mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

DreamWaltz: Make a Scene with Complex 3D Animatable Avatars

arXiv 2305.12529 ↗First posted 21 May 2023cs.CV cs.LGcited by 82

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Cited by 26 in Diffusion models, but placed by its own abstract, which didn’t fit.

Abstract (arXiv)

We present DreamWaltz, a novel framework for generating and animating complex 3D avatars given text guidance and parametric human body prior. While recent methods have shown encouraging results for text-to-3D generation of common objects, creating high-quality and animatable 3D avatars remains challenging. To create high-quality 3D avatars, DreamWaltz proposes 3D-consistent occlusion-aware Score Distillation Sampling (SDS) to optimize implicit neural representations with canonical poses. It provides view-aligned supervision via 3D-aware skeleton conditioning which enables complex avatar generation without artifacts and multiple faces. For animation, our method learns an animatable 3D avatar representation from abundant image priors of diffusion model conditioned on various poses, which could animate complex non-rigged avatars given arbitrary poses without retraining. Extensive evaluations demonstrate that DreamWaltz is an effective and robust approach for creating 3D avatars that can take on complex shapes and appearances as well as novel poses for animation. The proposed framework further enables the creation of complex scenes with diverse compositions, including avatar-avatar, avatar-object and avatar-scene interactions. See https://dreamwaltz3d.github.io/ for more vivid 3D avatar and animation results.

Key facts. Cited by 82 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 37 of its 51 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 21 May 2023.

Builds on

37 of 51 references.

References · 37

  1. 2014Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimizationcited by 37,240
  2. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,744
  3. 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 21,076
  4. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,863
  5. 2020Denoising Diffusion Implicit Modelscited by 9,781
  6. 2021Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesiscited by 8,255
  7. 2022Hierarchical Text-Conditional Image Generation with CLIP Latentscited by 6,585
  8. 2022Photorealistic Text-to-Image Diffusion Models with Deep Language Understandingcited by 6,355
  9. 2023Adding Conditional Control to Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 5,503
  10. 2022LAION-5B: An open large-scale dataset for training next generation image-text modelscited by 4,152
  11. 2021Improved Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 3,761
  12. 2022Instant Neural Graphics Primitives with a Multiresolution Hash Encodingcited by 3,723
25 more
  1. 2021GLIDE: Towards Photorealistic Image Generation and Editing with Text-Guided Diffusion Modelscited by 3,614
  2. 2022DreamFusion: Text-to-3D using 2D Diffusioncited by 3,025
  3. 2021Mip-NeRF: A Multiscale Representation for Anti-Aliasing Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 1,964
  4. 2019Expressive Body Capture: 3D Hands, Face, and Body from a Single Imagecited by 1,612
  5. 2022Magic3D: High-Resolution Text-to-3D Content Creationcited by 1,290
  6. 2019AMASS: Archive of Motion Capture as Surface Shapescited by 1,236
  7. 2021Conceptual 12M: Pushing Web-Scale Image-Text Pre-Training To Recognize Long-Tail Visual Conceptscited by 1,216
  8. 2019PIFu: Pixel-Aligned Implicit Function for High-Resolution Clothed Human Digitizationcited by 818
  9. 2016Keep it SMPL: Automatic Estimation of 3D Human Pose and Shape from a Single Imagecited by 695
  10. 2023Fantasia3D: Disentangling Geometry and Appearance for High-quality Text-to-3D Content Creationcited by 687
  11. 2022Score Jacobian Chaining: Lifting Pretrained 2D Diffusion Models for 3D Generationcited by 597
  12. 2021Zero-Shot Text-Guided Object Generation with Dream Fieldscited by 513
  13. 2022Latent-NeRF for Shape-Guided Generation of 3D Shapes and Texturescited by 506
  14. 2022HumanNeRF: Free-viewpoint Rendering of Moving People from Monocular Videocited by 483
  15. 2021Animatable Neural Radiance Fields for Modeling Dynamic Human Bodiescited by 361
  16. 2023Composer: Creative and Controllable Image Synthesis with Composable Conditionscited by 304
  17. 2022CLIP-Mesh: Generating textured meshes from text using pretrained image-text modelscited by 281
  18. 2022NeuMan: Neural Human Radiance Field from a Single Videocited by 244
  19. 2023DreamAvatar: Text-and-Shape Guided 3D Human Avatar Generation via Diffusion Modelscited by 154
  20. 2022SelfRecon: Self Reconstruction Your Digital Avatar from Monocular Videocited by 144
  21. 2023HumanSD: A Native Skeleton-Guided Diffusion Model for Human Image Generationcited by 105
  22. 2023MonoHuman: Animatable Human Neural Field from Monocular Videocited by 85
  23. 2023AvatarCraft: Transforming Text into Neural Human Avatars with Parameterized Shape and Pose Controlcited by 84
  24. 2022DeciWatch: A Simple Baseline for 10x Efficient 2D and 3D Pose Estimationcited by 29
  25. 2022Neural Capture of Animatable 3D Human from Monocular Videocited by 22

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2023: 24; 2024: 33; 2025: 20; 2026: 5.

82 papers.

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  1. 2023LucidDreamer: Towards High-Fidelity Text-to-3D Generation via Interval Score Matchingcited by 290
  2. 2023GaussianDreamer: Fast Generation from Text to 3D Gaussians by Bridging 2D and 3D Diffusion Modelscited by 255
  3. 2023RichDreamer: A Generalizable Normal-Depth Diffusion Model for Detail Richness in Text-to-3Dcited by 168
  4. 2023TADA! Text to Animatable Digital Avatarscited by 110
  5. 2023TeCH: Text-guided Reconstruction of Lifelike Clothed Humanscited by 104
  6. 2024MotionLLM: Understanding Human Behaviors from Human Motions and Videoscited by 90
  7. 2023HumanGaussian: Text-Driven 3D Human Generation with Gaussian Splattingcited by 89
  8. 2023HumanNorm: Learning Normal Diffusion Model for High-quality and Realistic 3D Human Generationcited by 88
  9. 2023Paint-it: Text-to-Texture Synthesis via Deep Convolutional Texture Map Optimization and Physically-Based Renderingcited by 84
  10. 2023DreamTime: An Improved Optimization Strategy for Diffusion-Guided 3D Generationcited by 81
  11. 2023GAvatar: Animatable 3D Gaussian Avatars with Implicit Mesh Learningcited by 63
  12. 2024Advances in 3D Generation: A Surveycited by 63
38 more
  1. 2025LHM: Large Animatable Human Reconstruction Model from a Single Image in Secondscited by 61
  2. 2023AvatarVerse: High-quality & Stable 3D Avatar Creation from Text and Posecited by 60
  3. 2024AniGS: Animatable Gaussian Avatar from a Single Image with Inconsistent Gaussian Reconstructioncited by 36
  4. 2023Disentangled Clothed Avatar Generation from Text Descriptionscited by 33
  5. 2024A Comprehensive Survey on 3D Content Generationcited by 28
  6. 2024CharacterGen: Efficient 3D Character Generation from Single Images with Multi-View Pose Canonicalizationcited by 28
  7. 2023Stable Score Distillation for High-Quality 3D Generationcited by 27
  8. 2023TOSS:High-quality Text-guided Novel View Synthesis from a Single Imagecited by 26
  9. 2024AvatarGO: Zero-shot 4D Human-Object Interaction Generation and Animationcited by 25
  10. 2023SEEAvatar: Photorealistic Text-to-3D Avatar Generation with Constrained Geometry and Appearancecited by 24
  11. 2024Hyper-3DG: Text-to-3D Gaussian Generation via Hypergraphcited by 22
  12. 2024TELA: Text to Layer-wise 3D Clothed Human Generationcited by 20
  13. 2023DiffusionGAN3D: Boosting Text-guided 3D Generation and Domain Adaptation by Combining 3D GANs and Diffusion Priorscited by 19
  14. 2023AvatarStudio: High-fidelity and Animatable 3D Avatar Creation from Textcited by 16
  15. 2025Simulating the Real World: A Unified Survey of Multimodal Generative Modelscited by 15
  16. 2023HAVE-FUN: Human Avatar Reconstruction from Few-Shot Unconstrained Imagescited by 13
  17. 2024A Survey on 3D Human Avatar Modeling -- From Reconstruction to Generationcited by 13
  18. 2024STAR: Skeleton-aware Text-based 4D Avatar Generation with In-Network Motion Retargetingcited by 13
  19. 2024DeCo: Decoupled Human-Centered Diffusion Video Editing with Motion Consistencycited by 13
  20. 2024DreamWaltz-G: Expressive 3D Gaussian Avatars from Skeleton-Guided 2D Diffusioncited by 12
  21. 2024HeadEvolver: Text to Head Avatars via Expressive and Attribute-Preserving Mesh Deformationcited by 11
  22. 2025VTON 360: High-Fidelity Virtual Try-On from Any Viewing Directioncited by 10
  23. 2024ClotheDreamer: Text-Guided Garment Generation with 3D Gaussianscited by 9
  24. 2024SimAvatar: Simulation-Ready Avatars with Layered Hair and Clothingcited by 9
  25. 2024DreamVTON: Customizing 3D Virtual Try-on with Personalized Diffusion Modelscited by 8
  26. 2025AdaHuman: Animatable Detailed 3D Human Generation with Compositional Multiview Diffusioncited by 8
  27. 2023X-Dreamer: Creating High-quality 3D Content by Bridging the Domain Gap Between Text-to-2D and Text-to-3D Generationcited by 7
  28. 2024LAGA: Layered 3D Avatar Generation and Customization via Gaussian Splattingcited by 7
  29. 2024HumanCoser: Layered 3D Human Generation via Semantic-Aware Diffusion Modelcited by 7
  30. 2023MVHuman: Tailoring 2D Diffusion with Multi-view Sampling For Realistic 3D Human Generationcited by 6
  31. 2024PlacidDreamer: Advancing Harmony in Text-to-3D Generationcited by 6
  32. 2025WonderHuman: Hallucinating Unseen Parts in Dynamic 3D Human Reconstructioncited by 6
  33. 2024X-Oscar: A Progressive Framework for High-quality Text-guided 3D Animatable Avatar Generationcited by 5
  34. 2024DreamBeast: Distilling 3D Fantastical Animals with Part-Aware Knowledge Transfercited by 5
  35. 2024StdGEN: Semantic-Decomposed 3D Character Generation from Single Imagescited by 5
  36. 2024DAGSM: Disentangled Avatar Generation with GS-enhanced Meshcited by 5
  37. 2025TeRA: Rethinking Text-guided Realistic 3D Avatar Generationcited by 5
  38. 2024MagicMirror: Fast and High-Quality Avatar Generation with a Constrained Search Spacecited by 4

50 most cited of 82 All 82 (JSON)

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025Text-based Animatable 3D Avatars with Morphable Model Alignment
  2. 2023AvatarBooth: High-Quality and Customizable 3D Human Avatar Generation
  3. 2024Instant 3D Human Avatar Generation using Image Diffusion Models
  4. 2022AvatarCLIP: Zero-Shot Text-Driven Generation and Animation of 3D Avatars
  5. 2024Morphable Diffusion: 3D-Consistent Diffusion for Single-image Avatar Creation
  6. 2023Reality's Canvas, Language's Brush: Crafting 3D Avatars from Monocular Video
  7. 2025DreamArt: Generating Interactable Articulated Objects from a Single Image
  8. 2024AniArtAvatar: Animatable 3D Art Avatar from a Single Image