball Interaction Skills from Demonstrations12 Aug 2024
- 2024Kinematics-based 3D Human-Object Interaction Reconstruction from Single View19 Jul 2024
- 2024DICE: End-to-end Deformation Capture of Hand-Face Interactions from a Single Image26 Jun 2024
- 2024CooHOI: Learning Cooperative Human-Object Interaction with Manipulated Object Dynamics20 Jun 2024
- 2024MotionLLM: Understanding Human Behaviors from Human Motions and Videos30 May 2024
- 2024Physics-based Scene Layout Generation from Human Motion21 May 2024
- 2024InterDreamer: Zero-Shot Text to 3D Dynamic Human-Object Interaction28 Mar 2024
- 2024TAPTR: Tracking Any Point with Transformers as Detection19 Mar 2024
- 2024FORCE: Physics-aware Human-object Interaction17 Mar 2024
- 2024Scaling Up Dynamic Human-Scene Interaction Modeling13 Mar 2024
- 2023PhysHOI: Physics-Based Imitation of Dynamic Human-Object Interaction7 Dec 2023
- 2023MoConVQ: Unified Physics-Based Motion Control via Scalable Discrete Representations16 Oct 2023
- 2023Unified Human-Scene Interaction via Prompted Chain-of-Contacts14 Sep 2023
- 2023InterDiff: Generating 3D Human-Object Interactions with Physics-Informed Diffusion31 Aug 2023
- 2024InterDreamer: Zero-Shot Text to 3D Dynamic Human-Object Interactioncited by 64
- 2024ReinDiffuse: Crafting Physically Plausible Motions with Reinforced Diffusion Modelcited by 26
- 20253D Scene Generation: A Surveycited by 24
- 2024SCENIC: Scene-aware Semantic Navigation with Instruction-guided Controlcited by 13
- 2024COLLAGE: Collaborative Human-Agent Interaction Generation using Hierarchical Latent Diffusion and Language Modelscited by 3
- 2026InfBaGel: Human-Object-Scene Interaction Generation with Dynamic Perception and Iterative Refinementcited by 3
- 2026DreamControl-v2: Simpler and Scalable Autonomous Humanoid Skills via Trainable Guided Diffusion Priorscited by 1
- 2025BRIC: Bridging Kinematic Plans and Physical Control at Test Timecited by 0
- 2026InfBaGel: Human-Object-Scene Interaction Generation with Dynamic Perception and Iterative Refinement6 Apr 2026
- 2026DreamControl-v2: Simpler and Scalable Autonomous Humanoid Skills via Trainable Guided Diffusion Priors31 Mar 2026
- 2025BRIC: Bridging Kinematic Plans and Physical Control at Test Time25 Nov 2025
- 20253D Scene Generation: A Survey8 May 2025
- 2024SCENIC: Scene-aware Semantic Navigation with Instruction-guided Control20 Dec 2024
- 2024ReinDiffuse: Crafting Physically Plausible Motions with Reinforced Diffusion Model9 Oct 2024
- 2024COLLAGE: Collaborative Human-Agent Interaction Generation using Hierarchical Latent Diffusion and Language Models30 Sep 2024
- 2024InterDreamer: Zero-Shot Text to 3D Dynamic Human-Object Interaction28 Mar 2024
- 2024SkillMimic: Learning Basketball Interaction Skills from Demonstrationscited by 30
- 2025SkillMimic-V2: Learning Robust and Generalizable Interaction Skills from Sparse and Noisy Demonstrationscited by 25
- 2026InterPrior: Scaling Generative Control for Physics-Based Human-Object Interactionscited by 11
- 2025LHM-Humanoid: Long-Horizon Human Motion Control for Continuous Object Transport in Cluttered Scenescited by 0
- 2026Learn Weightlessness: Imitate Non-Self-Stabilizing Motions on Humanoid Robotcited by 0
- 2026Learn Weightlessness: Imitate Non-Self-Stabilizing Motions on Humanoid Robot23 Apr 2026
- 2026InterPrior: Scaling Generative Control for Physics-Based Human-Object Interactions5 Feb 2026
- 2025LHM-Humanoid: Long-Horizon Human Motion Control for Continuous Object Transport in Cluttered Scenes23 Aug 2025
- 2025SkillMimic-V2: Learning Robust and Generalizable Interaction Skills from Sparse and Noisy Demonstrations4 May 2025
- 2024SkillMimic: Learning Basketball Interaction Skills from Demonstrations12 Aug 2024
- 2023InterDiff: Generating 3D Human-Object Interactions with Physics-Informed Diffusioncited by 182
- 2024Scaling Up Dynamic Human-Scene Interaction Modelingcited by 137
- 2023Unified Human-Scene Interaction via Prompted Chain-of-Contactscited by 94
- 2024MotionLLM: Understanding Human Behaviors from Human Motions and Videoscited by 90
- 2023PhysHOI: Physics-Based Imitation of Dynamic Human-Object Interactioncited by 76
- 2025InterMimic: Towards Universal Whole-Body Control for Physics-Based Human-Object Interactionscited by 72
- 2025Go to Zero: Towards Zero-shot Motion Generation with Million-scale Datacited by 68
- 2023MoConVQ: Unified Physics-Based Motion Control via Scalable Discrete Representationscited by 60
- 2025TokenHSI: Unified Synthesis of Physical Human-Scene Interactions through Task Tokenizationcited by 51
- 2024TAPTR: Tracking Any Point with Transformers as Detectioncited by 45
- 2024CooHOI: Learning Cooperative Human-Object Interaction with Manipulated Object Dynamicscited by 44
- 2025InterAct: Advancing Large-Scale Versatile 3D Human-Object Interaction Generationcited by 32
12 most cited of 34 All 34 (JSON)
- 2026Scalable Multi-Human Cooperative Manipulation via Commander-Executor Coordination10 Oct 2026
- 2026GIRAF: Towards Generalizable Human Interactions with Articulated Objects8 Jul 2026
- 2026Dex2HOI: Dexterous Bimanual Two-Object Interaction Generation28 May 2026
- 2026DeVI: Physics-based Dexterous Human-Object Interaction via Synthetic Video Imitation22 Apr 2026
- 2026TeamHOI: Learning a Unified Policy for Cooperative Human-Object Interactions with Any Team Size9 Mar 2026
- 2026EmbodMocap: In-the-Wild 4D Human-Scene Reconstruction for Embodied Agents26 Feb 2026
- 2025Uni-Inter: Unifying 3D Human Motion Synthesis Across Diverse Interaction Contexts17 Nov 2025
- 2025PhysHSI: Towards a Real-World Generalizable and Natural Humanoid-Scene Interaction System13 Oct 2025
- 2025InterAct: Advancing Large-Scale Versatile 3D Human-Object Interaction Generation11 Sep 2025
- 2025Scalable RF Simulation in Generative 4D Worlds16 Aug 2025
- 2025Half-Physics: Enabling Kinematic 3D Human Model with Physical Interactions31 Jul 2025
- 2025RESCUE: Crowd Evacuation Simulation via Controlling SDM-United Characters27 Jul 2025
12 newest of 34 All 34 (JSON)