DeSiRe-GS: 4D Street Gaussians for Static-Dynamic Decomposition and Surface Reconstruction for Urban Driving Scenes
On the map: World models → World models for autonomous driving
Abstract (arXiv)
We present DeSiRe-GS, a self-supervised gaussian splatting representation, enabling effective static-dynamic decomposition and high-fidelity surface reconstruction in complex driving scenarios. Our approach employs a two-stage optimization pipeline of dynamic street Gaussians. In the first stage, we extract 2D motion masks based on the observation that 3D Gaussian Splatting inherently can reconstruct only the static regions in dynamic environments. These extracted 2D motion priors are then mapped into the Gaussian space in a differentiable manner, leveraging an efficient formulation of dynamic Gaussians in the second stage. Combined with the introduced geometric regularizations, our method are able to address the over-fitting issues caused by data sparsity in autonomous driving, reconstructing physically plausible Gaussians that align with object surfaces rather than floating in air. Furthermore, we introduce temporal cross-view consistency to ensure coherence across time and viewpoints, resulting in high-quality surface reconstruction. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of DeSiRe-GS, surpassing prior self-supervised arts and achieving accuracy comparable to methods relying on external 3D bounding box annotations. Code is available at https://github.com/chengweialan/DeSiRe-GS
Key facts. Cited by 45 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in World models for autonomous driving, one of 11 directions in World models. Builds on 42 of its 53 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 18 Nov 2024.
Builds on
42 of 53 references.
Closest ancestors · 2
Same direction, newest first
- 2024OmniRe: Omni Urban Scene Reconstruction29 Aug
- 2024textitS3Gaussian: Self-Supervised Street Gaussians for Autonomous Driving30 May
Other references · 40
- 2018The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metriccited by 11,029
- 2023DINOv2: Learning Robust Visual Features without Supervisioncited by 7,764
- 20233D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Radiance Field Renderingcited by 6,141
- 2019Scalability in Perception for Autonomous Driving: Waymo Open Datasetcited by 2,436
- 2021NeuS: Learning Neural Implicit Surfaces by Volume Rendering for Multi-view Reconstructioncited by 1,701
- 2020D-NeRF: Neural Radiance Fields for Dynamic Scenescited by 1,459
- 20234D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Dynamic Scene Renderingcited by 1,144
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- 2021Volume Rendering of Neural Implicit Surfacescited by 990
- 2023Deformable 3D Gaussians for High-Fidelity Monocular Dynamic Scene Reconstructioncited by 753
- 2023SuGaR: Surface-Aligned Gaussian Splatting for Efficient 3D Mesh Reconstruction and High-Quality Mesh Renderingcited by 611
- 2023HexPlane: A Fast Representation for Dynamic Scenescited by 582
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- 2021Omnidata: A Scalable Pipeline for Making Multi-Task Mid-Level Vision Datasets from 3D Scanscited by 336
- 2020Neural Scene Graphs for Dynamic Scenescited by 298
- 2024PGSR: Planar-based Gaussian Splatting for Efficient and High-Fidelity Surface Reconstructioncited by 280
- 2021Urban Radiance Fieldscited by 263
- 2023GS-IR: 3D Gaussian Splatting for Inverse Renderingcited by 220
- 2023EmerNeRF: Emergent Spatial-Temporal Scene Decomposition via Self-Supervisioncited by 216
- 2024GaussianPro: 3D Gaussian Splatting with Progressive Propagationcited by 199
- 2023MARS: An Instance-aware, Modular and Realistic Simulator for Autonomous Drivingcited by 170
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- 2024WildGaussians: 3D Gaussian Splatting in the Wildcited by 150
- 2023Periodic Vibration Gaussian: Dynamic Urban Scene Reconstruction and Real-time Renderingcited by 143
- 2024HUGS: Holistic Urban 3D Scene Understanding via Gaussian Splattingcited by 141
- 2023NeuSG: Neural Implicit Surface Reconstruction with 3D Gaussian Splatting Guidancecited by 137
- 2024DN-Splatter: Depth and Normal Priors for Gaussian Splatting and Meshingcited by 136
- 2023StreetSurf: Extending Multi-view Implicit Surface Reconstruction to Street Viewscited by 120
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- 2024Point Mamba: A Novel Point Cloud Backbone Based on State Space Model with Octree-Based Ordering Strategycited by 71
- 2024Improving 2D Feature Representations by 3D-Aware Fine-Tuningcited by 70
- 2024Trim 3D Gaussian Splatting for Accurate Geometry Representationcited by 28
- 2024DVLO: Deep Visual-LiDAR Odometry with Local-to-Global Feature Fusion and Bi-Directional Structure Alignmentcited by 25
- 2024GigaGS: Scaling up Planar-Based 3D Gaussians for Large Scene Surface Reconstructioncited by 20
- 2023DELFlow: Dense Efficient Learning of Scene Flow for Large-Scale Point Cloudscited by 14
- 2024RoDUS: Robust Decomposition of Static and Dynamic Elements in Urban Scenescited by 14
- 2024Q-SLAM: Quadric Representations for Monocular SLAMcited by 11
- 2024PNAS-MOT: Multi-Modal Object Tracking with Pareto Neural Architecture Searchcited by 9
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 4; 2025: 19; 2026: 22.
45 papers.
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- 2026MV2: Multi-View Multi-Vehicle Driving Dataset for Novel View Synthesis12 Aug 2026
- 2026Learning Gaussian Structure: Intervention-Guided Density Control for Feed-Forward Driving Reconstruction11 Aug 2026
- 2026CARLA-GS: Decoupling Representation, Reasoning, and Physics Simulation for Autonomous Driving Corner-Case Synthesis8 Jul 2026
- 2026Robust 4D Driving Scene Reconstruction from Imperfect Visual Priors7 Jul 2026
- 2026L2D2-GS: Learning to Densify for Feedforward Dynamic Gaussian Scene Reconstruction28 Jun 2026
- 2026DSD-GS: Dynamic-Static Decomposition of Gaussian Splatting for Efficient and High-Fidelity Dynamic Scene Reconstruction29 May 2026
- 2026RiGS: Rigid-aware 4D Gaussian Splatting from a Single Monocular Video22 May 2026
- 2026Sensor2Sensor: Cross-Embodiment Sensor Conversion for Autonomous Driving21 May 2026
- 2026Diffusion-guided Generalizable Enhancer for Urban Scene Reconstruction21 May 2026
- 2026P2GS: Physical Prior-guided Gaussian Splatting for Photometrically Consistent Urban Reconstruction16 May 2026
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- 2026ArtHOI: Articulated Human-Object Interaction Synthesis by 4D Reconstruction from Video Priors4 Mar 2026
- 2026RU4D-SLAM: Reweighting Uncertainty in Gaussian Splatting SLAM for 4D Scene Reconstruction24 Feb 2026
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- 2026ParkGaussian: Surround-view 3D Gaussian Splatting for Autonomous Parking4 Jan 2026
- 2025GaussianDWM: 3D Gaussian Driving World Model for Unified Scene Understanding and Multi-Modal Generation29 Dec 2025
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- 2025IDSplat: Instance-Decomposed 3D Gaussian Splatting for Driving Scenes24 Nov 2025
- 2025DIAL-GS: Dynamic Instance Aware Reconstruction for Label-free Street Scenes with 4D Gaussian Splatting10 Nov 2025
- 2025D2GS: Dense Depth Regularization for LiDAR-free Urban Scene Reconstruction29 Oct 2025
- 2025From Volume Rendering to 3D Gaussian Splatting: Theory and Applications20 Oct 2025
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- 2025DriveSplat: Unified Neural Gaussian Reconstruction for Dynamic Driving Scenes21 Aug 2025
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- 2025UnIRe: Unsupervised Instance Decomposition for Dynamic Urban Scene Reconstruction1 Apr 2025
- 2025Learning-based 3D Reconstruction in Autonomous Driving: A Comprehensive Survey17 Mar 2025
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- 2024Editing Implicit and Explicit Representations of Radiance Fields: A Survey23 Dec 2024
- 2024Street Gaussians without 3D Object Tracker7 Dec 2024
- 2024A Lesson in Splats: Teacher-Guided Diffusion for 3D Gaussian Splats Generation with 2D Supervision1 Dec 2024
- 2024EMD: Explicit Motion Modeling for High-Quality Street Gaussian Splatting23 Nov 2024
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- 2025GaussianDWM: 3D Gaussian Driving World Model for Unified Scene Understanding and Multi-Modal Generationcited by 23
- 2026RAYNOVA: Scale-Temporal Autoregressive World Modeling in Ray Spacecited by 4
- 2026CARLA-GS: Decoupling Representation, Reasoning, and Physics Simulation for Autonomous Driving Corner-Case Synthesiscited by 1
- 2026L2D2-GS: Learning to Densify for Feedforward Dynamic Gaussian Scene Reconstructioncited by 0
- 2026Robust 4D Driving Scene Reconstruction from Imperfect Visual Priorscited by 0
- 2026GaussianDWM++: Language-Grounded 3D Gaussian Driving World Model for Unified Scene Understanding, Editing, and Multi-Modal Generationcited by 0
- 2026GaussianDWM++: Language-Grounded 3D Gaussian Driving World Model for Unified Scene Understanding, Editing, and Multi-Modal Generation17 Aug 2026
- 2026CARLA-GS: Decoupling Representation, Reasoning, and Physics Simulation for Autonomous Driving Corner-Case Synthesis8 Jul 2026
- 2026Robust 4D Driving Scene Reconstruction from Imperfect Visual Priors7 Jul 2026
- 2026L2D2-GS: Learning to Densify for Feedforward Dynamic Gaussian Scene Reconstruction28 Jun 2026
- 2026RAYNOVA: Scale-Temporal Autoregressive World Modeling in Ray Space24 Feb 2026
- 2025GaussianDWM: 3D Gaussian Driving World Model for Unified Scene Understanding and Multi-Modal Generation29 Dec 2025
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- 2024A Lesson in Splats: Teacher-Guided Diffusion for 3D Gaussian Splats Generation with 2D Supervisioncited by 9
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- 2025WorldSplat: Gaussian-Centric Feed-Forward 4D Scene Generation for Autonomous Driving27 Sep 2025
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- 2025Flux4D: Flow-based Unsupervised 4D Reconstructioncited by 7
- 2026ParkGaussian: Surround-view 3D Gaussian Splatting for Autonomous Parkingcited by 7
- 2025B'ezierGS: Dynamic Urban Scene Reconstruction with B'ezier Curve Gaussian Splattingcited by 5
- 2024Street Gaussians without 3D Object Trackercited by 4
- 2025UnIRe: Unsupervised Instance Decomposition for Dynamic Urban Scene Reconstructioncited by 3
- 2025D2GS: Dense Depth Regularization for LiDAR-free Urban Scene Reconstructioncited by 3
- 2025IDSplat: Instance-Decomposed 3D Gaussian Splatting for Driving Scenescited by 3
- 2026EVolSplat4D: Efficient Volume-based Gaussian Splatting for 4D Urban Scene Synthesiscited by 3
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12 most cited of 31 All 31 (JSON)
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- 2026MV2: Multi-View Multi-Vehicle Driving Dataset for Novel View Synthesis12 Aug 2026
- 2026Learning Gaussian Structure: Intervention-Guided Density Control for Feed-Forward Driving Reconstruction11 Aug 2026
- 2026DSD-GS: Dynamic-Static Decomposition of Gaussian Splatting for Efficient and High-Fidelity Dynamic Scene Reconstruction29 May 2026
- 2026RiGS: Rigid-aware 4D Gaussian Splatting from a Single Monocular Video22 May 2026
- 2026Sensor2Sensor: Cross-Embodiment Sensor Conversion for Autonomous Driving21 May 2026
- 2026Diffusion-guided Generalizable Enhancer for Urban Scene Reconstruction21 May 2026
- 2026P2GS: Physical Prior-guided Gaussian Splatting for Photometrically Consistent Urban Reconstruction16 May 2026
- 2026Stitch4D: Sparse Multi-Location 4D Urban Reconstruction via Spatio-Temporal Interpolation9 Apr 2026
- 2026Appearance Decomposition Gaussian Splatting for Multi-Traversal Reconstruction7 Apr 2026
- 2026GP-4DGS: Probabilistic 4D Gaussian Splatting from Monocular Video via Variational Gaussian Processes3 Apr 2026
- 2026RU4D-SLAM: Reweighting Uncertainty in Gaussian Splatting SLAM for 4D Scene Reconstruction24 Feb 2026
12 newest of 31 All 31 (JSON)
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- 2024Street Gaussians: Modeling Dynamic Urban Scenes with Gaussian Splatting
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- 2024UniGaussian: Driving Scene Reconstruction from Multiple Camera Models via Unified Gaussian Representations
- 2025CoDa-4DGS: Dynamic Gaussian Splatting with Context and Deformation Awareness for Autonomous Driving
- 2024SGD: Street View Synthesis with Gaussian Splatting and Diffusion Prior
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