Point3R: Streaming 3D Reconstruction with Explicit Spatial Pointer Memory
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Abstract (arXiv)
Dense 3D scene reconstruction from an ordered sequence or unordered image collections is a critical step when bringing research in computer vision into practical scenarios. Following the paradigm introduced by DUSt3R, which unifies an image pair densely into a shared coordinate system, subsequent methods maintain an implicit memory to achieve dense 3D reconstruction from more images. However, such implicit memory is limited in capacity and may suffer from information loss of earlier frames. We propose Point3R, an online framework targeting dense streaming 3D reconstruction. To be specific, we maintain an explicit spatial pointer memory directly associated with the 3D structure of the current scene. Each pointer in this memory is assigned a specific 3D position and aggregates scene information nearby in the global coordinate system into a changing spatial feature. Information extracted from the latest frame interacts explicitly with this pointer memory, enabling dense integration of the current observation into the global coordinate system. We design a 3D hierarchical position embedding to promote this interaction and design a simple yet effective fusion mechanism to ensure that our pointer memory is uniform and efficient. Our method achieves competitive or state-of-the-art performance on various tasks with low training costs. Code: https://github.com/YkiWu/Point3R.
Key facts. Cited by 87 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 49 of its 79 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 3 Jul 2025.
Builds on
49 of 79 references.
References · 49
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- 20233D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Radiance Field Renderingcited by 6,226
- 2021RoFormer: Enhanced Transformer with Rotary Position Embeddingcited by 4,703
- 2022Instant Neural Graphics Primitives with a Multiresolution Hash Encodingcited by 3,723
- 2017ScanNet: Richly-annotated 3D Reconstructions of Indoor Scenescited by 3,117
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- 2021Vision Transformers for Dense Predictioncited by 1,803
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- 2023DUSt3R: Geometric 3D Vision Made Easycited by 1,567
- 2017SuperPoint: Self-Supervised Interest Point Detection and Descriptioncited by 1,320
- 2022TensoRF: Tensorial Radiance Fieldscited by 1,280
37 more
- 2024Grounding Image Matching in 3D with MASt3Rcited by 983
- 2018MVSNet: Depth Inference for Unstructured Multi-view Stereocited by 788
- 2023ScanNet++: A High-Fidelity Dataset of 3D Indoor Scenescited by 764
- 2018MegaDepth: Learning Single-View Depth Prediction from Internet Photoscited by 737
- 2021Common Objects in 3D: Large-Scale Learning and Evaluation of Real-life 3D Category Reconstructioncited by 652
- 2020Hypersim: A Photorealistic Synthetic Dataset for Holistic Indoor Scene Understandingcited by 604
- 2023LightGlue: Local Feature Matching at Light Speedcited by 590
- 20163D-R2N2: A Unified Approach for Single and Multi-view 3D Object Reconstructioncited by 588
- 2025Continuous 3D Perception Model with Persistent Statecited by 548
- 2019BlendedMVS: A Large-scale Dataset for Generalized Multi-view Stereo Networkscited by 490
- 2021ARKitScenes: A Diverse Real-World Dataset For 3D Indoor Scene Understanding Using Mobile RGB-D Datacited by 454
- 2024MonST3R: A Simple Approach for Estimating Geometry in the Presence of Motioncited by 442
- 2019Cascade Cost Volume for High-Resolution Multi-View Stereo and Stereo Matchingcited by 417
- 2023Tri-Perspective View for Vision-Based 3D Semantic Occupancy Predictioncited by 409
- 2025Fast3R: Towards 3D Reconstruction of 1000+ Images in One Forward Passcited by 367
- 2020Virtual KITTI 2cited by 353
- 2019D2-Net: A Trainable CNN for Joint Detection and Description of Local Featurescited by 326
- 2023OmniObject3D: Large-Vocabulary 3D Object Dataset for Realistic Perception, Reconstruction and Generationcited by 326
- 2021Neural RGB-D Surface Reconstructioncited by 313
- 2018DeepMVS: Learning Multi-view Stereopsiscited by 277
- 20243D Reconstruction with Spatial Memorycited by 277
- 2023PointOdyssey: A Large-Scale Synthetic Dataset for Long-Term Point Trackingcited by 276
- 2024Rotary Position Embedding for Vision Transformercited by 236
- 2023OccWorld: Learning a 3D Occupancy World Model for Autonomous Drivingcited by 233
- 2023Visual Geometry Grounded Deep Structure From Motioncited by 227
- 2022Geo-Neus: Geometry-Consistent Neural Implicit Surfaces Learning for Multi-view Reconstructioncited by 212
- 2024MASt3R-SLAM: Real-Time Dense SLAM with 3D Reconstruction Priorscited by 205
- 2021NerfingMVS: Guided Optimization of Neural Radiance Fields for Indoor Multi-view Stereocited by 192
- 2020Robust Consistent Video Depth Estimationcited by 188
- 2019ReFusion: 3D Reconstruction in Dynamic Environments for RGB-D Cameras Exploiting Residualscited by 181
- 2018BA-Net: Dense Bundle Adjustment Networkcited by 175
- 2023Spring: A High-Resolution High-Detail Dataset and Benchmark for Scene Flow, Optical Flow and Stereocited by 172
- 2022CroCo: Self-Supervised Pre-training for 3D Vision Tasks by Cross-View Completioncited by 160
- 2024RGBD Objects in the Wild: Scaling Real-World 3D Object Learning from RGB-D Videoscited by 115
- 2022NeRFusion: Fusing Radiance Fields for Large-Scale Scene Reconstructioncited by 100
- 2021Learning to Match Features with Seeded Graph Matching Networkcited by 92
- 2022ClusterGNN: Cluster-based Coarse-to-Fine Graph Neural Network for Efficient Feature Matchingcited by 62
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Citing papers per year: 2025: 20; 2026: 67.
87 papers.
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50 most cited of 87 All 87 (JSON)
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- 2026FILT3R: Latent State Adaptive Kalman Filter for Streaming 3D Reconstruction19 Mar 2026
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- 2026Spark3R: Asymmetric Token Reduction Makes Fast Feed-Forward 3D Reconstruction7 May 2026
- 2026ReCoSplat: Online Feed-Forward Gaussian Splatting via Render-and-Compare10 Mar 2026
- 2026FrameVGGT: Coherence-Preserving Memory for Bounded Streaming Geometry8 Mar 2026
- 2026XStreamVGGT: Extremely Memory-Efficient Streaming Vision Geometry Grounded Transformer with KV Cache Compression25 Feb 2026
- 2026XStreamVGGT: Extremely Memory-Efficient Streaming Vision Geometry Grounded Transformer with KV Cache Compression3 Jan 2026
- 2025Evict3R: Training-Free Token Eviction for Memory-Bounded Streaming Visual Geometry Transformers22 Sep 2025
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- 2026Cog3DMap: Multi-View Vision-Language Reasoning with 3D Cognitive Mapscited by 3
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- 2026Adaptive World Memory 3D Foundation Model for Scalable 3D Mapping, Localization, and Renderingcited by 0
- 2026Adaptive World Memory 3D Foundation Model for Scalable 3D Mapping, Localization, and Rendering18 Sep 2026
- 2026Reasmory: 3D Reconstruction as Explicit Memory for VLMs Spatial Reasoning31 May 2026
- 2026Cog3DMap: Multi-View Vision-Language Reasoning with 3D Cognitive Maps24 Mar 2026
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- 2025WinT3R: Window-Based Streaming Reconstruction with Camera Token Poolcited by 35
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- 2026PURE: Refining Feed-forward 3D Reconstruction with Unlabeled Post-training10 Oct 2026
- 2026Slot3R: Set-Associative Spatial Memory for Streaming 3D Reconstruction8 Oct 2026
- 2026RDGSplat: Render-Dedicated Geometry for Novel View Synthesis6 Oct 2026
- 2026VASC: Value-Aware Sparse Attention with Cross-Layer Memory for Efficient 3D Reconstruction1 Oct 2026
- 2026RegVGGT: Sustainable Visual Geometry Grounding for Streaming via Regulated Memory20 Sep 2026
- 2026Think Locally, Refine Globally for Memory-Efficient 3D Reconstruction18 Sep 2026
- 2026AMB3R-SLAM: Kilometer-scale SLAM with Hierarchical Backend17 Sep 2026
- 2026Scal3R: Learning Efficient Multi-Relative Pose Query for Scalable Online 3D Reconstruction3 Sep 2026
- 2026VI3: Grounding Pretrained 3D Foundation Models with Inertial Cues3 Sep 2026
- 2026Revisiting Local Context for Long-Horizon Streaming 3D Reconstruction27 Aug 2026
- 2026SM4RT: Learning Structured Motion Geometry for 4D Reconstruction24 Jul 2026
- 2026GPOcc++: Unified Sparse Gaussian Occupancy Prediction with Visual Geometry Priors15 Jul 2026
12 newest of 69 All 69 (JSON)