Neural Scene Graphs for Dynamic Scenes
Not on the map. Why?
Cited by 23 in End-to-end autonomous driving, but placed by its own abstract, which didn’t fit.
Abstract (arXiv)
Recent implicit neural rendering methods have demonstrated that it is possible to learn accurate view synthesis for complex scenes by predicting their volumetric density and color supervised solely by a set of RGB images. However, existing methods are restricted to learning efficient representations of static scenes that encode all scene objects into a single neural network, and lack the ability to represent dynamic scenes and decompositions into individual scene objects. In this work, we present the first neural rendering method that decomposes dynamic scenes into scene graphs. We propose a learned scene graph representation, which encodes object transformation and radiance, to efficiently render novel arrangements and views of the scene. To this end, we learn implicitly encoded scenes, combined with a jointly learned latent representation to describe objects with a single implicit function. We assess the proposed method on synthetic and real automotive data, validating that our approach learns dynamic scenes -- only by observing a video of this scene -- and allows for rendering novel photo-realistic views of novel scene compositions with unseen sets of objects at unseen poses.
Key facts. Cited by 298 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 20 Nov 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 21; 2022: 48; 2023: 66; 2024: 82; 2025: 57; 2026: 24.
298 papers.
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- 2021Mip-NeRF: A Multiscale Representation for Anti-Aliasing Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 1,957
- 2022Block-NeRF: Scalable Large Scene Neural View Synthesiscited by 720
- 2021KiloNeRF: Speeding up Neural Radiance Fields with Thousands of Tiny MLPscited by 672
- 2023HexPlane: A Fast Representation for Dynamic Scenescited by 582
- 2021KITTI-360: A Novel Dataset and Benchmarks for Urban Scene Understanding in 2D and 3Dcited by 570
- 2021Neural Fields in Visual Computing and Beyondcited by 539
- 2023Instruct-NeRF2NeRF: Editing 3D Scenes with Instructionscited by 482
- 2021Baking Neural Radiance Fields for Real-Time View Synthesiscited by 465
- 2023Gaussian Grouping: Segment and Edit Anything in 3D Scenescited by 387
- 2022Decomposing NeRF for Editing via Feature Field Distillationcited by 370
- 2021Advances in Neural Renderingcited by 365
- 2023DrivingGaussian: Composite Gaussian Splatting for Surrounding Dynamic Autonomous Driving Scenescited by 359
38 more
- 2023UniSim: A Neural Closed-Loop Sensor Simulatorcited by 294
- 2021Urban Radiance Fieldscited by 263
- 2022Panoptic Neural Fields: A Semantic Object-Aware Neural Scene Representationcited by 243
- 2021DONeRF: Towards Real-Time Rendering of Compact Neural Radiance Fields using Depth Oracle Networkscited by 232
- 2021Learning Object-Compositional Neural Radiance Field for Editable Scene Renderingcited by 228
- 2024Street Gaussians: Modeling Dynamic Urban Scenes with Gaussian Splattingcited by 218
- 2023EmerNeRF: Emergent Spatial-Temporal Scene Decomposition via Self-Supervisioncited by 216
- 2024VastGaussian: Vast 3D Gaussians for Large Scene Reconstructioncited by 209
- 2022Neural Feature Fusion Fields: 3D Distillation of Self-Supervised 2D Image Representationscited by 195
- 2022NeRF-SLAM: Real-Time Dense Monocular SLAM with Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 188
- 2023MARS: An Instance-aware, Modular and Realistic Simulator for Autonomous Drivingcited by 170
- 2022Fourier PlenOctrees for Dynamic Radiance Field Rendering in Real-timecited by 164
- 2024OmniRe: Omni Urban Scene Reconstructioncited by 159
- 2022Panoptic NeRF: 3D-to-2D Label Transfer for Panoptic Urban Scene Segmentationcited by 152
- 2022NeRFPlayer: A Streamable Dynamic Scene Representation with Decomposed Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 151
- 2023SUDS: Scalable Urban Dynamic Scenescited by 151
- 2021Editable Free-viewpoint Video Using a Layered Neural Representationcited by 148
- 2023NeuRAD: Neural Rendering for Autonomous Drivingcited by 146
- 2023Periodic Vibration Gaussian: Dynamic Urban Scene Reconstruction and Real-time Renderingcited by 143
- 2024HUGS: Holistic Urban 3D Scene Understanding via Gaussian Splattingcited by 141
- 2025Pseudo-Simulation for Autonomous Drivingcited by 141
- 2022D2NeRF: Self-Supervised Decoupling of Dynamic and Static Objects from a Monocular Videocited by 136
- 2022Diffusion-SDF: Conditional Generative Modeling of Signed Distance Functionscited by 133
- 2024DriveDreamer4D: World Models Are Effective Data Machines for 4D Driving Scene Representationcited by 123
- 2023StreetSurf: Extending Multi-view Implicit Surface Reconstruction to Street Viewscited by 120
- 20213D Neural Scene Representations for Visuomotor Controlcited by 110
- 2024textitS3Gaussian: Self-Supervised Street Gaussians for Autonomous Drivingcited by 105
- 2021Unsupervised Discovery of Object Radiance Fieldscited by 100
- 2023Grid-guided Neural Radiance Fields for Large Urban Scenescited by 99
- 2021GANcraft: Unsupervised 3D Neural Rendering of Minecraft Worldscited by 98
- 2024Editable Scene Simulation for Autonomous Driving via Collaborative LLM-Agentscited by 91
- 2024ReconDreamer: Crafting World Models for Driving Scene Reconstruction via Online Restorationcited by 89
- 2021Decomposing 3D Scenes into Objects via Unsupervised Volume Segmentationcited by 88
- 2024HUGSIM: A Real-Time, Photo-Realistic and Closed-Loop Simulator for Autonomous Drivingcited by 84
- 2022Deforming Radiance Fields with Cagescited by 78
- 2023Neural Residual Radiance Fields for Streamably Free-Viewpoint Videoscited by 77
- 2021Learning to Stylize Novel Viewscited by 76
- 2022Object-Compositional Neural Implicit Surfacescited by 74
50 most cited of 298 All 298 (JSON)
- 2026RECAST: From Log Replay to Closed-Loop Driving Simulation with View-Complete Actors25 Sep 2026
- 2026FIRE3D: Feed-forward Interactive 3D Scene Reconstruction Within A Minute8 Sep 2026
- 2026Leveraging Visual and Geometric Priors for Metric-scale and Complete Vehicle Gaussian Reconstruction from Limited Views8 Sep 2026
- 2026GaussianDWM++: Language-Grounded 3D Gaussian Driving World Model for Unified Scene Understanding, Editing, and Multi-Modal Generation17 Aug 2026
- 2026DecoupleGS: Interactive 3D Gaussian Splatting for End-to-End Autonomous Driving Testing3 Aug 2026
- 2026Instant NuRec: Feed-Forward 3D Gaussian Reconstruction for Driving Scene Simulation15 Jul 2026
- 2026Robust 4D Driving Scene Reconstruction from Imperfect Visual Priors7 Jul 2026
- 2026DriveWeaver: Point-Conditioned Video Inpainting for Controllable Vehicle Insertion in Autonomous Driving Simulation30 Jun 2026
- 2026World Engine: Towards the Era of Post-Training for Autonomous Driving18 Jun 2026
- 2026Splaxel: Efficient Distributed Training of 3D Gaussian Splatting for Large-scale Scene Reconstruction via Pixel-level Communication17 Jun 2026
- 2026SparseStreet: Sparse Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Street Scene Simulation2 Jun 2026
- 2026Towards Physically Consistent 4D Scene Reconstruction for Closed-loop Autonomous Driving Simulation20 May 2026
38 more
- 2026GenAssets: Generating in-the-wild 3D Assets in Latent Space24 Apr 2026
- 2026Unposed-to-3D: Learning Simulation-Ready Vehicles from Real-World Images21 Apr 2026
- 2026Asset Harvester: Extracting 3D Assets from Autonomous Driving Logs for Simulation20 Apr 2026
- 2026Appearance Decomposition Gaussian Splatting for Multi-Traversal Reconstruction7 Apr 2026
- 2026ChopGrad: Pixel-Wise Losses for Latent Video Diffusion via Truncated Backpropagation18 Mar 2026
- 2026WeatherCity: Urban Scene Reconstruction with Controllable Multi-Weather Transformation25 Feb 2026
- 2026HorizonForge: Driving Scene Editing with Any Trajectories and Any Vehicles24 Feb 2026
- 2026Nighttime Autonomous Driving Scene Reconstruction with Physically-Based Gaussian Splatting14 Feb 2026
- 2026Unified Sensor Simulation for Autonomous Driving5 Feb 2026
- 2026EVolSplat4D: Efficient Volume-based Gaussian Splatting for 4D Urban Scene Synthesis22 Jan 2026
- 2026GAT-NeRF: Geometry-Aware-Transformer Enhanced Neural Radiance Fields for High-Fidelity 4D Facial Avatars21 Jan 2026
- 2026ParkGaussian: Surround-view 3D Gaussian Splatting for Autonomous Parking4 Jan 2026
- 2025DriveExplorer: Images-Only Decoupled 4D Reconstruction with Progressive Restoration for Driving View Extrapolation30 Dec 2025
- 2025GaussianDWM: 3D Gaussian Driving World Model for Unified Scene Understanding and Multi-Modal Generation29 Dec 2025
- 2025LiDAR-GS++:Improving LiDAR Gaussian Reconstruction via Diffusion Priors15 Nov 2025
- 2025DIAL-GS: Dynamic Instance Aware Reconstruction for Label-free Street Scenes with 4D Gaussian Splatting10 Nov 2025
- 2025D2GS: Dense Depth Regularization for LiDAR-free Urban Scene Reconstruction29 Oct 2025
- 2025Advances in 4D Representation: Geometry, Motion, and Interaction22 Oct 2025
- 2025Proactive Scene Decomposition and Reconstruction17 Oct 2025
- 2025Leveraging 2D Priors and SDF Guidance for Dynamic Urban Scene Rendering15 Oct 2025
- 2025SimULi: Real-Time LiDAR and Camera Simulation with Unscented Transforms14 Oct 2025
- 2025SPORTS: Simultaneous Panoptic Odometry, Rendering, Tracking and Segmentation for Urban Scenes Understanding14 Oct 2025
- 2025VAD-GS: Visibility-Aware Densification for 3D Gaussian Splatting in Dynamic Urban Scenes10 Oct 2025
- 2025GS-RoadPatching: Inpainting Gaussians via 3D Searching and Placing for Driving Scenes24 Sep 2025
- 2025Neural Atlas Graphs for Dynamic Scene Decomposition and Editing19 Sep 2025
- 2025DrivingGaussian++: Towards Realistic Reconstruction and Editable Simulation for Surrounding Dynamic Driving Scenes28 Aug 2025
- 2025LSD-3D: Large-Scale 3D Driving Scene Generation with Geometry Grounding26 Aug 2025
- 2025ExtraGS: Geometric-Aware Trajectory Extrapolation with Uncertainty-Guided Generative Priors21 Aug 2025
- 2025Neural Rendering for Sensor Adaptation in 3D Object Detection18 Aug 2025
- 2025InstDrive: Instance-Aware 3D Gaussian Splatting for Driving Scenes16 Aug 2025
- 2025Statistical Confidence Rescoring for Robust 3D Scene Graph Generation from Multi-View Images5 Aug 2025
- 2025VDEGaussian: Video Diffusion Enhanced 4D Gaussian Splatting for Dynamic Urban Scenes Modeling4 Aug 2025
- 2025Robust and Efficient 3D Gaussian Splatting for Urban Scene Reconstruction30 Jul 2025
- 2025GS-Occ3D: Scaling Vision-only Occupancy Reconstruction with Gaussian Splatting25 Jul 2025
- 2025SaLF: Sparse Local Fields for Multi-Sensor Rendering in Real-Time24 Jul 2025
- 2025CRUISE: Cooperative Reconstruction and Editing in V2X Scenarios using Gaussian Splatting24 Jul 2025
- 2025AD-GS: Object-Aware B-Spline Gaussian Splatting for Self-Supervised Autonomous Driving16 Jul 2025
- 2025LidarPainter: One-Step Away From Any Lidar View To Novel Guidance16 Jul 2025
50 newest of 298 All 298 (JSON)
- 2024Street Gaussians: Modeling Dynamic Urban Scenes with Gaussian Splattingcited by 218
- 2024OmniRe: Omni Urban Scene Reconstructioncited by 159
- 2024DriveDreamer4D: World Models Are Effective Data Machines for 4D Driving Scene Representationcited by 123
- 2024textitS3Gaussian: Self-Supervised Street Gaussians for Autonomous Drivingcited by 105
- 2024ReconDreamer: Crafting World Models for Driving Scene Reconstruction via Online Restorationcited by 89
- 2024HUGSIM: A Real-Time, Photo-Realistic and Closed-Loop Simulator for Autonomous Drivingcited by 84
- 2024StreetCrafter: Street View Synthesis with Controllable Video Diffusion Modelscited by 49
- 2024DeSiRe-GS: 4D Street Gaussians for Static-Dynamic Decomposition and Surface Reconstruction for Urban Driving Scenescited by 45
- 2024SGD: Street View Synthesis with Gaussian Splatting and Diffusion Priorcited by 36
- 2025ReconDreamer++: Harmonizing Generative and Reconstructive Models for Driving Scene Representationcited by 36
- 2024Dynamic 3D Gaussian Fields for Urban Areascited by 35
- 2024DreamDrive: Generative 4D Scene Modeling from Street View Imagescited by 35
12 most cited of 19 All 19 (JSON)
- 2026GaussianDWM++: Language-Grounded 3D Gaussian Driving World Model for Unified Scene Understanding, Editing, and Multi-Modal Generation17 Aug 2026
- 2026Robust 4D Driving Scene Reconstruction from Imperfect Visual Priors7 Jul 2026
- 2026DriveWeaver: Point-Conditioned Video Inpainting for Controllable Vehicle Insertion in Autonomous Driving Simulation30 Jun 2026
- 2025GaussianDWM: 3D Gaussian Driving World Model for Unified Scene Understanding and Multi-Modal Generation29 Dec 2025
- 2025ReconDreamer++: Harmonizing Generative and Reconstructive Models for Driving Scene Representation24 Mar 2025
- 2024DreamDrive: Generative 4D Scene Modeling from Street View Images31 Dec 2024
- 2024StreetCrafter: Street View Synthesis with Controllable Video Diffusion Models17 Dec 2024
- 2024HUGSIM: A Real-Time, Photo-Realistic and Closed-Loop Simulator for Autonomous Driving2 Dec 2024
- 2024ReconDreamer: Crafting World Models for Driving Scene Reconstruction via Online Restoration29 Nov 2024
- 2024UniGaussian: Driving Scene Reconstruction from Multiple Camera Models via Unified Gaussian Representations22 Nov 2024
- 2024DeSiRe-GS: 4D Street Gaussians for Static-Dynamic Decomposition and Surface Reconstruction for Urban Driving Scenes18 Nov 2024
- 2024DriveDreamer4D: World Models Are Effective Data Machines for 4D Driving Scene Representation17 Oct 2024
12 newest of 19 All 19 (JSON)
- 2023NeuRAD: Neural Rendering for Autonomous Drivingcited by 146
- 2025Pseudo-Simulation for Autonomous Drivingcited by 141
- 2024Editable Scene Simulation for Autonomous Driving via Collaborative LLM-Agentscited by 91
- 2024NeuroNCAP: Photorealistic Closed-loop Safety Testing for Autonomous Drivingcited by 61
- 2025CoDa-4DGS: Dynamic Gaussian Splatting with Context and Deformation Awareness for Autonomous Drivingcited by 25
- 2024Are NeRFs ready for autonomous driving? Towards closing the real-to-simulation gapcited by 20
- 2023Applications of Large Scale Foundation Models for Autonomous Drivingcited by 14
- 2024XLD: A Cross-Lane Dataset for Benchmarking Novel Driving View Synthesiscited by 9
- 2025Learning-based 3D Reconstruction in Autonomous Driving: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 9
- 2026World Engine: Towards the Era of Post-Training for Autonomous Drivingcited by 6
- 2025DrivingGaussian++: Towards Realistic Reconstruction and Editable Simulation for Surrounding Dynamic Driving Scenescited by 4
- 2026Asset Harvester: Extracting 3D Assets from Autonomous Driving Logs for Simulationcited by 2
12 most cited of 17 All 17 (JSON)
- 2026RECAST: From Log Replay to Closed-Loop Driving Simulation with View-Complete Actors25 Sep 2026
- 2026DecoupleGS: Interactive 3D Gaussian Splatting for End-to-End Autonomous Driving Testing3 Aug 2026
- 2026Instant NuRec: Feed-Forward 3D Gaussian Reconstruction for Driving Scene Simulation15 Jul 2026
- 2026World Engine: Towards the Era of Post-Training for Autonomous Driving18 Jun 2026
- 2026Towards Physically Consistent 4D Scene Reconstruction for Closed-loop Autonomous Driving Simulation20 May 2026
- 2026Asset Harvester: Extracting 3D Assets from Autonomous Driving Logs for Simulation20 Apr 2026
- 2025DrivingGaussian++: Towards Realistic Reconstruction and Editable Simulation for Surrounding Dynamic Driving Scenes28 Aug 2025
- 2025Pseudo-Simulation for Autonomous Driving4 Jun 2025
- 2025Learning-based 3D Reconstruction in Autonomous Driving: A Comprehensive Survey17 Mar 2025
- 2025CoDa-4DGS: Dynamic Gaussian Splatting with Context and Deformation Awareness for Autonomous Driving9 Mar 2025
- 2024XLD: A Cross-Lane Dataset for Benchmarking Novel Driving View Synthesis26 Jun 2024
- 2024NeuroNCAP: Photorealistic Closed-loop Safety Testing for Autonomous Driving11 Apr 2024
12 newest of 17 All 17 (JSON)
- 2022Diffusion-SDF: Conditional Generative Modeling of Signed Distance Functionscited by 133
- 2023CompoNeRF: Text-guided Multi-object Compositional NeRF with Editable 3D Scene Layoutcited by 57
- 2025Scenario Dreamer: Vectorized Latent Diffusion for Generating Driving Simulation Environmentscited by 27
- 2023Promptable Game Models: Text-Guided Game Simulation via Masked Diffusion Modelscited by 22
- 2023Edit-DiffNeRF: Editing 3D Neural Radiance Fields using 2D Diffusion Modelcited by 20
- 2024SyntheOcc: Synthesize Geometric-Controlled Street View Images through 3D Semantic MPIscited by 14
- 2023FaceDNeRF: Semantics-Driven Face Reconstruction, Prompt Editing and Relighting with Diffusion Modelscited by 7
- 2026GenAssets: Generating in-the-wild 3D Assets in Latent Spacecited by 4
- 2024Generate Any Scene: Scene Graph Driven Data Synthesis for Visual Generation Trainingcited by 3
- 2026HorizonForge: Driving Scene Editing with Any Trajectories and Any Vehiclescited by 3
- 2024Perturb-and-Revise: Flexible 3D Editing with Generative Trajectoriescited by 2
- 2025VDEGaussian: Video Diffusion Enhanced 4D Gaussian Splatting for Dynamic Urban Scenes Modelingcited by 2
12 most cited of 15 All 15 (JSON)
- 2026GenAssets: Generating in-the-wild 3D Assets in Latent Space24 Apr 2026
- 2026ChopGrad: Pixel-Wise Losses for Latent Video Diffusion via Truncated Backpropagation18 Mar 2026
- 2026HorizonForge: Driving Scene Editing with Any Trajectories and Any Vehicles24 Feb 2026
- 2025DriveExplorer: Images-Only Decoupled 4D Reconstruction with Progressive Restoration for Driving View Extrapolation30 Dec 2025
- 2025LiDAR-GS++:Improving LiDAR Gaussian Reconstruction via Diffusion Priors15 Nov 2025
- 2025VDEGaussian: Video Diffusion Enhanced 4D Gaussian Splatting for Dynamic Urban Scenes Modeling4 Aug 2025
- 2025Scenario Dreamer: Vectorized Latent Diffusion for Generating Driving Simulation Environments28 Mar 2025
- 2024Generate Any Scene: Scene Graph Driven Data Synthesis for Visual Generation Training11 Dec 2024
- 2024Perturb-and-Revise: Flexible 3D Editing with Generative Trajectories6 Dec 2024
- 2024SyntheOcc: Synthesize Geometric-Controlled Street View Images through 3D Semantic MPIs1 Oct 2024
- 2023Edit-DiffNeRF: Editing 3D Neural Radiance Fields using 2D Diffusion Model15 Jun 2023
- 2023FaceDNeRF: Semantics-Driven Face Reconstruction, Prompt Editing and Relighting with Diffusion Models1 Jun 2023
12 newest of 15 All 15 (JSON)
- 2021Mip-NeRF: A Multiscale Representation for Anti-Aliasing Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 1,957
- 2022Block-NeRF: Scalable Large Scene Neural View Synthesiscited by 720
- 2021KiloNeRF: Speeding up Neural Radiance Fields with Thousands of Tiny MLPscited by 672
- 2023HexPlane: A Fast Representation for Dynamic Scenescited by 582
- 2021KITTI-360: A Novel Dataset and Benchmarks for Urban Scene Understanding in 2D and 3Dcited by 570
- 2021Neural Fields in Visual Computing and Beyondcited by 539
- 2023Instruct-NeRF2NeRF: Editing 3D Scenes with Instructionscited by 482
- 2021Baking Neural Radiance Fields for Real-Time View Synthesiscited by 465
- 2023Gaussian Grouping: Segment and Edit Anything in 3D Scenescited by 387
- 2022Decomposing NeRF for Editing via Feature Field Distillationcited by 370
- 2021Advances in Neural Renderingcited by 365
- 2023DrivingGaussian: Composite Gaussian Splatting for Surrounding Dynamic Autonomous Driving Scenescited by 359
12 most cited of 246 All 246 (JSON)
- 2026FIRE3D: Feed-forward Interactive 3D Scene Reconstruction Within A Minute8 Sep 2026
- 2026Leveraging Visual and Geometric Priors for Metric-scale and Complete Vehicle Gaussian Reconstruction from Limited Views8 Sep 2026
- 2026Splaxel: Efficient Distributed Training of 3D Gaussian Splatting for Large-scale Scene Reconstruction via Pixel-level Communication17 Jun 2026
- 2026SparseStreet: Sparse Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Street Scene Simulation2 Jun 2026
- 2026Unposed-to-3D: Learning Simulation-Ready Vehicles from Real-World Images21 Apr 2026
- 2026Appearance Decomposition Gaussian Splatting for Multi-Traversal Reconstruction7 Apr 2026
- 2026WeatherCity: Urban Scene Reconstruction with Controllable Multi-Weather Transformation25 Feb 2026
- 2026Nighttime Autonomous Driving Scene Reconstruction with Physically-Based Gaussian Splatting14 Feb 2026
- 2026Unified Sensor Simulation for Autonomous Driving5 Feb 2026
- 2026EVolSplat4D: Efficient Volume-based Gaussian Splatting for 4D Urban Scene Synthesis22 Jan 2026
- 2026GAT-NeRF: Geometry-Aware-Transformer Enhanced Neural Radiance Fields for High-Fidelity 4D Facial Avatars21 Jan 2026
- 2026ParkGaussian: Surround-view 3D Gaussian Splatting for Autonomous Parking4 Jan 2026
12 newest of 246 All 246 (JSON)