mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

GO-SLAM: Global Optimization for Consistent 3D Instant Reconstruction

arXiv 2309.02436 ↗First posted 5 Sep 2023cs.CV cs.ROcited by 132

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Abstract (arXiv)

Neural implicit representations have recently demonstrated compelling results on dense Simultaneous Localization And Mapping (SLAM) but suffer from the accumulation of errors in camera tracking and distortion in the reconstruction. Purposely, we present GO-SLAM, a deep-learning-based dense visual SLAM framework globally optimizing poses and 3D reconstruction in real-time. Robust pose estimation is at its core, supported by efficient loop closing and online full bundle adjustment, which optimize per frame by utilizing the learned global geometry of the complete history of input frames. Simultaneously, we update the implicit and continuous surface representation on-the-fly to ensure global consistency of 3D reconstruction. Results on various synthetic and real-world datasets demonstrate that GO-SLAM outperforms state-of-the-art approaches at tracking robustness and reconstruction accuracy. Furthermore, GO-SLAM is versatile and can run with monocular, stereo, and RGB-D input.

Key facts. Cited by 132 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 41 of its 56 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 5 Sep 2023.

Builds on

41 of 56 references.

References · 41

  1. 2022Instant Neural Graphics Primitives with a Multiresolution Hash Encodingcited by 3,698
  2. 2017ScanNet: Richly-annotated 3D Reconstructions of Indoor Scenescited by 3,088
  3. 2020RAFT: Recurrent All-Pairs Field Transforms for Optical Flowcited by 2,385
  4. 2021Mip-NeRF 360: Unbounded Anti-Aliased Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 2,013
  5. 2021Mip-NeRF: A Multiscale Representation for Anti-Aliasing Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 1,957
  6. 2021NeuS: Learning Neural Implicit Surfaces by Volume Rendering for Multi-view Reconstructioncited by 1,701
  7. 2021Plenoxels: Radiance Fields without Neural Networkscited by 1,607
  8. 2015ORB-SLAM: a Versatile and Accurate Monocular SLAM Systemcited by 983
  9. 2021Direct Voxel Grid Optimization: Super-fast Convergence for Radiance Fields Reconstructioncited by 961
  10. 2019The Replica Dataset: A Digital Replica of Indoor Spacescited by 885
  11. 2020ORB-SLAM3: An Accurate Open-Source Library for Visual, Visual-Inertial and Multi-Map SLAMcited by 862
  12. 2020NeRF++: Analyzing and Improving Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 857
29 more
  1. 2016ORB-SLAM2: an Open-Source SLAM System for Monocular, Stereo and RGB-D Camerascited by 801
  2. 2021MVSNeRF: Fast Generalizable Radiance Field Reconstruction from Multi-View Stereocited by 735
  3. 2020Implicit Geometric Regularization for Learning Shapescited by 707
  4. 2021DROID-SLAM: Deep Visual SLAM for Monocular, Stereo, and RGB-D Camerascited by 673
  5. 2021BARF: Bundle-Adjusting Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 641
  6. 2021NICE-SLAM: Neural Implicit Scalable Encoding for SLAMcited by 586
  7. 2016Direct Sparse Odometrycited by 479
  8. 2021iMAP: Implicit Mapping and Positioning in Real-Timecited by 476
  9. 2022MonoSDF: Exploring Monocular Geometric Cues for Neural Implicit Surface Reconstructioncited by 467
  10. 2020INeRF: Inverting Neural Radiance Fields for Pose Estimationcited by 381
  11. 2021Neural RGB-D Surface Reconstructioncited by 312
  12. 2022NeRF-SLAM: Real-Time Dense Monocular SLAM with Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 188
  13. 2018DeepV2D: Video to Depth with Differentiable Structure from Motioncited by 185
  14. 2023NICER-SLAM: Neural Implicit Scene Encoding for RGB SLAMcited by 162
  15. 2017CNN-SLAM: Real-time dense monocular SLAM with learned depth predictioncited by 152
  16. 2018CodeSLAM - Learning a Compact, Optimisable Representation for Dense Visual SLAMcited by 151
  17. 2020DeepFactors: Real-Time Probabilistic Dense Monocular SLAMcited by 117
  18. 2022iSDF: Real-Time Neural Signed Distance Fields for Robot Perceptioncited by 107
  19. 2022NeRFusion: Fusing Radiance Fields for Large-Scale Scene Reconstructioncited by 99
  20. 2018DeepTAM: Deep Tracking and Mappingcited by 87
  21. 2022Neural 3D Reconstruction in the Wildcited by 79
  22. 2022Orbeez-SLAM: A Real-time Monocular Visual SLAM with ORB Features and NeRF-realized Mappingcited by 79
  23. 2020DI-Fusion: Online Implicit 3D Reconstruction with Deep Priorscited by 70
  24. 2022GO-Surf: Neural Feature Grid Optimization for Fast, High-Fidelity RGB-D Surface Reconstructioncited by 61
  25. 2023Dense RGB SLAM with Neural Implicit Mapscited by 42
  26. 2022RC-MVSNet: Unsupervised Multi-View Stereo with Neural Renderingcited by 30
  27. 2022BNV-Fusion: Dense 3D Reconstruction using Bi-level Neural Volume Fusioncited by 29
  28. 2022MonoNeuralFusion: Online Monocular Neural 3D Reconstruction with Geometric Priorscited by 17
  29. 2022HRBF-Fusion: Accurate 3D reconstruction from RGB-D data using on-the-fly implicitscited by 8

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2023: 12; 2024: 54; 2025: 39; 2026: 27.

132 papers.

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  1. 2023DUSt3R: Geometric 3D Vision Made Easycited by 1,526
  2. 2023GS-SLAM: Dense Visual SLAM with 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 278
  3. 2024MASt3R-SLAM: Real-Time Dense SLAM with 3D Reconstruction Priorscited by 198
  4. 2023Gaussian-SLAM: Photo-realistic Dense SLAM with Gaussian Splattingcited by 152
  5. 2023Photo-SLAM: Real-time Simultaneous Localization and Photorealistic Mapping for Monocular, Stereo, and RGB-D Camerascited by 139
  6. 2025VGGT-SLAM: Dense RGB SLAM Optimized on the SL(4) Manifoldcited by 130
  7. 2024SLAM3R: Real-Time Dense Scene Reconstruction from Monocular RGB Videoscited by 100
  8. 2024SGS-SLAM: Semantic Gaussian Splatting For Neural Dense SLAMcited by 86
  9. 2024How NeRFs and 3D Gaussian Splatting are Reshaping SLAM: a Surveycited by 72
  10. 2024Deep Patch Visual SLAMcited by 68
  11. 2024Splat-SLAM: Globally Optimized RGB-only SLAM with 3D Gaussianscited by 64
  12. 2024LoopSplat: Loop Closure by Registering 3D Gaussian Splatscited by 59
38 more
  1. 2024Loopy-SLAM: Dense Neural SLAM with Loop Closurescited by 48
  2. 2024GlORIE-SLAM: Globally Optimized RGB-only Implicit Encoding Point Cloud SLAMcited by 36
  3. 2024The NeRFect Match: Exploring NeRF Features for Visual Localizationcited by 32
  4. 2023HI-SLAM: Monocular Real-time Dense Mapping with Hybrid Implicit Fieldscited by 31
  5. 2024Compact 3D Gaussian Splatting For Dense Visual SLAMcited by 24
  6. 2024HI-SLAM2: Geometry-Aware Gaussian SLAM for Fast Monocular Scene Reconstructioncited by 24
  7. 2024DDN-SLAM: Real-time Dense Dynamic Neural Implicit SLAMcited by 22
  8. 2024MG-SLAM: Structure Gaussian Splatting SLAM with Manhattan World Hypothesiscited by 22
  9. 2026VGGT-SLAM 2.0: Real-time Dense Feed-forward Scene Reconstructioncited by 22
  10. 2024Neural Radiance Field in Autonomous Driving: A Surveycited by 19
  11. 2024NIS-SLAM: Neural Implicit Semantic RGB-D SLAM for 3D Consistent Scene Understandingcited by 19
  12. 2024MoD-SLAM: Monocular Dense Mapping for Unbounded 3D Scene Reconstructioncited by 18
  13. 2025SAIL-Recon: Large SfM by Augmenting Scene Regression with Localizationcited by 18
  14. 2023Implicit Event-RGBD Neural SLAMcited by 16
  15. 2024Evaluating Modern Approaches in 3D Scene Reconstruction: NeRF vs Gaussian-Based Methodscited by 16
  16. 2025RGB-Only Gaussian Splatting SLAM for Unbounded Outdoor Scenescited by 16
  17. 2025AMB3R: Accurate Feed-forward Metric-scale 3D Reconstruction with Backendcited by 16
  18. 2024DROID-Splat: Combining end-to-end SLAM with 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 15
  19. 2025DenseSplat: Densifying Gaussian Splatting SLAM with Neural Radiance Priorcited by 14
  20. 2025GigaSLAM: Large-Scale Monocular SLAM with Hierarchical Gaussian Splatscited by 14
  21. 2024AirPlanes: Accurate Plane Estimation via 3D-Consistent Embeddingscited by 13
  22. 2025Reconstructing 4D Spatial Intelligence: A Surveycited by 13
  23. 2025ViSTA-SLAM: Visual SLAM with Symmetric Two-view Associationcited by 13
  24. 2024Neural Radiance Field-based Visual Rendering: A Comprehensive Reviewcited by 12
  25. 2024MAGiC-SLAM: Multi-Agent Gaussian Globally Consistent SLAMcited by 12
  26. 2025VPGS-SLAM: Voxel-based Progressive 3D Gaussian SLAM in Large-Scale Scenescited by 12
  27. 2023Learning Neural Implicit through Volume Rendering with Attentive Depth Fusion Priorscited by 11
  28. 2024Q-SLAM: Quadric Representations for Monocular SLAMcited by 11
  29. 2024PG-SLAM: Photo-realistic and Geometry-aware RGB-D SLAM in Dynamic Environmentscited by 11
  30. 2025SEGS-SLAM: Structure-enhanced 3D Gaussian Splatting SLAM with Appearance Embeddingcited by 11
  31. 2025Advancing Dense Endoscopic Reconstruction with Gaussian Splatting-driven Surface Normal-aware Tracking and Mappingcited by 11
  32. 2025MCN-SLAM: Multi-Agent Collaborative Neural SLAM with Hybrid Implicit Neural Scene Representationcited by 11
  33. 2023NeRF-VO: Real-Time Sparse Visual Odometry with Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 10
  34. 2024RTG-SLAM: Real-time 3D Reconstruction at Scale using Gaussian Splattingcited by 10
  35. 2024MGS-SLAM: Monocular Sparse Tracking and Gaussian Mapping with Depth Smooth Regularizationcited by 10
  36. 2025Ov3R: Open-Vocabulary Semantic 3D Reconstruction from RGB Videoscited by 10
  37. 2023DVI-SLAM: A Dual Visual Inertial SLAM Networkcited by 9
  38. 2024EgoHDM: An Online Egocentric-Inertial Human Motion Capture, Localization, and Dense Mapping Systemcited by 9

50 most cited of 132 All 132 (JSON)