mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

BEAM: Bridging Physically-based Rendering and Gaussian Modeling for Relightable Volumetric Video

arXiv 2502.08297 ↗First posted 12 Feb 2025cs.GR cs.CVcited by 5

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Abstract (arXiv)

Volumetric video enables immersive experiences by capturing dynamic 3D scenes, enabling diverse applications for virtual reality, education, and telepresence. However, traditional methods struggle with fixed lighting conditions, while neural approaches face trade-offs in efficiency, quality, or adaptability for relightable scenarios. To address these limitations, we present BEAM, a novel pipeline that bridges 4D Gaussian representations with physically-based rendering (PBR) to produce high-quality, relightable volumetric videos from multi-view RGB footage. BEAM recovers detailed geometry and PBR properties via a series of available Gaussian-based techniques. It first combines Gaussian-based human performance tracking with geometry-aware rasterization in a coarse-to-fine optimization framework to recover spatially and temporally consistent geometries. We further enhance Gaussian attributes by incorporating PBR properties step by step. We generate roughness via a multi-view-conditioned diffusion model, and then derive AO and base color using a 2D-to-3D strategy, incorporating a tailored Gaussian-based ray tracer for efficient visibility computation. Once recovered, these dynamic, relightable assets integrate seamlessly into traditional CG pipelines, supporting real-time rendering with deferred shading and offline rendering with ray tracing. By offering realistic, lifelike visualizations under diverse lighting conditions, BEAM opens new possibilities for interactive entertainment, storytelling, and creative visualization.

Key facts. Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 48 of its 85 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 12 Feb 2025.

Builds on

48 of 85 references.

References · 48

  1. 20233D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Radiance Field Renderingcited by 6,226
  2. 2022Instant Neural Graphics Primitives with a Multiresolution Hash Encodingcited by 3,723
  3. 2021Plenoxels: Radiance Fields without Neural Networkscited by 1,613
  4. 2020D-NeRF: Neural Radiance Fields for Dynamic Scenescited by 1,465
  5. 2023Dynamic 3D Gaussians: Tracking by Persistent Dynamic View Synthesiscited by 737
  6. 2020Neural Body: Implicit Neural Representations with Structured Latent Codes for Novel View Synthesis of Dynamic Humanscited by 634
  7. 2020NeRV: Neural Reflectance and Visibility Fields for Relighting and View Synthesiscited by 496
  8. 2020Non-Rigid Neural Radiance Fields: Reconstruction and Novel View Synthesis of a Dynamic Scene From Monocular Videocited by 471
  9. 2024CLAY: A Controllable Large-scale Generative Model for Creating High-quality 3D Assetscited by 455
  10. 2020NeRD: Neural Reflectance Decomposition from Image Collectionscited by 449
  11. 2020Space-time Neural Irradiance Fields for Free-Viewpoint Videocited by 414
  12. 2023SC-GS: Sparse-Controlled Gaussian Splatting for Editable Dynamic Scenescited by 347
36 more
  1. 2023Spacetime Gaussian Feature Splatting for Real-Time Dynamic View Synthesiscited by 344
  2. 2023GaussianShader: 3D Gaussian Splatting with Shading Functions for Reflective Surfacescited by 252
  3. 2021Function4D: Real-time Human Volumetric Capture from Very Sparse Consumer RGBD Sensorscited by 246
  4. 2022Tensor4D : Efficient Neural 4D Decomposition for High-fidelity Dynamic Reconstruction and Renderingcited by 217
  5. 20244D-Rotor Gaussian Splatting: Towards Efficient Novel View Synthesis for Dynamic Scenescited by 189
  6. 2023HumanRF: High-Fidelity Neural Radiance Fields for Humans in Motioncited by 161
  7. 20243DGStream: On-the-Fly Training of 3D Gaussians for Efficient Streaming of Photo-Realistic Free-Viewpoint Videoscited by 160
  8. 2023Relightable 3D Gaussians: Realistic Point Cloud Relighting with BRDF Decomposition and Ray Tracingcited by 142
  9. 2022NeILF: Neural Incident Light Field for Physically-based Material Estimationcited by 105
  10. 2024DiLightNet: Fine-grained Lighting Control for Diffusion-based Image Generationcited by 93
  11. 2023AvatarReX: Real-time Expressive Full-body Avatarscited by 84
  12. 2023Neural Residual Radiance Fields for Streamably Free-Viewpoint Videoscited by 77
  13. 2016VolumeDeform: Real-time Volumetric Non-rigid Reconstructioncited by 75
  14. 2023DiffusionRig: Learning Personalized Priors for Facial Appearance Editingcited by 75
  15. 2020Neural Deformation Graphs for Globally-consistent Non-rigid Reconstructioncited by 67
  16. 2024IRGS: Inter-Reflective Gaussian Splatting with 2D Gaussian Ray Tracingcited by 54
  17. 2024PhysAvatar: Learning the Physics of Dressed 3D Avatars from Visual Observationscited by 51
  18. 2022NeuralHOFusion: Neural Volumetric Rendering under Human-object Interactionscited by 44
  19. 2023Relighting Neural Radiance Fields with Shadow and Highlight Hintscited by 42
  20. 2022Relighting4D: Neural Relightable Human from Videoscited by 41
  21. 2021Neural Free-Viewpoint Performance Rendering under Complex Human-object Interactionscited by 37
  22. 2024MeshAvatar: Learning High-quality Triangular Human Avatars from Multi-view Videoscited by 34
  23. 2024Robust Dual Gaussian Splatting for Immersive Human-centric Volumetric Videoscited by 30
  24. 2024V^3: Viewing Volumetric Videos on Mobiles via Streamable 2D Dynamic Gaussianscited by 29
  25. 2023Relightable and Animatable Neural Avatar from Sparse-View Videocited by 28
  26. 2023TriHuman : A Real-time and Controllable Tri-plane Representation for Detailed Human Geometry and Appearance Synthesiscited by 28
  27. 2023Instant-NVR: Instant Neural Volumetric Rendering for Human-object Interactions from Monocular RGBD Streamcited by 23
  28. 2021Relighting Humans in the Wild: Monocular Full-Body Human Relighting with Domain Adaptationcited by 21
  29. 2019Relighting Humans: Occlusion-Aware Inverse Rendering for Full-Body Human Imagescited by 16
  30. 20244D Gaussian Splatting: Modeling Dynamic Scenes with Native 4D Primitivescited by 15
  31. 2024VRVVC: Variable-Rate NeRF-Based Volumetric Video Compressioncited by 14
  32. 2022HDHumans: A Hybrid Approach for High-fidelity Digital Humanscited by 12
  33. 2025VARFVV: View-Adaptive Real-Time Interactive Free-View Video Streaming with Edge Computingcited by 12
  34. 2023Relightable Neural Actor with Intrinsic Decomposition and Pose Controlcited by 11
  35. 2024SMPLX-Lite: A Realistic and Drivable Avatar Benchmark with Rich Geometry and Texture Annotationscited by 7
  36. 2024Real-time Free-view Human Rendering from Sparse-view RGB Videos using Double Unprojected Texturescited by 7

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 1; 2026: 4.

5 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025Yesnt: Are Diffusion Relighting Models Ready for Capture Stage Compositing? A Hybrid Alternative to Bridge the Gap
  2. 2026CAGS: Color-Adaptive Volumetric Video Streaming with Dynamic 3D Gaussian Splatting
  3. 2025PhysGM: Large Physical Gaussian Model for Feed-Forward 4D Synthesis
  4. 2026Generative Relightable Avatars
  5. 2026MMPhysVideo: Physically Plausible Video Generation Through Joint RGB-Perception Modeling
  6. 2023LightGaussian: Unbounded 3D Gaussian Compression with 15x Reduction and 200+ FPS
  7. 2025Large Material Gaussian Model for Relightable 3D Generation
  8. 2025SViM3D: Stable Video Material Diffusion for Single Image 3D Generation