BNV-Fusion: Dense 3D Reconstruction using Bi-level Neural Volume Fusion
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Abstract (arXiv)
Dense 3D reconstruction from a stream of depth images is the key to many mixed reality and robotic applications. Although methods based on Truncated Signed Distance Function (TSDF) Fusion have advanced the field over the years, the TSDF volume representation is confronted with striking a balance between the robustness to noisy measurements and maintaining the level of detail. We present Bi-level Neural Volume Fusion (BNV-Fusion), which leverages recent advances in neural implicit representations and neural rendering for dense 3D reconstruction. In order to incrementally integrate new depth maps into a global neural implicit representation, we propose a novel bi-level fusion strategy that considers both efficiency and reconstruction quality by design. We evaluate the proposed method on multiple datasets quantitatively and qualitatively, demonstrating a significant improvement over existing methods.
Key facts. Cited by 29 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 25 of its 46 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 3 Apr 2022.
Builds on
25 of 46 references.
References · 25
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13 more
- 2019Differentiable Volumetric Rendering: Learning Implicit 3D Representations without 3D Supervisioncited by 699
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Citing papers per year: 2022: 2; 2023: 12; 2024: 8; 2025: 5; 2026: 2.
29 papers.
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- 2023Point-SLAM: Dense Neural Point Cloud-based SLAMcited by 160
- 2022ESLAM: Efficient Dense SLAM System Based on Hybrid Representation of Signed Distance Fieldscited by 158
- 2023Gaussian-SLAM: Photo-realistic Dense SLAM with Gaussian Splattingcited by 152
- 2023GO-SLAM: Global Optimization for Consistent 3D Instant Reconstructioncited by 132
- 2024Splat-SLAM: Globally Optimized RGB-only SLAM with 3D Gaussianscited by 64
- 2023ExBluRF: Efficient Radiance Fields for Extreme Motion Blurred Imagescited by 38
- 2024GlORIE-SLAM: Globally Optimized RGB-only Implicit Encoding Point Cloud SLAMcited by 36
- 2022ActiveRMAP: Radiance Field for Active Mapping And Planningcited by 29
- 2024NARUTO: Neural Active Reconstruction from Uncertain Target Observationscited by 27
- 2024Neural Visibility Field for Uncertainty-Driven Active Mappingcited by 25
- 2023MIPS-Fusion: Multi-Implicit-Submaps for Scalable and Robust Online Neural RGB-D Reconstructioncited by 24
- 2024DDN-SLAM: Real-time Dense Dynamic Neural Implicit SLAMcited by 22
17 more
- 2023PoRF: Pose Residual Field for Accurate Neural Surface Reconstructioncited by 19
- 2025ActiveGAMER: Active GAussian Mapping through Efficient Renderingcited by 19
- 2024NeRFs in Robotics: A Surveycited by 16
- 2025Boosting Global-Local Feature Matching via Anomaly Synthesis for Multi-Class Point Cloud Anomaly Detectioncited by 16
- 2023MobileBrick: Building LEGO for 3D Reconstruction on Mobile Devicescited by 15
- 2023Uni-Fusion: Universal Continuous Mappingcited by 5
- 20233D Reconstruction with Generalizable Neural Fields using Scene Priorscited by 4
- 2025SP-SLAM: Neural Real-Time Dense SLAM With Scene Priorscited by 4
- 2023Dynamic Voxel Grid Optimization for High-Fidelity RGB-D Supervised Surface Reconstructioncited by 3
- 2024Behind the Veil: Enhanced Indoor 3D Scene Reconstruction with Occluded Surfaces Completioncited by 2
- 2025Deblur Gaussian Splatting SLAMcited by 2
- 2024Multi-View Neural 3D Reconstruction of Micro-/Nanostructures with Atomic Force Microscopycited by 1
- 2025Cues3D: Unleashing the Power of Sole NeRF for Consistent and Unique Instances in Open-Vocabulary 3D Panoptic Segmentationcited by 1
- 2023OAAFormer: Robust and Efficient Point Cloud Registration Through Overlapping-Aware Attention in Transformercited by 0
- 2023LISNeRF Mapping: LiDAR-based Implicit Mapping via Semantic Neural Fields for Large-Scale 3D Scenescited by 0
- 2026DynActiveGS: Active Gaussian Splatting for Dynamic Scene Reconstructioncited by 0
- 2026STARS-GS: Structure-Aware Regularized Gaussian Splatting for Large-Scale Aerial Surface Reconstructioncited by 0
- 2026STARS-GS: Structure-Aware Regularized Gaussian Splatting for Large-Scale Aerial Surface Reconstruction3 Sep 2026
- 2026DynActiveGS: Active Gaussian Splatting for Dynamic Scene Reconstruction2 Aug 2026
- 2025Boosting Global-Local Feature Matching via Anomaly Synthesis for Multi-Class Point Cloud Anomaly Detection12 May 2025
- 2025Cues3D: Unleashing the Power of Sole NeRF for Consistent and Unique Instances in Open-Vocabulary 3D Panoptic Segmentation1 May 2025
- 2025Deblur Gaussian Splatting SLAM16 Mar 2025
- 2025ActiveGAMER: Active GAussian Mapping through Efficient Rendering12 Jan 2025
- 2025SP-SLAM: Neural Real-Time Dense SLAM With Scene Priors11 Jan 2025
- 2024Neural Visibility Field for Uncertainty-Driven Active Mapping11 Jun 2024
- 2024Splat-SLAM: Globally Optimized RGB-only SLAM with 3D Gaussians26 May 2024
- 2024NeRFs in Robotics: A Survey2 May 2024
- 2024Behind the Veil: Enhanced Indoor 3D Scene Reconstruction with Occluded Surfaces Completion3 Apr 2024
- 2024GlORIE-SLAM: Globally Optimized RGB-only Implicit Encoding Point Cloud SLAM28 Mar 2024
17 more
- 2024NARUTO: Neural Active Reconstruction from Uncertain Target Observations29 Feb 2024
- 2024Multi-View Neural 3D Reconstruction of Micro-/Nanostructures with Atomic Force Microscopy21 Jan 2024
- 2024DDN-SLAM: Real-time Dense Dynamic Neural Implicit SLAM3 Jan 2024
- 2023Gaussian-SLAM: Photo-realistic Dense SLAM with Gaussian Splatting6 Dec 2023
- 2023LISNeRF Mapping: LiDAR-based Implicit Mapping via Semantic Neural Fields for Large-Scale 3D Scenes4 Nov 2023
- 2023OAAFormer: Robust and Efficient Point Cloud Registration Through Overlapping-Aware Attention in Transformer15 Oct 2023
- 2023PoRF: Pose Residual Field for Accurate Neural Surface Reconstruction11 Oct 2023
- 20233D Reconstruction with Generalizable Neural Fields using Scene Priors26 Sep 2023
- 2023ExBluRF: Efficient Radiance Fields for Extreme Motion Blurred Images16 Sep 2023
- 2023GO-SLAM: Global Optimization for Consistent 3D Instant Reconstruction5 Sep 2023
- 2023MIPS-Fusion: Multi-Implicit-Submaps for Scalable and Robust Online Neural RGB-D Reconstruction17 Aug 2023
- 2023Dynamic Voxel Grid Optimization for High-Fidelity RGB-D Supervised Surface Reconstruction12 Apr 2023
- 2023Point-SLAM: Dense Neural Point Cloud-based SLAM9 Apr 2023
- 2023Uni-Fusion: Universal Continuous Mapping22 Mar 2023
- 2023MobileBrick: Building LEGO for 3D Reconstruction on Mobile Devices3 Mar 2023
- 2022ActiveRMAP: Radiance Field for Active Mapping And Planning23 Nov 2022
- 2022ESLAM: Efficient Dense SLAM System Based on Hybrid Representation of Signed Distance Fields21 Nov 2022
- 2023Point-SLAM: Dense Neural Point Cloud-based SLAMcited by 160
- 2022ESLAM: Efficient Dense SLAM System Based on Hybrid Representation of Signed Distance Fieldscited by 158
- 2023Gaussian-SLAM: Photo-realistic Dense SLAM with Gaussian Splattingcited by 152
- 2023GO-SLAM: Global Optimization for Consistent 3D Instant Reconstructioncited by 132
- 2024Splat-SLAM: Globally Optimized RGB-only SLAM with 3D Gaussianscited by 64
- 2023ExBluRF: Efficient Radiance Fields for Extreme Motion Blurred Imagescited by 38
- 2024GlORIE-SLAM: Globally Optimized RGB-only Implicit Encoding Point Cloud SLAMcited by 36
- 2022ActiveRMAP: Radiance Field for Active Mapping And Planningcited by 29
- 2024NARUTO: Neural Active Reconstruction from Uncertain Target Observationscited by 27
- 2024Neural Visibility Field for Uncertainty-Driven Active Mappingcited by 25
- 2023MIPS-Fusion: Multi-Implicit-Submaps for Scalable and Robust Online Neural RGB-D Reconstructioncited by 24
- 2024DDN-SLAM: Real-time Dense Dynamic Neural Implicit SLAMcited by 22
12 most cited of 29 All 29 (JSON)
- 2026STARS-GS: Structure-Aware Regularized Gaussian Splatting for Large-Scale Aerial Surface Reconstruction3 Sep 2026
- 2026DynActiveGS: Active Gaussian Splatting for Dynamic Scene Reconstruction2 Aug 2026
- 2025Boosting Global-Local Feature Matching via Anomaly Synthesis for Multi-Class Point Cloud Anomaly Detection12 May 2025
- 2025Cues3D: Unleashing the Power of Sole NeRF for Consistent and Unique Instances in Open-Vocabulary 3D Panoptic Segmentation1 May 2025
- 2025Deblur Gaussian Splatting SLAM16 Mar 2025
- 2025ActiveGAMER: Active GAussian Mapping through Efficient Rendering12 Jan 2025
- 2025SP-SLAM: Neural Real-Time Dense SLAM With Scene Priors11 Jan 2025
- 2024Neural Visibility Field for Uncertainty-Driven Active Mapping11 Jun 2024
- 2024Splat-SLAM: Globally Optimized RGB-only SLAM with 3D Gaussians26 May 2024
- 2024NeRFs in Robotics: A Survey2 May 2024
- 2024Behind the Veil: Enhanced Indoor 3D Scene Reconstruction with Occluded Surfaces Completion3 Apr 2024
- 2024GlORIE-SLAM: Globally Optimized RGB-only Implicit Encoding Point Cloud SLAM28 Mar 2024
12 newest of 29 All 29 (JSON)