InverseRenderNet: Learning single image inverse rendering
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Abstract (arXiv)
We show how to train a fully convolutional neural network to perform inverse rendering from a single, uncontrolled image. The network takes an RGB image as input, regresses albedo and normal maps from which we compute lighting coefficients. Our network is trained using large uncontrolled image collections without ground truth. By incorporating a differentiable renderer, our network can learn from self-supervision. Since the problem is ill-posed we introduce additional supervision: 1. We learn a statistical natural illumination prior, 2. Our key insight is to perform offline multiview stereo (MVS) on images containing rich illumination variation. From the MVS pose and depth maps, we can cross project between overlapping views such that Siamese training can be used to ensure consistent estimation of photometric invariants. MVS depth also provides direct coarse supervision for normal map estimation. We believe this is the first attempt to use MVS supervision for learning inverse rendering.
Key facts. Cited by 100 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 29 Nov 2018.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 23; 2022: 17; 2023: 22; 2024: 20; 2025: 14; 2026: 4.
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- 2024GeoWizard: Unleashing the Diffusion Priors for 3D Geometry Estimation from a Single Imagecited by 286
- 2022Modeling Indirect Illumination for Inverse Renderingcited by 168
- 2023NeRO: Neural Geometry and BRDF Reconstruction of Reflective Objects from Multiview Imagescited by 163
- 2021NeRFactor: Neural Factorization of Shape and Reflectance Under an Unknown Illuminationcited by 135
- 2021NeRF for Outdoor Scene Relightingcited by 114
- 2023Neural Fields meet Explicit Geometric Representation for Inverse Rendering of Urban Scenescited by 90
- 2021Learning Indoor Inverse Rendering with 3D Spatially-Varying Lightingcited by 83
- 2024IntrinsicAnything: Learning Diffusion Priors for Inverse Rendering Under Unknown Illuminationcited by 67
- 2025DiffusionRenderer: Neural Inverse and Forward Rendering with Video Diffusion Modelscited by 57
- 2021Shape from Polarization for Complex Scenes in the Wildcited by 53
- 2021DIB-R++: Learning to Predict Lighting and Material with a Hybrid Differentiable Renderercited by 52
- 2022PANDORA: Polarization-Aided Neural Decomposition Of Radiancecited by 52
38 more
- 2023Stanford-ORB: A Real-World 3D Object Inverse Rendering Benchmarkcited by 51
- 2022IntrinsicNeRF: Learning Intrinsic Neural Radiance Fields for Editable Novel View Synthesiscited by 50
- 2023Generative Models: What Do They Know? Do They Know Things? Let's Find Out!cited by 50
- 2021AvatarMe++: Facial Shape and BRDF Inference with Photorealistic Rendering-Aware GANscited by 49
- 2021Self-supervised Outdoor Scene Relightingcited by 48
- 2023StyleGAN knows Normal, Depth, Albedo, and Morecited by 44
- 2022Relighting4D: Neural Relightable Human from Videoscited by 41
- 2025UniRelight: Learning Joint Decomposition and Synthesis for Video Relightingcited by 40
- 2023NeFII: Inverse Rendering for Reflectance Decomposition with Near-Field Indirect Illuminationcited by 38
- 2021A Survey on Intrinsic Images: Delving Deep Into Lambert and Beyondcited by 37
- 2021Shape and Material Capture at Homecited by 36
- 2023NeMF: Inverse Volume Rendering with Neural Microflake Fieldcited by 34
- 2022De-rendering 3D Objects in the Wildcited by 31
- 2021De-rendering the World's Revolutionary Artefactscited by 28
- 2024Photorealistic Object Insertion with Diffusion-Guided Inverse Renderingcited by 27
- 2022PIE-Net: Photometric Invariant Edge Guided Network for Intrinsic Image Decompositioncited by 26
- 2023UrbanIR: Large-Scale Urban Scene Inverse Rendering from a Single Videocited by 22
- 2023IntrinsicAvatar: Physically Based Inverse Rendering of Dynamic Humans from Monocular Videos via Explicit Ray Tracingcited by 20
- 2023LightSim: Neural Lighting Simulation for Urban Scenescited by 20
- 2024GenLit: Reformulating Single-Image Relighting as Video Generationcited by 20
- 2022SeamlessGAN: Self-Supervised Synthesis of Tileable Texture Mapscited by 19
- 2023SIRe-IR: Inverse Rendering for BRDF Reconstruction with Shadow and Illumination Removal in High-Illuminance Scenescited by 19
- 2024Neural LightRig: Unlocking Accurate Object Normal and Material Estimation with Multi-Light Diffusioncited by 19
- 2021Outdoor inverse rendering from a single image using multiview self-supervisioncited by 18
- 2021Towers of Babel: Combining Images, Language, and 3D Geometry for Learning Multimodal Visioncited by 18
- 2022Estimating Reflectance Layer from A Single Image: Integrating Reflectance Guidance and Shadow/Specular Aware Learningcited by 18
- 2024PRTGS: Precomputed Radiance Transfer of Gaussian Splats for Real-Time High-Quality Relightingcited by 18
- 2022SPARF: Large-Scale Learning of 3D Sparse Radiance Fields from Few Input Imagescited by 17
- 2024Latent Intrinsics Emerge from Training to Relightcited by 17
- 2023Measured Albedo in the Wild: Filling the Gap in Intrinsics Evaluationcited by 16
- 2025LuxDiT: Lighting Estimation with Video Diffusion Transformercited by 15
- 2021Spatially-Varying Outdoor Lighting Estimation from Intrinsicscited by 14
- 2023Weakly-supervised Single-view Image Relightingcited by 14
- 2025Rethinking Driving World Model as Synthetic Data Generator for Perception Taskscited by 14
- 2023Accidental Light Probescited by 13
- 2024PBR-NeRF: Inverse Rendering with Physics-Based Neural Fieldscited by 13
- 2024Surfel-based Gaussian Inverse Rendering for Fast and Relightable Dynamic Human Reconstruction from Monocular Videocited by 12
- 2021Deep Image-based Illumination Harmonizationcited by 11
50 most cited of 100 All 100 (JSON)
- 2026AEGIR: Modeling Area Emitters for Indoor Inverse Rendering using Gaussian Splatting26 Jun 2026
- 2026BRDFusion: Physics Meets Generation for Urban Scene Inverse Rendering15 Jun 2026
- 2026The frame-level leakage trap: rethinking evaluation protocols for intrinsic image decomposition, with source-separable uncertainty as a case study7 May 2026
- 2026Olbedo: An Albedo and Shading Aerial Dataset for Large-Scale Outdoor Environments24 Feb 2026
- 2025MVInverse: Feed-forward Multi-view Inverse Rendering in Seconds24 Dec 2025
- 2025GAINS: Gaussian-based Inverse Rendering from Sparse Multi-View Captures10 Dec 2025
- 2025Yesnt: Are Diffusion Relighting Models Ready for Capture Stage Compositing? A Hybrid Alternative to Bridge the Gap27 Oct 2025
- 2025Rethinking Driving World Model as Synthetic Data Generator for Perception Tasks22 Oct 2025
- 2025LuxDiT: Lighting Estimation with Video Diffusion Transformer3 Sep 2025
- 2025A Real-world Display Inverse Rendering Dataset20 Aug 2025
- 2025Spatiotemporally Consistent Indoor Lighting Estimation with Diffusion Priors11 Aug 2025
- 2025InvRGB+L: Inverse Rendering of Complex Scenes with Unified Color and LiDAR Reflectance Modeling23 Jul 2025
38 more
- 2025UniRelight: Learning Joint Decomposition and Synthesis for Video Relighting18 Jun 2025
- 2025Spatial Polarization Multiplexing: Single-Shot Invisible Shape and Reflectance Recovery17 Apr 2025
- 2025TranSplat: Instant Object Relighting in Gaussian Splatting via Spherical Harmonic Radiance Transfer28 Mar 2025
- 2025Intrinsic Image Decomposition for Robust Self-supervised Monocular Depth Estimation on Reflective Surfaces28 Mar 2025
- 2025Channel-wise Noise Scheduled Diffusion for Inverse Rendering in Indoor Scenes13 Mar 2025
- 2025DiffusionRenderer: Neural Inverse and Forward Rendering with Video Diffusion Models30 Jan 2025
- 2024GenLit: Reformulating Single-Image Relighting as Video Generation15 Dec 2024
- 2024PBR-NeRF: Inverse Rendering with Physics-Based Neural Fields12 Dec 2024
- 2024Neural LightRig: Unlocking Accurate Object Normal and Material Estimation with Multi-Light Diffusion12 Dec 2024
- 2024Differentiable Inverse Rendering with Interpretable Basis BRDFs27 Nov 2024
- 2024A General Albedo Recovery Approach for Aerial Photogrammetric Images through Inverse Rendering4 Sep 2024
- 2024MERLiN: Single-Shot Material Estimation and Relighting for Photometric Stereo1 Sep 2024
- 2024Photorealistic Object Insertion with Diffusion-Guided Inverse Rendering19 Aug 2024
- 2024PRTGS: Precomputed Radiance Transfer of Gaussian Splats for Real-Time High-Quality Relighting7 Aug 2024
- 2024Sun Off, Lights On: Photorealistic Monocular Nighttime Simulation for Robust Semantic Perception29 Jul 2024
- 2024Surfel-based Gaussian Inverse Rendering for Fast and Relightable Dynamic Human Reconstruction from Monocular Video21 Jul 2024
- 2024Relighting Scenes with Object Insertions in Neural Radiance Fields21 Jun 2024
- 2024Latent Intrinsics Emerge from Training to Relight31 May 2024
- 2024Semantic Aware Diffusion Inverse Tone Mapping24 May 2024
- 2024Multistable Shape from Shading Emerges from Patch Diffusion23 May 2024
- 2024IntrinsicAnything: Learning Diffusion Priors for Inverse Rendering Under Unknown Illumination17 Apr 2024
- 2024LightOctree: Lightweight 3D Spatially-Coherent Indoor Lighting Estimation5 Apr 2024
- 2024GaNI: Global and Near Field Illumination Aware Neural Inverse Rendering22 Mar 2024
- 2024Unsupervised Intrinsic Image Decomposition with LiDAR Intensity Enhanced Training21 Mar 2024
- 2024GeoWizard: Unleashing the Diffusion Priors for 3D Geometry Estimation from a Single Image18 Mar 2024
- 2024NECA: Neural Customizable Human Avatar15 Mar 2024
- 2023LightSim: Neural Lighting Simulation for Urban Scenes11 Dec 2023
- 2023IntrinsicAvatar: Physically Based Inverse Rendering of Dynamic Humans from Monocular Videos via Explicit Ray Tracing8 Dec 2023
- 2023Diffusion Reflectance Map: Single-Image Stochastic Inverse Rendering of Illumination and Reflectance7 Dec 2023
- 2023Differentiable Point-based Inverse Rendering5 Dec 2023
- 2023Generative Models: What Do They Know? Do They Know Things? Let's Find Out!28 Nov 2023
- 2023The Sky's the Limit: Re-lightable Outdoor Scenes via a Sky-pixel Constrained Illumination Prior and Outside-In Visibility28 Nov 2023
- 2023Decomposer: Semi-supervised Learning of Image Restoration and Image Decomposition28 Nov 2023
- 2023Stanford-ORB: A Real-World 3D Object Inverse Rendering Benchmark24 Oct 2023
- 2023SIRe-IR: Inverse Rendering for BRDF Reconstruction with Shadow and Illumination Removal in High-Illuminance Scenes19 Oct 2023
- 2023Measured Albedo in the Wild: Filling the Gap in Intrinsics Evaluation27 Jun 2023
- 2023UrbanIR: Large-Scale Urban Scene Inverse Rendering from a Single Video15 Jun 2023
- 2023StyleGAN knows Normal, Depth, Albedo, and More1 Jun 2023
50 newest of 100 All 100 (JSON)
- 2024GeoWizard: Unleashing the Diffusion Priors for 3D Geometry Estimation from a Single Imagecited by 286
- 2024IntrinsicAnything: Learning Diffusion Priors for Inverse Rendering Under Unknown Illuminationcited by 67
- 2025DiffusionRenderer: Neural Inverse and Forward Rendering with Video Diffusion Modelscited by 57
- 2023Generative Models: What Do They Know? Do They Know Things? Let's Find Out!cited by 50
- 2024Photorealistic Object Insertion with Diffusion-Guided Inverse Renderingcited by 27
- 2024GenLit: Reformulating Single-Image Relighting as Video Generationcited by 20
- 2024Neural LightRig: Unlocking Accurate Object Normal and Material Estimation with Multi-Light Diffusioncited by 19
- 2025LuxDiT: Lighting Estimation with Video Diffusion Transformercited by 15
- 2025Spatiotemporally Consistent Indoor Lighting Estimation with Diffusion Priorscited by 6
- 2025Channel-wise Noise Scheduled Diffusion for Inverse Rendering in Indoor Scenescited by 1
- 2025Yesnt: Are Diffusion Relighting Models Ready for Capture Stage Compositing? A Hybrid Alternative to Bridge the Gapcited by 1
- 2025GAINS: Gaussian-based Inverse Rendering from Sparse Multi-View Capturescited by 1
- 2025GAINS: Gaussian-based Inverse Rendering from Sparse Multi-View Captures10 Dec 2025
- 2025Yesnt: Are Diffusion Relighting Models Ready for Capture Stage Compositing? A Hybrid Alternative to Bridge the Gap27 Oct 2025
- 2025LuxDiT: Lighting Estimation with Video Diffusion Transformer3 Sep 2025
- 2025Spatiotemporally Consistent Indoor Lighting Estimation with Diffusion Priors11 Aug 2025
- 2025Channel-wise Noise Scheduled Diffusion for Inverse Rendering in Indoor Scenes13 Mar 2025
- 2025DiffusionRenderer: Neural Inverse and Forward Rendering with Video Diffusion Models30 Jan 2025
- 2024GenLit: Reformulating Single-Image Relighting as Video Generation15 Dec 2024
- 2024Neural LightRig: Unlocking Accurate Object Normal and Material Estimation with Multi-Light Diffusion12 Dec 2024
- 2024Photorealistic Object Insertion with Diffusion-Guided Inverse Rendering19 Aug 2024
- 2024IntrinsicAnything: Learning Diffusion Priors for Inverse Rendering Under Unknown Illumination17 Apr 2024
- 2024GeoWizard: Unleashing the Diffusion Priors for 3D Geometry Estimation from a Single Image18 Mar 2024
- 2023Generative Models: What Do They Know? Do They Know Things? Let's Find Out!28 Nov 2023
- 2022Modeling Indirect Illumination for Inverse Renderingcited by 168
- 2023NeRO: Neural Geometry and BRDF Reconstruction of Reflective Objects from Multiview Imagescited by 163
- 2021NeRFactor: Neural Factorization of Shape and Reflectance Under an Unknown Illuminationcited by 135
- 2021NeRF for Outdoor Scene Relightingcited by 114
- 2023Neural Fields meet Explicit Geometric Representation for Inverse Rendering of Urban Scenescited by 90
- 2021Learning Indoor Inverse Rendering with 3D Spatially-Varying Lightingcited by 83
- 2021Shape from Polarization for Complex Scenes in the Wildcited by 53
- 2021DIB-R++: Learning to Predict Lighting and Material with a Hybrid Differentiable Renderercited by 52
- 2022PANDORA: Polarization-Aided Neural Decomposition Of Radiancecited by 52
- 2023Stanford-ORB: A Real-World 3D Object Inverse Rendering Benchmarkcited by 51
- 2022IntrinsicNeRF: Learning Intrinsic Neural Radiance Fields for Editable Novel View Synthesiscited by 50
- 2021AvatarMe++: Facial Shape and BRDF Inference with Photorealistic Rendering-Aware GANscited by 49
12 most cited of 87 All 87 (JSON)
- 2026AEGIR: Modeling Area Emitters for Indoor Inverse Rendering using Gaussian Splatting26 Jun 2026
- 2026BRDFusion: Physics Meets Generation for Urban Scene Inverse Rendering15 Jun 2026
- 2026The frame-level leakage trap: rethinking evaluation protocols for intrinsic image decomposition, with source-separable uncertainty as a case study7 May 2026
- 2026Olbedo: An Albedo and Shading Aerial Dataset for Large-Scale Outdoor Environments24 Feb 2026
- 2025MVInverse: Feed-forward Multi-view Inverse Rendering in Seconds24 Dec 2025
- 2025A Real-world Display Inverse Rendering Dataset20 Aug 2025
- 2025InvRGB+L: Inverse Rendering of Complex Scenes with Unified Color and LiDAR Reflectance Modeling23 Jul 2025
- 2025UniRelight: Learning Joint Decomposition and Synthesis for Video Relighting18 Jun 2025
- 2025Spatial Polarization Multiplexing: Single-Shot Invisible Shape and Reflectance Recovery17 Apr 2025
- 2025TranSplat: Instant Object Relighting in Gaussian Splatting via Spherical Harmonic Radiance Transfer28 Mar 2025
- 2025Intrinsic Image Decomposition for Robust Self-supervised Monocular Depth Estimation on Reflective Surfaces28 Mar 2025
- 2024PBR-NeRF: Inverse Rendering with Physics-Based Neural Fields12 Dec 2024
12 newest of 87 All 87 (JSON)