ArtGS: Building Interactable Replicas of Complex Articulated Objects via Gaussian Splatting
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Building articulated objects is a key challenge in computer vision. Existing methods often fail to effectively integrate information across different object states, limiting the accuracy of part-mesh reconstruction and part dynamics modeling, particularly for complex multi-part articulated objects. We introduce ArtGS, a novel approach that leverages 3D Gaussians as a flexible and efficient representation to address these issues. Our method incorporates canonical Gaussians with coarse-to-fine initialization and updates for aligning articulated part information across different object states, and employs a skinning-inspired part dynamics modeling module to improve both part-mesh reconstruction and articulation learning. Extensive experiments on both synthetic and real-world datasets, including a new benchmark for complex multi-part objects, demonstrate that ArtGS achieves state-of-the-art performance in joint parameter estimation and part mesh reconstruction. Our approach significantly improves reconstruction quality and efficiency, especially for multi-part articulated objects. Additionally, we provide comprehensive analyses of our design choices, validating the effectiveness of each component to highlight potential areas for future improvement. Our work is made publicly available at: https://articulate-gs.github.io.
Key facts. Cited by 67 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 85 of its 103 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 26 Feb 2025.
Builds on
85 of 103 references.
References · 85
- 2018The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metriccited by 11,029
- 2023Segment Anythingcited by 8,158
- 20233D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Radiance Field Renderingcited by 6,141
- 2021NeuS: Learning Neural Implicit Surfaces by Volume Rendering for Multi-view Reconstructioncited by 1,701
- 20234D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Dynamic Scene Renderingcited by 1,144
- 20242D Gaussian Splatting for Geometrically Accurate Radiance Fieldscited by 1,061
- 2021Volume Rendering of Neural Implicit Surfacescited by 990
- 2021LoFTR: Detector-Free Local Feature Matching with Transformerscited by 974
- 2020Object-Centric Learning with Slot Attentioncited by 865
- 2023Dynamic 3D Gaussians: Tracking by Persistent Dynamic View Synthesiscited by 731
- 2018Open3D: A Modern Library for 3D Data Processingcited by 717
- 2020SAPIEN: A SimulAted Part-based Interactive ENvironmentcited by 584
38 more
- 2023PhysGaussian: Physics-Integrated 3D Gaussians for Generative Dynamicscited by 368
- 2023An Embodied Generalist Agent in 3D Worldcited by 355
- 2023Spacetime Gaussian Feature Splatting for Real-Time Dynamic View Synthesiscited by 341
- 2023SC-GS: Sparse-Controlled Gaussian Splatting for Editable Dynamic Scenescited by 339
- 20163D Menagerie: Modeling the 3D shape and pose of animalscited by 310
- 2024PGSR: Planar-based Gaussian Splatting for Efficient and High-Fidelity Surface Reconstructioncited by 280
- 2018Total Capture: A 3D Deformation Model for Tracking Faces, Hands, and Bodiescited by 239
- 2021Neural Articulated Radiance Fieldcited by 196
- 2021BANMo: Building Animatable 3D Neural Models from Many Casual Videoscited by 195
- 20233DGS-Avatar: Animatable Avatars via Deformable 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 195
- 2021Where2Act: From Pixels to Actions for Articulated 3D Objectscited by 179
- 2024VR-GS: A Physical Dynamics-Aware Interactive Gaussian Splatting System in Virtual Realitycited by 175
- 2019Category-Level Articulated Object Pose Estimationcited by 158
- 2022Ditto: Building Digital Twins of Articulated Objects from Interactioncited by 152
- 2023BundleSDF: Neural 6-DoF Tracking and 3D Reconstruction of Unknown Objectscited by 144
- 2022GAPartNet: Cross-Category Domain-Generalizable Object Perception and Manipulation via Generalizable and Actionable Partscited by 135
- 2024Reconciling Reality through Simulation: A Real-to-Sim-to-Real Approach for Robust Manipulationcited by 135
- 2024SceneVerse: Scaling 3D Vision-Language Learning for Grounded Scene Understandingcited by 130
- 2023GART: Gaussian Articulated Template Modelscited by 121
- 2019Shape2Motion: Joint Analysis of Motion Parts and Attributes from 3D Shapescited by 117
- 2024PhyScene: Physically Interactable 3D Scene Synthesis for Embodied AIcited by 116
- 2021LASR: Learning Articulated Shape Reconstruction from a Monocular Videocited by 115
- 2023PARIS: Part-level Reconstruction and Motion Analysis for Articulated Objectscited by 115
- 2021A-SDF: Learning Disentangled Signed Distance Functions for Articulated Shape Representationcited by 113
- 20243D Geometry-aware Deformable Gaussian Splatting for Dynamic View Synthesiscited by 109
- 2021LEAP: Learning Articulated Occupancy of Peoplecited by 107
- 2024ManiGaussian: Dynamic Gaussian Splatting for Multi-task Robotic Manipulationcited by 106
- 2024Per-Gaussian Embedding-Based Deformation for Deformable 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 104
- 2024Motion-aware 3D Gaussian Splatting for Efficient Dynamic Scene Reconstructioncited by 100
- 2021CAPTRA: CAtegory-level Pose Tracking for Rigid and Articulated Objects from Point Cloudscited by 83
- 2022AKB-48: A Real-World Articulated Object Knowledge Basecited by 81
- 2020ScrewNet: Category-Independent Articulation Model Estimation From Depth Images Using Screw Theorycited by 70
- 2024Unifying 3D Vision-Language Understanding via Promptable Queriescited by 70
- 2023ARNOLD: A Benchmark for Language-Grounded Task Learning With Continuous States in Realistic 3D Scenescited by 68
- 2024Neural Implicit Representation for Building Digital Twins of Unknown Articulated Objectscited by 67
- 2018Deep Part Induction from Articulated Object Pairscited by 66
- 2023CARTO: Category and Joint Agnostic Reconstruction of ARTiculated Objectscited by 64
- 2024Real2Code: Reconstruct Articulated Objects via Code Generationcited by 64
50 most cited of 85 All 85 (JSON)
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 34; 2026: 33.
67 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2025GWM: Towards Scalable Gaussian World Models for Robotic Manipulationcited by 37
- 2025ArticulatedGS: Self-supervised Digital Twin Modeling of Articulated Objects using 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 35
- 2025Decompositional Neural Scene Reconstruction with Generative Diffusion Priorcited by 30
- 2025DRAWER: Digital Reconstruction and Articulation With Environment Realismcited by 29
- 2025Unveiling the Mist over 3D Vision-Language Understanding: Object-centric Evaluation with Chain-of-Analysiscited by 22
- 2025Particulate: Feed-Forward 3D Object Articulationcited by 20
- 2025iTACO: Interactable Digital Twins of Articulated Objects from Casually Captured RGBD Videoscited by 18
- 2025Articulated Object Estimation in the Wildcited by 18
- 2025GaussianArt: Unified Modeling of Geometry and Motion for Articulated Objectscited by 17
- 2025VideoArtGS: Building Digital Twins of Articulated Objects from Monocular Videocited by 15
- 2025Dexterous World Modelscited by 15
- 2025SplArt: Articulation Estimation and Part-Level Reconstruction with 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 13
38 more
- 2025RobustGS: Unified Boosting of Feedforward 3D Gaussian Splatting under Low-Quality Conditionscited by 13
- 2025Trace3D: Consistent Segmentation Lifting via Gaussian Instance Tracingcited by 13
- 2025HoloScene: Simulation-Ready Interactive 3D Worlds from a Single Videocited by 13
- 2025TACO: Taming Diffusion for in-the-wild Video Amodal Completioncited by 10
- 2025Masked Point-Entity Contrast for Open-Vocabulary 3D Scene Understandingcited by 10
- 2025ArtiLatent: Realistic Articulated 3D Object Generation via Structured Latentscited by 10
- 2025ScrewSplat: An End-to-End Method for Articulated Object Recognitioncited by 9
- 2025ART: Articulated Reconstruction Transformercited by 9
- 2026Articulated 3D Scene Graphs for Open-World Mobile Manipulationcited by 9
- 2025Predict-Optimize-Distill: A Self-Improving Cycle for 4D Object Understandingcited by 8
- 2025Kinematify: Open-Vocabulary Synthesis of High-DoF Articulated Objectscited by 8
- 2026ArtLLM: Generating Articulated Assets via 3D LLMcited by 8
- 2026PhysForge: Generating Physics-Grounded 3D Assets for Interactive Virtual Worldcited by 8
- 2026FunRec: Reconstructing Functional 3D Scenes from Egocentric Interaction Videoscited by 7
- 2026ArtiCAD: Articulated CAD Assembly Design via Multi-Agent Code Generationcited by 7
- 2025REACT3D: Recovering Articulations for Interactive Physical 3D Scenescited by 6
- 2025SPARK: Sim-ready Part-level Articulated Reconstruction with VLM Knowledgecited by 6
- 2026Articulation in Motion: Prior-free Part Mobility Analysis for Articulated Objects By Dynamic-Static Disentanglementcited by 6
- 2025REArtGS++: Generalizable Articulation Reconstruction with Temporal Geometry Constraint via Planar Gaussian Splattingcited by 5
- 2025Advances in Radiance Field for Dynamic Scene: From Neural Field to Gaussian Fieldcited by 4
- 2026Artiverse: A Diverse and Physically Grounded Dataset for Articulated Objectscited by 4
- 2025DragMesh: Interactive 3D Generation Made Easycited by 3
- 20253D Scene Change Modeling With Consistent Multi-View Aggregationcited by 3
- 2026Articulat3D: Reconstructing Articulated Digital Twins From Monocular Videos with Geometric and Motion Constraintscited by 3
- 2026FreeArtGS: Articulated Gaussian Splatting Under Free-moving Scenariocited by 3
- 2026SIMART: Decomposing Monolithic Meshes into Sim-ready Articulated Assets via MLLMcited by 3
- 2026ArtHOI: Taming Foundation Models for Monocular 4D Reconstruction of Hand-Articulated-Object Interactionscited by 3
- 2025UniArt: Unified 3D Representation for Generating 3D Articulated Objects with Open-Set Articulationcited by 2
- 2026DreamPartGen: Semantically Grounded Part-Level 3D Generation via Collaborative Latent Denoisingcited by 2
- 2026Instruct-Particulate: Scaling Feed-Forward 3D Object Articulation with Kinematic Controlcited by 2
- 2025SPLATART: Articulated Gaussian Splatting with Estimated Object Structurecited by 1
- 2025Part2GS: Part-aware Modeling of Articulated Objects using 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 1
- 2025PAOLI: Pose-free Articulated Object Learning from Sparse-view Imagescited by 1
- 2026ArtPro: Self-Supervised Articulated Object Reconstruction with Adaptive Integration of Mobility Proposalscited by 1
- 2026MotionAnymesh: Physics-Grounded Articulation for Simulation-Ready Digital Twinscited by 1
- 2026PAWS: Perception of Articulation in the Wild at Scale from Egocentric Videoscited by 1
- 2026GEAR: GEometry-motion Alternating Refinement for Articulated Object Modeling with Gaussian Splattingcited by 1
- 2026EgoFun3D: Modeling Interactive Objects from Egocentric Videos using Function Templatescited by 1
50 most cited of 67 All 67 (JSON)
- 2026FACT: Fidelity-Aware Construction of Articulated Twins29 Sep 2026
- 2026FAMOS: Feed-Forward 3D Articulation Modeling from Sparse Observations17 Sep 2026
- 2026ArtLang: Structured Language-to-Kinematics Grounding for Articulated 3D Actuation15 Aug 2026
- 2026Articulated Object Reconstruction from Rest-State Observation30 Jul 2026
- 2026StructureGS: Structure-aware Gaussian Splatting for Articulated Object Reconstruction29 Jul 2026
- 2026PWM-ArtGen: Part World Model for Articulated Object Generation2 Jul 2026
- 2026Online Segment 3D Gaussians via Launching Virtual Drones2 Jul 2026
- 2026ArtiTwinSplat: Interactable Digital Twin Reconstruction via Gaussian Splatting from RGB-D videos23 Jun 2026
- 2026DragMesh-2: Physically Plausible Dexterous Hand-Object Interaction with Articulated Objects13 Jun 2026
- 2026Instruct-Particulate: Scaling Feed-Forward 3D Object Articulation with Kinematic Control12 Jun 2026
- 2026Revisiting Articulated Parts Perception in Robot Manipulation6 Jun 2026
- 2026Artiverse: A Diverse and Physically Grounded Dataset for Articulated Objects23 May 2026
38 more
- 2026ArtSplat: Feed-Forward Articulated 3D Gaussian Splatting from Sparse Multi-State Uncalibrated Views23 May 2026
- 2026ArtMesh: Part-Aware Articulated Mesh Fields with Motion-Consistent Dynamics15 May 2026
- 2026PhysForge: Generating Physics-Grounded 3D Assets for Interactive Virtual World6 May 2026
- 20263D Generation for Embodied AI and Robotic Simulation: A Survey29 Apr 2026
- 2026EgoFun3D: Modeling Interactive Objects from Egocentric Videos using Function Templates13 Apr 2026
- 2026ArtiCAD: Articulated CAD Assembly Design via Multi-Agent Code Generation13 Apr 2026
- 2026DailyArt: Discovering Articulation from Single Static Images via Latent Dynamics9 Apr 2026
- 2026GEAR: GEometry-motion Alternating Refinement for Articulated Object Modeling with Gaussian Splatting9 Apr 2026
- 2026FunRec: Reconstructing Functional 3D Scenes from Egocentric Interaction Videos7 Apr 2026
- 2026ArtHOI: Taming Foundation Models for Monocular 4D Reconstruction of Hand-Articulated-Object Interactions26 Mar 2026
- 2026PAWS: Perception of Articulation in the Wild at Scale from Egocentric Videos26 Mar 2026
- 2026SIMART: Decomposing Monolithic Meshes into Sim-ready Articulated Assets via MLLM24 Mar 2026
- 2026FreeArtGS: Articulated Gaussian Splatting Under Free-moving Scenario23 Mar 2026
- 2026DreamPartGen: Semantically Grounded Part-Level 3D Generation via Collaborative Latent Denoising19 Mar 2026
- 2026MotionAnymesh: Physics-Grounded Articulation for Simulation-Ready Digital Twins13 Mar 2026
- 2026Articulat3D: Reconstructing Articulated Digital Twins From Monocular Videos with Geometric and Motion Constraints12 Mar 2026
- 2026ArtHOI: Articulated Human-Object Interaction Synthesis by 4D Reconstruction from Video Priors4 Mar 2026
- 2026Articulation in Motion: Prior-free Part Mobility Analysis for Articulated Objects By Dynamic-Static Disentanglement3 Mar 2026
- 2026ArtLLM: Generating Articulated Assets via 3D LLM1 Mar 2026
- 2026ArtPro: Self-Supervised Articulated Object Reconstruction with Adaptive Integration of Mobility Proposals26 Feb 2026
- 2026Articulated 3D Scene Graphs for Open-World Mobile Manipulation18 Feb 2026
- 20253D Scene Change Modeling With Consistent Multi-View Aggregation28 Dec 2025
- 2025Dexterous World Models19 Dec 2025
- 2025ART: Articulated Reconstruction Transformer16 Dec 2025
- 2025Particulate: Feed-Forward 3D Object Articulation12 Dec 2025
- 2025DragMesh: Interactive 3D Generation Made Easy6 Dec 2025
- 2025SPARK: Sim-ready Part-level Articulated Reconstruction with VLM Knowledge1 Dec 2025
- 2025UniArt: Unified 3D Representation for Generating 3D Articulated Objects with Open-Set Articulation26 Nov 2025
- 2025SPAGS: Sparse-View Articulated Object Reconstruction from Single State via Planar Gaussian Splatting21 Nov 2025
- 2025REArtGS++: Generalizable Articulation Reconstruction with Temporal Geometry Constraint via Planar Gaussian Splatting21 Nov 2025
- 2025Kinematify: Open-Vocabulary Synthesis of High-DoF Articulated Objects3 Nov 2025
- 2025ArtiLatent: Realistic Articulated 3D Object Generation via Structured Latents24 Oct 2025
- 2025KineDiff3D: Kinematic-Aware Diffusion for Category-Level Articulated Object Shape Reconstruction and Generation20 Oct 2025
- 2025REACT3D: Recovering Articulations for Interactive Physical 3D Scenes13 Oct 2025
- 2025HoloScene: Simulation-Ready Interactive 3D Worlds from a Single Video7 Oct 2025
- 2025VideoArtGS: Building Digital Twins of Articulated Objects from Monocular Video22 Sep 2025
- 2025PAOLI: Pose-free Articulated Object Learning from Sparse-view Images4 Sep 2025
- 2025Articulated Object Estimation in the Wild1 Sep 2025
50 newest of 67 All 67 (JSON)
- 2025GWM: Towards Scalable Gaussian World Models for Robotic Manipulationcited by 37
- 2025Dexterous World Modelscited by 15
- 2026DailyArt: Discovering Articulation from Single Static Images via Latent Dynamicscited by 0
- 2026PWM-ArtGen: Part World Model for Articulated Object Generationcited by 0
- 2026PWM-ArtGen: Part World Model for Articulated Object Generation2 Jul 2026
- 2026DailyArt: Discovering Articulation from Single Static Images via Latent Dynamics9 Apr 2026
- 2025Dexterous World Models19 Dec 2025
- 2025GWM: Towards Scalable Gaussian World Models for Robotic Manipulation25 Aug 2025
- 2025ArticulatedGS: Self-supervised Digital Twin Modeling of Articulated Objects using 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 35
- 2025DRAWER: Digital Reconstruction and Articulation With Environment Realismcited by 29
- 2025Unveiling the Mist over 3D Vision-Language Understanding: Object-centric Evaluation with Chain-of-Analysiscited by 22
- 2025Particulate: Feed-Forward 3D Object Articulationcited by 20
- 2025iTACO: Interactable Digital Twins of Articulated Objects from Casually Captured RGBD Videoscited by 18
- 2025Articulated Object Estimation in the Wildcited by 18
- 2025GaussianArt: Unified Modeling of Geometry and Motion for Articulated Objectscited by 17
- 2025VideoArtGS: Building Digital Twins of Articulated Objects from Monocular Videocited by 15
- 2025SplArt: Articulation Estimation and Part-Level Reconstruction with 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 13
- 2025RobustGS: Unified Boosting of Feedforward 3D Gaussian Splatting under Low-Quality Conditionscited by 13
- 2025Trace3D: Consistent Segmentation Lifting via Gaussian Instance Tracingcited by 13
- 2025HoloScene: Simulation-Ready Interactive 3D Worlds from a Single Videocited by 13
12 most cited of 58 All 58 (JSON)
- 2026FACT: Fidelity-Aware Construction of Articulated Twins29 Sep 2026
- 2026FAMOS: Feed-Forward 3D Articulation Modeling from Sparse Observations17 Sep 2026
- 2026ArtLang: Structured Language-to-Kinematics Grounding for Articulated 3D Actuation15 Aug 2026
- 2026Articulated Object Reconstruction from Rest-State Observation30 Jul 2026
- 2026StructureGS: Structure-aware Gaussian Splatting for Articulated Object Reconstruction29 Jul 2026
- 2026Online Segment 3D Gaussians via Launching Virtual Drones2 Jul 2026
- 2026ArtiTwinSplat: Interactable Digital Twin Reconstruction via Gaussian Splatting from RGB-D videos23 Jun 2026
- 2026DragMesh-2: Physically Plausible Dexterous Hand-Object Interaction with Articulated Objects13 Jun 2026
- 2026Revisiting Articulated Parts Perception in Robot Manipulation6 Jun 2026
- 2026Artiverse: A Diverse and Physically Grounded Dataset for Articulated Objects23 May 2026
- 2026ArtSplat: Feed-Forward Articulated 3D Gaussian Splatting from Sparse Multi-State Uncalibrated Views23 May 2026
- 2026ArtMesh: Part-Aware Articulated Mesh Fields with Motion-Consistent Dynamics15 May 2026
12 newest of 58 All 58 (JSON)