Multiface: A Dataset for Neural Face Rendering
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Abstract (arXiv)
Photorealistic avatars of human faces have come a long way in recent years, yet research along this area is limited by a lack of publicly available, high-quality datasets covering both, dense multi-view camera captures, and rich facial expressions of the captured subjects. In this work, we present Multiface, a new multi-view, high-resolution human face dataset collected from 13 identities at Reality Labs Research for neural face rendering. We introduce Mugsy, a large scale multi-camera apparatus to capture high-resolution synchronized videos of a facial performance. The goal of Multiface is to close the gap in accessibility to high quality data in the academic community and to enable research in VR telepresence. Along with the release of the dataset, we conduct ablation studies on the influence of different model architectures toward the model's interpolation capacity of novel viewpoint and expressions. With a conditional VAE model serving as our baseline, we found that adding spatial bias, texture warp field, and residual connections improves performance on novel view synthesis. Our code and data is available at: https://github.com/facebookresearch/multiface
Key facts. Cited by 87 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 13 of its 23 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 22 Jul 2022.
Builds on
13 of 23 references.
References · 13
- 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 52,096
- 2014Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimizationcited by 37,240
- 2020D-NeRF: Neural Radiance Fields for Dynamic Scenescited by 1,465
- 2020Modular Primitives for High-Performance Differentiable Renderingcited by 441
- 2021Mixture of Volumetric Primitives for Efficient Neural Renderingcited by 277
- 2021MeshTalk: 3D Face Animation from Speech using Cross-Modality Disentanglementcited by 190
- 2019Neural Volumes: Learning Dynamic Renderable Volumes from Imagescited by 173
- 2018Deep Appearance Models for Face Renderingcited by 164
- 2021Pixel Codec Avatarscited by 127
- 2020Learning Compositional Radiance Fields of Dynamic Human Headscited by 78
- 2018Deforming Autoencoders: Unsupervised Disentangling of Shape and Appearancecited by 58
- 2020Audio- and Gaze-driven Facial Animation of Codec Avatarscited by 46
1 more
- 2020Expressive Telepresence via Modular Codec Avatarscited by 17
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Citing papers per year: 2022: 4; 2023: 27; 2024: 24; 2025: 18; 2026: 14.
87 papers.
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- 2023NeRSemble: Multi-view Radiance Field Reconstruction of Human Headscited by 194
- 2022Generating Holistic 3D Human Motion from Speechcited by 180
- 2023DNA-Rendering: A Diverse Neural Actor Repository for High-Fidelity Human-centric Renderingcited by 103
- 2023Emotional Speech-Driven Animation with Content-Emotion Disentanglementcited by 98
- 2024SMIRK: 3D Facial Expressions through Analysis-by-Neural-Synthesiscited by 84
- 2023FaceDiffuser: Speech-Driven 3D Facial Animation Synthesis Using Diffusioncited by 78
- 2023DiffusionRig: Learning Personalized Priors for Facial Appearance Editingcited by 75
- 2022PermutoSDF: Fast Multi-View Reconstruction with Implicit Surfaces using Permutohedral Latticescited by 73
- 2023OTAvatar: One-shot Talking Face Avatar with Controllable Tri-plane Renderingcited by 67
- 2024NPGA: Neural Parametric Gaussian Avatarscited by 46
- 2023RenderMe-360: A Large Digital Asset Library and Benchmarks Towards High-fidelity Head Avatarscited by 45
- 2023DiffusionAvatars: Deferred Diffusion for High-fidelity 3D Head Avatarscited by 42
38 more
- 2024Media2Face: Co-speech Facial Animation Generation With Multi-Modality Guidancecited by 39
- 2023Towards Practical Capture of High-Fidelity Relightable Avatarscited by 34
- 2022State of the Art in Dense Monocular Non-Rigid 3D Reconstructioncited by 30
- 2024UniTalker: Scaling up Audio-Driven 3D Facial Animation through A Unified Modelcited by 30
- 2023FaceXHuBERT: Text-less Speech-driven E(X)pressive 3D Facial Animation Synthesis Using Self-Supervised Speech Representation Learningcited by 29
- 2023LaughTalk: Expressive 3D Talking Head Generation with Laughtercited by 27
- 2023Neural Face Rigging for Animating and Retargeting Facial Meshes in the Wildcited by 25
- 2023CVTHead: One-shot Controllable Head Avatar with Vertex-feature Transformercited by 24
- 2024ScanTalk: 3D Talking Heads from Unregistered Scanscited by 24
- 2024Morphable Diffusion: 3D-Consistent Diffusion for Single-image Avatar Creationcited by 23
- 2023LPFF: A Portrait Dataset for Face Generators Across Large Posescited by 22
- 2023Gaussian3Diff: 3D Gaussian Diffusion for 3D Full Head Synthesis and Editingcited by 22
- 2024Gaussian Eigen Models for Human Headscited by 21
- 20243D Face Tracking from 2D Video through Iterative Dense UV to Image Flowcited by 20
- 2022DINER: Depth-aware Image-based NEural Radiance fieldscited by 19
- 2024VRMM: A Volumetric Relightable Morphable Head Modelcited by 19
- 2024Joker: Conditional 3D Head Synthesis with Extreme Facial Expressionscited by 18
- 2023GANHead: Towards Generative Animatable Neural Head Avatarscited by 17
- 2025MVP4D: Multi-View Portrait Video Diffusion for Animatable 4D Avatarscited by 17
- 2024EmoTalk3D: High-Fidelity Free-View Synthesis of Emotional 3D Talking Headcited by 16
- 2023Neural Point-based Volumetric Avatar: Surface-guided Neural Points for Efficient and Photorealistic Volumetric Head Avatarcited by 14
- 2023GAN-Avatar: Controllable Personalized GAN-based Human Head Avatarcited by 14
- 2024Beyond Talking -- Generating Holistic 3D Human Dyadic Motion for Communicationcited by 14
- 2024ProbTalk3D: Non-Deterministic Emotion Controllable Speech-Driven 3D Facial Animation Synthesis Using VQ-VAEcited by 13
- 2023ILSH: The Imperial Light-Stage Head Dataset for Human Head View Synthesiscited by 12
- 2023Relightable Neural Actor with Intrinsic Decomposition and Pose Controlcited by 11
- 2023From Pixels to Portraits: A Comprehensive Survey of Talking Head Generation Techniques and Applicationscited by 9
- 2025AV-Flow: Transforming Text to Audio-Visual Human-like Interactionscited by 9
- 20233DPortraitGAN: Learning One-Quarter Headshot 3D GANs from a Single-View Portrait Dataset with Diverse Body Posescited by 8
- 2024Topo4D: Topology-Preserving Gaussian Splatting for High-Fidelity 4D Head Capturecited by 8
- 20253DGH: 3D Head Generation with Composable Hair and Facecited by 8
- 2024RapVerse: Coherent Vocals and Whole-Body Motions Generations from Textcited by 7
- 2024GASP: Gaussian Avatars with Synthetic Priorscited by 7
- 2025RMAvatar: Photorealistic Human Avatar Reconstruction from Monocular Video Based on Rectified Mesh-embedded Gaussianscited by 7
- 2023BlendFields: Few-Shot Example-Driven Facial Modelingcited by 6
- 2024High-Quality Mesh Blendshape Generation from Face Videos via Neural Inverse Renderingcited by 6
- 2025Multi-Cali Anything: Dense Feature Multi-Frame Structure-from-Motion for Large-Scale Camera Array Calibrationcited by 6
- 2025OT-Talk: Animating 3D Talking Head with Optimal Transportationcited by 6
50 most cited of 87 All 87 (JSON)
- 2026KoUniTalk: A Lightweight Articulation-Centered Korean-English 3D Talking Face Benchmark17 Sep 2026
- 2026SubtleTalk: Generating Controllable Weakly-correlated Facial Dynamics for 3D Talking Heads via Residual Flow Matching3 Aug 2026
- 2026Collaborative Feature Aggregation for Face Super-Resolution and Robust Re-Identification30 Jul 2026
- 2026OmniFaceRig: Fully Automatic Inner-Mouth-Aware Face Rigging Across Diverse 3D Character Topologies6 Jun 2026
- 2026Polyglot: Multilingual Style Preserving Speech-Driven Facial Animation17 Apr 2026
- 2026One-shot Compositional 3D Head Avatars with Deformable Hair16 Apr 2026
- 20263DRealHead: Few-Shot Detailed Head Avatar14 Apr 2026
- 2026MMTalker: Multiresolution 3D Talking Head Synthesis with Multimodal Feature Fusion3 Apr 2026
- 2026FreeTalk: Emotional Topology-Free 3D Talking Heads16 Mar 2026
- 2026Skullptor: High Fidelity 3D Head Reconstruction in Seconds with Multi-View Normal Prediction24 Feb 2026
- 20263DXTalker: Unifying Identity, Lip Sync, Emotion, and Spatial Dynamics in Expressive 3D Talking Avatars11 Feb 2026
- 2026KaoLRM: Repurposing Pre-trained Large Reconstruction Models for Parametric 3D Face Reconstruction19 Jan 2026
38 more
- 2026LegacyAvatars: Volumetric Face Avatars For Traditional Graphics Pipelines18 Jan 2026
- 2026ExposeAnyone: Personalized Audio-to-Expression Diffusion Models Are Robust Zero-Shot Face Forgery Detectors5 Jan 2026
- 2025Gaussian Pixel Codec Avatars: A Hybrid Representation for Efficient Rendering17 Dec 2025
- 2025Broadening View Synthesis of Dynamic Scenes from Constrained Monocular Videos16 Dec 2025
- 2025FIELDS: Face reconstruction with accurate Inference of Expression using Learning with Direct Supervision26 Nov 2025
- 2025ESCA: Enabling Seamless Codec Avatar Execution through Algorithm and Hardware Co-Optimization for Virtual Reality27 Oct 2025
- 2025LSF-Animation: Label-Free Speech-Driven Facial Animation via Implicit Feature Representation23 Oct 2025
- 2025MVP4D: Multi-View Portrait Video Diffusion for Animatable 4D Avatars14 Oct 2025
- 2025Learning Phonetic Context-Dependent Viseme for Enhancing Speech-Driven 3D Facial Animation28 Jul 2025
- 20253DGH: 3D Head Generation with Composable Hair and Face25 Jun 2025
- 2025Neural Face Skinning for Mesh-agnostic Facial Expression Cloning28 May 2025
- 2025TeGA: Texture Space Gaussian Avatars for High-Resolution Dynamic Head Modeling8 May 2025
- 2025OT-Talk: Animating 3D Talking Head with Optimal Transportation3 May 2025
- 2025Controllable Expressive 3D Facial Animation via Diffusion in a Unified Multimodal Space14 Apr 2025
- 2025Controlling Avatar Diffusion with Learnable Gaussian Embedding20 Mar 2025
- 2025EmoDiffusion: Enhancing Emotional 3D Facial Animation with Latent Diffusion Models14 Mar 2025
- 2025Multi-Cali Anything: Dense Feature Multi-Frame Structure-from-Motion for Large-Scale Camera Array Calibration2 Mar 2025
- 2025Towards High-fidelity 3D Talking Avatar with Personalized Dynamic Texture1 Mar 2025
- 2025AV-Flow: Transforming Text to Audio-Visual Human-like Interactions18 Feb 2025
- 2025RMAvatar: Photorealistic Human Avatar Reconstruction from Monocular Video Based on Rectified Mesh-embedded Gaussians13 Jan 2025
- 2024SEREP: Semantic Facial Expression Representation for Robust In-the-Wild Capture and Retargeting18 Dec 2024
- 2024GASP: Gaussian Avatars with Synthetic Priors10 Dec 2024
- 2024Joker: Conditional 3D Head Synthesis with Extreme Facial Expressions21 Oct 2024
- 2024Beyond Fixed Topologies: Unregistered Training and Comprehensive Evaluation Metrics for 3D Talking Heads14 Oct 2024
- 2024ProbTalk3D: Non-Deterministic Emotion Controllable Speech-Driven 3D Facial Animation Synthesis Using VQ-VAE12 Sep 2024
- 2024GenCA: A Text-conditioned Generative Model for Realistic and Drivable Codec Avatars24 Aug 2024
- 2024UniTalker: Scaling up Audio-Driven 3D Facial Animation through A Unified Model1 Aug 2024
- 2024EmoTalk3D: High-Fidelity Free-View Synthesis of Emotional 3D Talking Head1 Aug 2024
- 2024Gaussian Eigen Models for Human Heads5 Jul 2024
- 2024A Comprehensive Taxonomy and Analysis of Talking Head Synthesis: Techniques for Portrait Generation, Driving Mechanisms, and Editing15 Jun 2024
- 2024Topo4D: Topology-Preserving Gaussian Splatting for High-Fidelity 4D Head Capture1 Jun 2024
- 2024RapVerse: Coherent Vocals and Whole-Body Motions Generations from Text30 May 2024
- 2024FaceLift: Semi-supervised 3D Facial Landmark Localization30 May 2024
- 2024NPGA: Neural Parametric Gaussian Avatars29 May 2024
- 2024FaceFolds: Meshed Radiance Manifolds for Efficient Volumetric Rendering of Dynamic Faces22 Apr 2024
- 20243D Face Tracking from 2D Video through Iterative Dense UV to Image Flow15 Apr 2024
- 2024SMIRK: 3D Facial Expressions through Analysis-by-Neural-Synthesis5 Apr 2024
- 2024CHOSEN: Contrastive Hypothesis Selection for Multi-View Depth Refinement2 Apr 2024
50 newest of 87 All 87 (JSON)
- 2024Morphable Diffusion: 3D-Consistent Diffusion for Single-image Avatar Creationcited by 23
- 2025MVP4D: Multi-View Portrait Video Diffusion for Animatable 4D Avatarscited by 17
- 2023From Pixels to Portraits: A Comprehensive Survey of Talking Head Generation Techniques and Applicationscited by 9
- 2025AV-Flow: Transforming Text to Audio-Visual Human-like Interactionscited by 9
- 2025Controlling Avatar Diffusion with Learnable Gaussian Embeddingcited by 3
- 2025EmoDiffusion: Enhancing Emotional 3D Facial Animation with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 1
- 2026ExposeAnyone: Personalized Audio-to-Expression Diffusion Models Are Robust Zero-Shot Face Forgery Detectorscited by 1
- 2026SubtleTalk: Generating Controllable Weakly-correlated Facial Dynamics for 3D Talking Heads via Residual Flow Matchingcited by 0
- 2026SubtleTalk: Generating Controllable Weakly-correlated Facial Dynamics for 3D Talking Heads via Residual Flow Matching3 Aug 2026
- 2026ExposeAnyone: Personalized Audio-to-Expression Diffusion Models Are Robust Zero-Shot Face Forgery Detectors5 Jan 2026
- 2025MVP4D: Multi-View Portrait Video Diffusion for Animatable 4D Avatars14 Oct 2025
- 2025Controlling Avatar Diffusion with Learnable Gaussian Embedding20 Mar 2025
- 2025EmoDiffusion: Enhancing Emotional 3D Facial Animation with Latent Diffusion Models14 Mar 2025
- 2025AV-Flow: Transforming Text to Audio-Visual Human-like Interactions18 Feb 2025
- 2024Morphable Diffusion: 3D-Consistent Diffusion for Single-image Avatar Creation9 Jan 2024
- 2023From Pixels to Portraits: A Comprehensive Survey of Talking Head Generation Techniques and Applications30 Aug 2023
- 2023NeRSemble: Multi-view Radiance Field Reconstruction of Human Headscited by 194
- 2022Generating Holistic 3D Human Motion from Speechcited by 180
- 2023DNA-Rendering: A Diverse Neural Actor Repository for High-Fidelity Human-centric Renderingcited by 103
- 2023Emotional Speech-Driven Animation with Content-Emotion Disentanglementcited by 98
- 2024SMIRK: 3D Facial Expressions through Analysis-by-Neural-Synthesiscited by 84
- 2023FaceDiffuser: Speech-Driven 3D Facial Animation Synthesis Using Diffusioncited by 78
- 2023DiffusionRig: Learning Personalized Priors for Facial Appearance Editingcited by 75
- 2022PermutoSDF: Fast Multi-View Reconstruction with Implicit Surfaces using Permutohedral Latticescited by 73
- 2023OTAvatar: One-shot Talking Face Avatar with Controllable Tri-plane Renderingcited by 67
- 2024NPGA: Neural Parametric Gaussian Avatarscited by 46
- 2023RenderMe-360: A Large Digital Asset Library and Benchmarks Towards High-fidelity Head Avatarscited by 45
- 2023DiffusionAvatars: Deferred Diffusion for High-fidelity 3D Head Avatarscited by 42
12 most cited of 79 All 79 (JSON)
- 2026KoUniTalk: A Lightweight Articulation-Centered Korean-English 3D Talking Face Benchmark17 Sep 2026
- 2026Collaborative Feature Aggregation for Face Super-Resolution and Robust Re-Identification30 Jul 2026
- 2026OmniFaceRig: Fully Automatic Inner-Mouth-Aware Face Rigging Across Diverse 3D Character Topologies6 Jun 2026
- 2026Polyglot: Multilingual Style Preserving Speech-Driven Facial Animation17 Apr 2026
- 2026One-shot Compositional 3D Head Avatars with Deformable Hair16 Apr 2026
- 20263DRealHead: Few-Shot Detailed Head Avatar14 Apr 2026
- 2026MMTalker: Multiresolution 3D Talking Head Synthesis with Multimodal Feature Fusion3 Apr 2026
- 2026FreeTalk: Emotional Topology-Free 3D Talking Heads16 Mar 2026
- 2026Skullptor: High Fidelity 3D Head Reconstruction in Seconds with Multi-View Normal Prediction24 Feb 2026
- 20263DXTalker: Unifying Identity, Lip Sync, Emotion, and Spatial Dynamics in Expressive 3D Talking Avatars11 Feb 2026
- 2026KaoLRM: Repurposing Pre-trained Large Reconstruction Models for Parametric 3D Face Reconstruction19 Jan 2026
- 2026LegacyAvatars: Volumetric Face Avatars For Traditional Graphics Pipelines18 Jan 2026
12 newest of 79 All 79 (JSON)