Learned Vertex Descent: A New Direction for 3D Human Model Fitting
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Abstract (arXiv)
We propose a novel optimization-based paradigm for 3D human model fitting on images and scans. In contrast to existing approaches that directly regress the parameters of a low-dimensional statistical body model (e.g. SMPL) from input images, we train an ensemble of per-vertex neural fields network. The network predicts, in a distributed manner, the vertex descent direction towards the ground truth, based on neural features extracted at the current vertex projection. At inference, we employ this network, dubbed LVD, within a gradient-descent optimization pipeline until its convergence, which typically occurs in a fraction of a second even when initializing all vertices into a single point. An exhaustive evaluation demonstrates that our approach is able to capture the underlying body of clothed people with very different body shapes, achieving a significant improvement compared to state-of-the-art. LVD is also applicable to 3D model fitting of humans and hands, for which we show a significant improvement to the SOTA with a much simpler and faster method.
Key facts. Cited by 37 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 64 of its 88 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 12 May 2022.
Builds on
64 of 88 references.
References · 64
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38 more
- 2020Neural Body: Implicit Neural Representations with Structured Latent Codes for Novel View Synthesis of Dynamic Humanscited by 634
- 2019Learning to Reconstruct 3D Human Pose and Shape via Model-fitting in the Loopcited by 625
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- 2020PIFuHD: Multi-Level Pixel-Aligned Implicit Function for High-Resolution 3D Human Digitizationcited by 521
- 2020End-to-End Human Pose and Mesh Reconstruction with Transformerscited by 417
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- 2019Convolutional Mesh Regression for Single-Image Human Shape Reconstructioncited by 270
- 2020Neural Unsigned Distance Fields for Implicit Function Learningcited by 265
- 2020ARCH: Animatable Reconstruction of Clothed Humanscited by 257
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- 2018Video Based Reconstruction of 3D People Modelscited by 237
- 2020PaMIR: Parametric Model-Conditioned Implicit Representation for Image-based Human Reconstructioncited by 231
- 2018Learning to Estimate 3D Human Pose and Shape from a Single Color Imagecited by 226
- 2021SNARF: Differentiable Forward Skinning for Animating Non-Rigid Neural Implicit Shapescited by 221
- 2017Unite the People: Closing the Loop Between 3D and 2D Human Representationscited by 205
- 2018Neural Body Fitting: Unifying Deep Learning and Model-Based Human Pose and Shape Estimationcited by 185
- 2021SCANimate: Weakly Supervised Learning of Skinned Clothed Avatar Networkscited by 181
- 2021ARCH++: Animation-Ready Clothed Human Reconstruction Revisitedcited by 174
- 2019Learning to Reconstruct People in Clothing from a Single RGB Cameracited by 168
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- 2021SMPLicit: Topology-aware Generative Model for Clothed Peoplecited by 154
- 2021Probabilistic Modeling for Human Mesh Recoverycited by 152
- 2019NASA: Neural Articulated Shape Approximationcited by 149
- 2020TailorNet: Predicting Clothing in 3D as a Function of Human Pose, Shape and Garment Stylecited by 148
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- 2020Exemplar Fine-Tuning for 3D Human Model Fitting Towards In-the-Wild 3D Human Pose Estimationcited by 113
- 2019Exploiting temporal context for 3D human pose estimation in the wildcited by 110
- 2020LoopReg: Self-supervised Learning of Implicit Surface Correspondences, Pose and Shape for 3D Human Mesh Registrationcited by 108
- 2019Deep Mesh Reconstruction from Single RGB Images via Topology Modification Networkscited by 106
- 2019Learning elementary structures for 3D shape generation and matchingcited by 98
- 2022CHORE: Contact, Human and Object REconstruction from a single RGB imagecited by 95
- 2018DeepWrinkles: Accurate and Realistic Clothing Modelingcited by 90
- 2021The Power of Points for Modeling Humans in Clothingcited by 90
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- 2020Synthetic Training for Accurate 3D Human Pose and Shape Estimation in the Wildcited by 82
50 most cited of 64 All 64 (JSON)
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Citing papers per year: 2022: 2; 2023: 17; 2024: 8; 2025: 4; 2026: 6.
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- 2023Visibility Aware Human-Object Interaction Tracking from Single RGB Cameracited by 58
- 2024Neural Localizer Fields for Continuous 3D Human Pose and Shape Estimationcited by 57
- 20233D Human Mesh Estimation from Virtual Markerscited by 44
- 2023Template Free Reconstruction of Human-object Interaction with Procedural Interaction Generationcited by 37
- 2023Object pop-up: Can we infer 3D objects and their poses from human interactions alone?cited by 36
- 2023SplatArmor: Articulated Gaussian splatting for animatable humans from monocular RGB videoscited by 35
- 2025Human3R: Everyone Everywhere All at Oncecited by 35
- 2023Learning Clothing and Pose Invariant 3D Shape Representation for Long-Term Person Re-Identificationcited by 34
- 20233D-Aware Neural Body Fitting for Occlusion Robust 3D Human Pose Estimationcited by 28
- 2023Drivable Avatar Clothing: Faithful Full-Body Telepresence with Dynamic Clothing Driven by Sparse RGB-D Inputcited by 22
- 2024InterTrack: Tracking Human Object Interaction without Object Templatescited by 22
- 2023NICP: Neural ICP for 3D Human Registration at Scalecited by 21
25 more
- 2022Structured 3D Features for Reconstructing Controllable Avatarscited by 19
- 2023VQ-HPS: Human Pose and Shape Estimation in a Vector-Quantized Latent Spacecited by 13
- 2024MEGA: Masked Generative Autoencoder for Human Mesh Recoverycited by 13
- 2023Delving Deep into Pixel Alignment Feature for Accurate Multi-view Human Mesh Recoverycited by 10
- 2023ProxyCap: Real-time Monocular Full-body Capture in World Space via Human-Centric Proxy-to-Motion Learningcited by 9
- 2024MeshPose: Unifying DensePose and 3D Body Mesh reconstructioncited by 8
- 2023KBody: Towards general, robust, and aligned monocular whole-body estimationcited by 6
- 2024ShapeBoost: Boosting Human Shape Estimation with Part-Based Parameterization and Clothing-Preserving Augmentationcited by 4
- 2022Learning Canonical Embeddings for Unsupervised Shape Correspondence with Locally Linear Transformationscited by 2
- 2023Mesh Strikes Back: Fast and Efficient Human Reconstruction from RGB videoscited by 2
- 2023Reconstructing 3D Human Pose from RGB-D Data with Occlusionscited by 2
- 20243D Kinematics Estimation from Video with a Biomechanical Model and Synthetic Training Datacited by 2
- 2025PHD: Personalized 3D Human Body Fitting with Point Diffusioncited by 2
- 2026ETCH-X: Robustify Expressive Body Fitting to Clothed Humans with Composable Datasetscited by 2
- 2023Motion-DVAE: Unsupervised learning for fast human motion denoisingcited by 1
- 2023SwimXYZ: A large-scale dataset of synthetic swimming motions and videoscited by 1
- 2024SPARE: Symmetrized Point-to-Plane Distance for Robust Non-Rigid 3D Registrationcited by 1
- 2026GRAFT: Geometric Refinement and Fitting Transformer for Human Scene Reconstructioncited by 1
- 2026Learn2Splat: Extending the Horizon of Learned 3DGS Optimizationcited by 1
- 2026Ordered Diffusion for 3D Human Registrationcited by 1
- 2024Single-image coherent reconstruction of objects and humanscited by 0
- 2025LieHMR: Autoregressive Human Mesh Recovery with SO(3) Diffusioncited by 0
- 2025GLVD: Guided Learned Vertex Descentcited by 0
- 2026LEXIS: LatEnt ProXimal Interaction Signatures for 3D HOI from an Imagecited by 0
- 2026Revisiting Avatar-As-Image: High-Fidelity Registration is All You Needcited by 0
- 2026Revisiting Avatar-As-Image: High-Fidelity Registration is All You Need10 Sep 2026
- 2026Ordered Diffusion for 3D Human Registration6 Aug 2026
- 2026Learn2Splat: Extending the Horizon of Learned 3DGS Optimization15 May 2026
- 2026LEXIS: LatEnt ProXimal Interaction Signatures for 3D HOI from an Image22 Apr 2026
- 2026GRAFT: Geometric Refinement and Fitting Transformer for Human Scene Reconstruction21 Apr 2026
- 2026ETCH-X: Robustify Expressive Body Fitting to Clothed Humans with Composable Datasets9 Apr 2026
- 2025Human3R: Everyone Everywhere All at Once7 Oct 2025
- 2025GLVD: Guided Learned Vertex Descent7 Oct 2025
- 2025LieHMR: Autoregressive Human Mesh Recovery with SO(3) Diffusion30 Sep 2025
- 2025PHD: Personalized 3D Human Body Fitting with Point Diffusion28 Aug 2025
- 2024InterTrack: Tracking Human Object Interaction without Object Templates25 Aug 2024
- 2024Single-image coherent reconstruction of objects and humans15 Aug 2024
25 more
- 2024Neural Localizer Fields for Continuous 3D Human Pose and Shape Estimation10 Jul 2024
- 2024MeshPose: Unifying DensePose and 3D Body Mesh reconstruction14 Jun 2024
- 2024SPARE: Symmetrized Point-to-Plane Distance for Robust Non-Rigid 3D Registration30 May 2024
- 2024MEGA: Masked Generative Autoencoder for Human Mesh Recovery29 May 2024
- 2024ShapeBoost: Boosting Human Shape Estimation with Part-Based Parameterization and Clothing-Preserving Augmentation2 Mar 2024
- 20243D Kinematics Estimation from Video with a Biomechanical Model and Synthetic Training Data20 Feb 2024
- 2023NICP: Neural ICP for 3D Human Registration at Scale21 Dec 2023
- 2023VQ-HPS: Human Pose and Shape Estimation in a Vector-Quantized Latent Space13 Dec 2023
- 2023Template Free Reconstruction of Human-object Interaction with Procedural Interaction Generation12 Dec 2023
- 2023SplatArmor: Articulated Gaussian splatting for animatable humans from monocular RGB videos17 Nov 2023
- 2023Drivable Avatar Clothing: Faithful Full-Body Telepresence with Dynamic Clothing Driven by Sparse RGB-D Input9 Oct 2023
- 2023SwimXYZ: A large-scale dataset of synthetic swimming motions and videos6 Oct 2023
- 2023Reconstructing 3D Human Pose from RGB-D Data with Occlusions2 Oct 2023
- 2023Learning Clothing and Pose Invariant 3D Shape Representation for Long-Term Person Re-Identification21 Aug 2023
- 20233D-Aware Neural Body Fitting for Occlusion Robust 3D Human Pose Estimation19 Aug 2023
- 2023ProxyCap: Real-time Monocular Full-body Capture in World Space via Human-Centric Proxy-to-Motion Learning3 Jul 2023
- 2023Motion-DVAE: Unsupervised learning for fast human motion denoising9 Jun 2023
- 2023Object pop-up: Can we infer 3D objects and their poses from human interactions alone?1 Jun 2023
- 2023KBody: Towards general, robust, and aligned monocular whole-body estimation23 Apr 2023
- 2023Visibility Aware Human-Object Interaction Tracking from Single RGB Camera29 Mar 2023
- 20233D Human Mesh Estimation from Virtual Markers21 Mar 2023
- 2023Mesh Strikes Back: Fast and Efficient Human Reconstruction from RGB videos15 Mar 2023
- 2023Delving Deep into Pixel Alignment Feature for Accurate Multi-view Human Mesh Recovery15 Jan 2023
- 2022Structured 3D Features for Reconstructing Controllable Avatars13 Dec 2022
- 2022Learning Canonical Embeddings for Unsupervised Shape Correspondence with Locally Linear Transformations5 Sep 2022
- 2023Visibility Aware Human-Object Interaction Tracking from Single RGB Cameracited by 58
- 2024Neural Localizer Fields for Continuous 3D Human Pose and Shape Estimationcited by 57
- 20233D Human Mesh Estimation from Virtual Markerscited by 44
- 2023Object pop-up: Can we infer 3D objects and their poses from human interactions alone?cited by 36
- 2023SplatArmor: Articulated Gaussian splatting for animatable humans from monocular RGB videoscited by 35
- 2025Human3R: Everyone Everywhere All at Oncecited by 35
- 2023Learning Clothing and Pose Invariant 3D Shape Representation for Long-Term Person Re-Identificationcited by 34
- 20233D-Aware Neural Body Fitting for Occlusion Robust 3D Human Pose Estimationcited by 28
- 2023Drivable Avatar Clothing: Faithful Full-Body Telepresence with Dynamic Clothing Driven by Sparse RGB-D Inputcited by 22
- 2024InterTrack: Tracking Human Object Interaction without Object Templatescited by 22
- 2023NICP: Neural ICP for 3D Human Registration at Scalecited by 21
- 2022Structured 3D Features for Reconstructing Controllable Avatarscited by 19
12 most cited of 36 All 36 (JSON)
- 2026Revisiting Avatar-As-Image: High-Fidelity Registration is All You Need10 Sep 2026
- 2026Ordered Diffusion for 3D Human Registration6 Aug 2026
- 2026Learn2Splat: Extending the Horizon of Learned 3DGS Optimization15 May 2026
- 2026LEXIS: LatEnt ProXimal Interaction Signatures for 3D HOI from an Image22 Apr 2026
- 2026GRAFT: Geometric Refinement and Fitting Transformer for Human Scene Reconstruction21 Apr 2026
- 2026ETCH-X: Robustify Expressive Body Fitting to Clothed Humans with Composable Datasets9 Apr 2026
- 2025Human3R: Everyone Everywhere All at Once7 Oct 2025
- 2025GLVD: Guided Learned Vertex Descent7 Oct 2025
- 2025LieHMR: Autoregressive Human Mesh Recovery with SO(3) Diffusion30 Sep 2025
- 2025PHD: Personalized 3D Human Body Fitting with Point Diffusion28 Aug 2025
- 2024InterTrack: Tracking Human Object Interaction without Object Templates25 Aug 2024
- 2024Single-image coherent reconstruction of objects and humans15 Aug 2024
12 newest of 36 All 36 (JSON)