mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

TADA! Text to Animatable Digital Avatars

arXiv 2308.10899 ↗First posted 21 Aug 2023cs.AIcited by 110

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Cited by 36 in Diffusion models, but placed by its own abstract, which didn’t fit.

Abstract (arXiv)

We introduce TADA, a simple-yet-effective approach that takes textual descriptions and produces expressive 3D avatars with high-quality geometry and lifelike textures, that can be animated and rendered with traditional graphics pipelines. Existing text-based character generation methods are limited in terms of geometry and texture quality, and cannot be realistically animated due to inconsistent alignment between the geometry and the texture, particularly in the face region. To overcome these limitations, TADA leverages the synergy of a 2D diffusion model and an animatable parametric body model. Specifically, we derive an optimizable high-resolution body model from SMPL-X with 3D displacements and a texture map, and use hierarchical rendering with score distillation sampling (SDS) to create high-quality, detailed, holistic 3D avatars from text. To ensure alignment between the geometry and texture, we render normals and RGB images of the generated character and exploit their latent embeddings in the SDS training process. We further introduce various expression parameters to deform the generated character during training, ensuring that the semantics of our generated character remain consistent with the original SMPL-X model, resulting in an animatable character. Comprehensive evaluations demonstrate that TADA significantly surpasses existing approaches on both qualitative and quantitative measures. TADA enables creation of large-scale digital character assets that are ready for animation and rendering, while also being easily editable through natural language. The code will be public for research purposes.

Key facts. Cited by 110 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 75 of its 92 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 21 Aug 2023.

Builds on

75 of 92 references.

References · 75

  1. 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,419
  2. 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 21,076
  3. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,863
  4. 2019Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformercited by 14,599
  5. 2020Denoising Diffusion Implicit Modelscited by 9,781
  6. 2015Deep Unsupervised Learning using Nonequilibrium Thermodynamicscited by 7,058
  7. 2022Photorealistic Text-to-Image Diffusion Models with Deep Language Understandingcited by 6,355
  8. 2023Adding Conditional Control to Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 5,503
  9. 2021Zero-Shot Text-to-Image Generationcited by 4,288
  10. 2019Generative Modeling by Estimating Gradients of the Data Distributioncited by 4,101
  11. 2019Analyzing and Improving the Image Quality of StyleGANcited by 3,588
  12. 2022DreamBooth: Fine Tuning Text-to-Image Diffusion Models for Subject-Driven Generationcited by 3,300
38 more
  1. 2022DreamFusion: Text-to-3D using 2D Diffusioncited by 3,025
  2. 2019DeepSDF: Learning Continuous Signed Distance Functions for Shape Representationcited by 2,689
  3. 2021NeuS: Learning Neural Implicit Surfaces by Volume Rendering for Multi-view Reconstructioncited by 1,712
  4. 2019Expressive Body Capture: 3D Hands, Face, and Body from a Single Imagecited by 1,612
  5. 2023Zero-1-to-3: Zero-shot One Image to 3D Objectcited by 1,489
  6. 2023T2I-Adapter: Learning Adapters to Dig out More Controllable Ability for Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 1,351
  7. 2022Magic3D: High-Resolution Text-to-3D Content Creationcited by 1,290
  8. 2023ProlificDreamer: High-Fidelity and Diverse Text-to-3D Generation with Variational Score Distillationcited by 1,219
  9. 2022Human Motion Diffusion Modelcited by 1,080
  10. 2019PIFu: Pixel-Aligned Implicit Function for High-Resolution Clothed Human Digitizationcited by 818
  11. 2023Fantasia3D: Disentangling Geometry and Appearance for High-quality Text-to-3D Content Creationcited by 687
  12. 2023One-2-3-45: Any Single Image to 3D Mesh in 45 Seconds without Per-Shape Optimizationcited by 560
  13. 2020PIFuHD: Multi-Level Pixel-Aligned Implicit Function for High-Resolution 3D Human Digitizationcited by 521
  14. 2021Zero-Shot Text-Guided Object Generation with Dream Fieldscited by 513
  15. 2022Latent-NeRF for Shape-Guided Generation of 3D Shapes and Texturescited by 506
  16. 2021Deep Marching Tetrahedra: a Hybrid Representation for High-Resolution 3D Shape Synthesiscited by 460
  17. 2020Modular Primitives for High-Performance Differentiable Renderingcited by 441
  18. 2023Magic123: One Image to High-Quality 3D Object Generation Using Both 2D and 3D Diffusion Priorscited by 397
  19. 2021CLIP-NeRF: Text-and-Image Driven Manipulation of Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 370
  20. 2023Human Motion Diffusion as a Generative Priorcited by 357
  21. 2021Text2Mesh: Text-Driven Neural Stylization for Meshescited by 334
  22. 2022Rodin: A Generative Model for Sculpting 3D Digital Avatars Using Diffusioncited by 309
  23. 2023TEXTure: Text-Guided Texturing of 3D Shapescited by 304
  24. 2022Novel View Synthesis with Diffusion Modelscited by 300
  25. 2021ICON: Implicit Clothed humans Obtained from Normalscited by 283
  26. 2022CLIP-Mesh: Generating textured meshes from text using pretrained image-text modelscited by 281
  27. 2023Generative Novel View Synthesis with 3D-Aware Diffusion Modelscited by 274
  28. 2021CLIP-Forge: Towards Zero-Shot Text-to-Shape Generationcited by 254
  29. 2022SparseFusion: Distilling View-conditioned Diffusion for 3D Reconstructioncited by 216
  30. 2023Controlling Text-to-Image Diffusion by Orthogonal Finetuningcited by 208
  31. 2022ECON: Explicit Clothed humans Optimized via Normal integrationcited by 199
  32. 2022Generating Holistic 3D Human Motion from Speechcited by 180
  33. 2020DeepCap: Monocular Human Performance Capture Using Weak Supervisioncited by 162
  34. 2023DreamAvatar: Text-and-Shape Guided 3D Human Avatar Generation via Diffusion Modelscited by 154
  35. 2022Dream3D: Zero-Shot Text-to-3D Synthesis Using 3D Shape Prior and Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 151
  36. 2022StyleGAN-Human: A Data-Centric Odyssey of Human Generationcited by 144
  37. 2023TeCH: Text-guided Reconstruction of Lifelike Clothed Humanscited by 104
  38. 2021imGHUM: Implicit Generative Models of 3D Human Shape and Articulated Posecited by 103

50 most cited of 75 All 75 (JSON)

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2023: 28; 2024: 45; 2025: 31; 2026: 6.

110 papers.

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  1. 2023DreamGaussian: Generative Gaussian Splatting for Efficient 3D Content Creationcited by 843
  2. 2023RichDreamer: A Generalizable Normal-Depth Diffusion Model for Detail Richness in Text-to-3Dcited by 168
  3. 2023State of the Art on Diffusion Models for Visual Computingcited by 127
  4. 20234DGen: Grounded 4D Content Generation with Spatial-temporal Consistencycited by 117
  5. 2023DemoFusion: Democratising High-Resolution Image Generation With No cited by 107
  6. 2023HumanGaussian: Text-Driven 3D Human Generation with Gaussian Splattingcited by 89
  7. 2023HumanNorm: Learning Normal Diffusion Model for High-quality and Realistic 3D Human Generationcited by 88
  8. 2023ChatPose: Chatting about 3D Human Posecited by 72
  9. 2024MIMO: Controllable Character Video Synthesis with Spatial Decomposed Modelingcited by 64
  10. 2023GAvatar: Animatable 3D Gaussian Avatars with Implicit Mesh Learningcited by 63
  11. 2024Advances in 3D Generation: A Surveycited by 63
  12. 2023Gaussian Shell Maps for Efficient 3D Human Generationcited by 61
38 more
  1. 2024DressCode: Autoregressively Sewing and Generating Garments from Text Guidancecited by 44
  2. 2024Human-3Diffusion: Realistic Avatar Creation via Explicit 3D Consistent Diffusion Modelscited by 44
  3. 2024DreamPhysics: Learning Physics-Based 3D Dynamics with Video Diffusion Priorscited by 41
  4. 2023DreamControl: Control-Based Text-to-3D Generation with 3D Self-Priorcited by 39
  5. 2023Template Free Reconstruction of Human-object Interaction with Procedural Interaction Generationcited by 38
  6. 2024HeadStudio: Text to Animatable Head Avatars with 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 35
  7. 2024LLMs Meet Multimodal Generation and Editing: A Surveycited by 35
  8. 2023Disentangled Clothed Avatar Generation from Text Descriptionscited by 33
  9. 2023HAAR: Text-Conditioned Generative Model of 3D Strand-based Human Hairstylescited by 30
  10. 2024CharacterGen: Efficient 3D Character Generation from Single Images with Multi-View Pose Canonicalizationcited by 28
  11. 2023Stable Score Distillation for High-Quality 3D Generationcited by 27
  12. 2024Frankenstein: Generating Semantic-Compositional 3D Scenes in One Tri-Planecited by 26
  13. 2024AvatarGO: Zero-shot 4D Human-Object Interaction Generation and Animationcited by 25
  14. 2023SEEAvatar: Photorealistic Text-to-3D Avatar Generation with Constrained Geometry and Appearancecited by 24
  15. 2024PSHuman: Photorealistic Single-image 3D Human Reconstruction using Cross-Scale Multiview Diffusion and Explicit Remeshingcited by 23
  16. 2024Make-It-Animatable: An Efficient Framework for Authoring Animation-Ready 3D Characterscited by 23
  17. 2023NSF: Neural Surface Fields for Human Modeling from Monocular Depthcited by 21
  18. 2024GALA: Generating Animatable Layered Assets from a Single Scancited by 21
  19. 2024TELA: Text to Layer-wise 3D Clothed Human Generationcited by 20
  20. 2024GarmentDreamer: 3DGS Guided Garment Synthesis with Diverse Geometry and Texture Detailscited by 19
  21. 2023CAD: Photorealistic 3D Generation via Adversarial Distillationcited by 18
  22. 2024Joker: Conditional 3D Head Synthesis with Extreme Facial Expressionscited by 18
  23. 2023Enhancing High-Resolution 3D Generation through Pixel-wise Gradient Clippingcited by 17
  24. 2024Guess The Unseen: Dynamic 3D Scene Reconstruction from Partial 2D Glimpsescited by 17
  25. 2025Generative AI for Film Creation: A Survey of Recent Advancescited by 17
  26. 2023AvatarStudio: High-fidelity and Animatable 3D Avatar Creation from Textcited by 16
  27. 2025Arc2Avatar: Generating Expressive 3D Avatars from a Single Image via ID Guidancecited by 16
  28. 2024TexDreamer: Towards Zero-Shot High-Fidelity 3D Human Texture Generationcited by 15
  29. 2024Portrait3D: Text-Guided High-Quality 3D Portrait Generation Using Pyramid Representation and GANs Priorcited by 15
  30. 2024Instant 3D Human Avatar Generation using Image Diffusion Modelscited by 14
  31. 2023HAVE-FUN: Human Avatar Reconstruction from Few-Shot Unconstrained Imagescited by 13
  32. 2024A Survey on 3D Human Avatar Modeling -- From Reconstruction to Generationcited by 13
  33. 2024STAR: Skeleton-aware Text-based 4D Avatar Generation with In-Network Motion Retargetingcited by 13
  34. 2024DeCo: Decoupled Human-Centered Diffusion Video Editing with Motion Consistencycited by 13
  35. 2024DreamWaltz-G: Expressive 3D Gaussian Avatars from Skeleton-Guided 2D Diffusioncited by 12
  36. 2024HeadEvolver: Text to Head Avatars via Expressive and Attribute-Preserving Mesh Deformationcited by 11
  37. 2025LIFe-GoM: Generalizable Human Rendering with Learned Iterative Feedback Over Multi-Resolution Gaussians-on-Meshcited by 11
  38. 2024RHOBIN Challenge: Reconstruction of Human Object Interactioncited by 10

50 most cited of 110 All 110 (JSON)

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  1. 2025Text-based Animatable 3D Avatars with Morphable Model Alignment
  2. 2024AniArtAvatar: Animatable 3D Art Avatar from a Single Image
  3. 2023Guide3D: Create 3D Avatars from Text and Image Guidance
  4. 2026Dual Diffusion Models for Multi-modal Guided 3D Avatar Generation
  5. 2023Text-Conditional Contextualized Avatars For Zero-Shot Personalization
  6. 2022AvatarCLIP: Zero-Shot Text-Driven Generation and Animation of 3D Avatars
  7. 2023ZeroAvatar: Zero-shot 3D Avatar Generation from a Single Image
  8. 2024UltrAvatar: A Realistic Animatable 3D Avatar Diffusion Model with Authenticity Guided Textures