GALA3D: Towards Text-to-3D Complex Scene Generation via Layout-guided Generative Gaussian Splatting
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Abstract (arXiv)
We present GALA3D, generative 3D GAussians with LAyout-guided control, for effective compositional text-to-3D generation. We first utilize large language models (LLMs) to generate the initial layout and introduce a layout-guided 3D Gaussian representation for 3D content generation with adaptive geometric constraints. We then propose an instance-scene compositional optimization mechanism with conditioned diffusion to collaboratively generate realistic 3D scenes with consistent geometry, texture, scale, and accurate interactions among multiple objects while simultaneously adjusting the coarse layout priors extracted from the LLMs to align with the generated scene. Experiments show that GALA3D is a user-friendly, end-to-end framework for state-of-the-art scene-level 3D content generation and controllable editing while ensuring the high fidelity of object-level entities within the scene. The source codes and models will be available at gala3d.github.io.
Key facts. Cited by 104 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 33 of its 37 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 11 Feb 2024.
Builds on
33 of 37 references.
References · 33
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 20,851
- 20233D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Radiance Field Renderingcited by 6,141
- 2023Adding Conditional Control to Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 5,466
- 2022DreamFusion: Text-to-3D using 2D Diffusioncited by 3,006
- 2022Magic3D: High-Resolution Text-to-3D Content Creationcited by 1,285
- 2023ProlificDreamer: High-Fidelity and Diverse Text-to-3D Generation with Variational Score Distillationcited by 1,207
- 2023MVDream: Multi-view Diffusion for 3D Generationcited by 928
- 2023DreamGaussian: Generative Gaussian Splatting for Efficient 3D Content Creationcited by 837
- 2023Fantasia3D: Disentangling Geometry and Appearance for High-quality Text-to-3D Content Creationcited by 684
- 2022Score Jacobian Chaining: Lifting Pretrained 2D Diffusion Models for 3D Generationcited by 597
- 2021Zero-Shot Text-Guided Object Generation with Dream Fieldscited by 513
- 2022Latent-NeRF for Shape-Guided Generation of 3D Shapes and Texturescited by 506
21 more
- 2023LayoutGPT: Compositional Visual Planning and Generation with Large Language Modelscited by 337
- 2023Text-to-3D using Gaussian Splattingcited by 299
- 2023LucidDreamer: Towards High-Fidelity Text-to-3D Generation via Interval Score Matchingcited by 290
- 2023Holodeck: Language Guided Generation of 3D Embodied AI Environmentscited by 257
- 2023DreamBooth3D: Subject-Driven Text-to-3D Generationcited by 235
- 2023GaussianEditor: Editing 3D Gaussians Delicately with Text Instructionscited by 166
- 2022Dream3D: Zero-Shot Text-to-3D Synthesis Using 3D Shape Prior and Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 151
- 2023Compositional 3D Scene Generation using Locally Conditioned Diffusioncited by 101
- 20233D-GPT: Procedural 3D Modeling with Large Language Modelscited by 91
- 2023HumanGaussian: Text-Driven 3D Human Generation with Gaussian Splattingcited by 89
- 2023AnyHome: Open-Vocabulary Generation of Structured and Textured 3D Homescited by 81
- 2023Set-the-Scene: Global-Local Training for Generating Controllable NeRF Scenescited by 75
- 2023CompoNeRF: Text-guided Multi-object Compositional NeRF with Editable 3D Scene Layoutcited by 57
- 2023T3Bench: Benchmarking Current Progress in Text-to-3D Generationcited by 56
- 2023SceneWiz3D: Towards Text-guided 3D Scene Compositioncited by 54
- 2023Robust e-NeRF: NeRF from Sparse & Noisy Events under Non-Uniform Motioncited by 44
- 2023CG3D: Compositional Generation for Text-to-3D via Gaussian Splattingcited by 42
- 2015Text to 3D Scene Generation with Rich Lexical Groundingcited by 36
- 2023GaussianDiffusion: 3D Gaussian Splatting for Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models with Structured Noisecited by 30
- 2023Towards Language-guided Interactive 3D Generation: LLMs as Layout Interpreter with Generative Feedbackcited by 17
- 2023Make-A-Character: High Quality Text-to-3D Character Generation within Minutescited by 8
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 36; 2025: 47; 2026: 21.
104 papers.
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- 2024Recent Advances in 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 130
- 2024LayoutVLM: Differentiable Optimization of 3D Layout via Vision-Language Modelscited by 94
- 2024AbsGS: Recovering Fine Details for 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 80
- 20243D Gaussian Splatting: Survey, Technologies, Challenges, and Opportunitiescited by 77
- 2024TC4D: Trajectory-Conditioned Text-to-4D Generationcited by 76
- 2024DreamScene: 3D Gaussian-based Text-to-3D Scene Generation via Formation Pattern Samplingcited by 72
- 2024EchoScene: Indoor Scene Generation via Information Echo over Scene Graph Diffusioncited by 66
- 2024Meta 3D AssetGen: Text-to-Mesh Generation with High-Quality Geometry, Texture, and PBR Materialscited by 66
- 2025Scenethesis: A Language and Vision Agentic Framework for 3D Scene Generationcited by 65
- 20244K4DGen: Panoramic 4D Generation at 4K Resolutioncited by 54
- 2025SceneWeaver: All-in-One 3D Scene Synthesis with an Extensible and Self-Reflective Agentcited by 53
- 2024SceneTeller: Language-to-3D Scene Generationcited by 43
38 more
- 2024When LLMs step into the 3D World: A Survey and Meta-Analysis of 3D Tasks via Multi-modal Large Language Modelscited by 41
- 2024The Scene Language: Representing Scenes with Programs, Words, and Embeddingscited by 31
- 2025Decompositional Neural Scene Reconstruction with Generative Diffusion Priorcited by 30
- 2025Global-Local Tree Search in VLMs for 3D Indoor Scene Generationcited by 29
- 2025ArtiScene: Language-Driven Artistic 3D Scene Generation Through Image Intermediarycited by 27
- 2025Direct Numerical Layout Generation for 3D Indoor Scene Synthesis via Spatial Reasoningcited by 27
- 2024AvatarGO: Zero-shot 4D Human-Object Interaction Generation and Animationcited by 25
- 2024Large Language Models for Manufacturingcited by 24
- 2024DynamicScaler: Seamless and Scalable Video Generation for Panoramic Scenescited by 24
- 20253D Scene Generation: A Surveycited by 24
- 2024VividDream: Generating 3D Scene with Ambient Dynamicscited by 21
- 2024Layout-your-3D: Controllable and Precise 3D Generation with 2D Blueprintcited by 21
- 2024BrightDreamer: Generic 3D Gaussian Generative Framework for Fast Text-to-3D Synthesiscited by 20
- 2024Trans4D: Realistic Geometry-Aware Transition for Compositional Text-to-4D Synthesiscited by 19
- 2025A Survey on 3D Gaussian Splatting Applications: Segmentation, Editing, and Generationcited by 19
- 2024Compositional 3D-aware Video Generation with LLM Directorcited by 18
- 2025HiScene: Creating Hierarchical 3D Scenes with Isometric View Generationcited by 18
- 2025WorldGen: From Text to Traversable and Interactive 3D Worldscited by 18
- 2024Advancing Extended Reality with 3D Gaussian Splatting: Innovations and Prospectscited by 17
- 2026MV-SAM3D: Adaptive Multi-View Fusion for Layout-Aware 3D Generationcited by 16
- 2025Sat2City: 3D City Generation from A Single Satellite Image with Cascaded Latent Diffusioncited by 15
- 2024EditRoom: LLM-parameterized Graph Diffusion for Composable 3D Room Layout Editingcited by 14
- 2025SPATIALGEN: Layout-guided 3D Indoor Scene Generationcited by 14
- 2025PAT3D: Physics-Augmented Text-to-3D Scene Generationcited by 14
- 2024A Survey on 3D Human Avatar Modeling -- From Reconstruction to Generationcited by 13
- 2024SceneGenAgent: Precise Industrial Scene Generation with Coding Agentcited by 12
- 2025LAYOUTDREAMER: Physics-guided Layout for Text-to-3D Compositional Scene Generationcited by 11
- 2024CompGS: Unleashing 2D Compositionality for Compositional Text-to-3D via Dynamically Optimizing 3D Gaussianscited by 10
- 2024Story3D-Agent: Exploring 3D Storytelling Visualization with Large Language Modelscited by 9
- 2024DreamHOI: Subject-Driven Generation of 3D Human-Object Interactions with Diffusion Priorscited by 9
- 2024Semantic Score Distillation Sampling for Compositional Text-to-3D Generationcited by 9
- 2024DreamDissector: Learning Disentangled Text-to-3D Generation from 2D Diffusion Priorscited by 8
- 2024DreamScape: 3D Scene Creation via Gaussian Splatting joint Correlation Modelingcited by 7
- 2024MARVEL-40M+: Multi-Level Visual Elaboration for High-Fidelity Text-to-3D Content Creationcited by 7
- 2025Digital Twin Generation from Visual Data: A Surveycited by 7
- 2025TRELLISWorld: Training-Free World Generation from Object Generatorscited by 7
- 2025DiMeR: Disentangled Mesh Reconstruction Modelcited by 6
- 2025Towards Geometric and Textural Consistency 3D Scene Generation via Single Image-guided Model Generation and Layout Optimizationcited by 6
50 most cited of 104 All 104 (JSON)
- 2026Unifying Policy Learning and State Prediction through Spatial Language Modeling8 Oct 2026
- 2026Mira-Scene: Pixel-Aligned Layouts for Generative 3D Scene Reconstruction20 Sep 2026
- 2026SceneMosaic: Efficient and Diverse Simulation-Ready Scene Generation via Hybrid Agentic Layout Evolution4 Sep 2026
- 2026iARCS: Iterative Agentic RL for Controllable 3D Scene Generation6 Aug 2026
- 2026ThinkBLOX: 3D Indoor Scene Generation with Progressive Reasoning15 Jul 2026
- 2026Interpretable Human-Label-Free Deep Learning for Real-Bogus Classification with Uncertainty Quantification6 Jul 2026
- 2026SimWorlds: A Multi-Agent System for Dynamic 3D Scene Creation2 Jul 2026
- 2026Inclusive Interactive Collisions for Multi-View Consistent Compositional 3D Generation23 Jun 2026
- 2026Sat2City v2: Native 3D City Asset Generation from a Single Satellite Image23 Jun 2026
- 2026Global-Local Monte Carlo Tree Search in Vision-Language Models for Text-to-3D Indoor Scene Generation4 Jun 2026
- 2026Perceive-then-Plan: Layout-as-Policy for Monocular 3D Scene Layout Estimation25 May 2026
- 2026GenRecon: Bridging Generative Priors for Multi-View 3D Scene Reconstruction22 May 2026
38 more
- 2026Co-generation of Layout and Shape from Text via Autoregressive 3D Diffusion17 Apr 2026
- 2026Pair2Scene: Learning Local Object Relations for Procedural Scene Generation13 Apr 2026
- 2026HOG-Layout: Hierarchical 3D Scene Generation, Optimization and Editing via Vision-Language Models12 Apr 2026
- 2026Text-to-Stage: Spatial Layouts from Long-form Narratives18 Mar 2026
- 2026MV-SAM3D: Adaptive Multi-View Fusion for Layout-Aware 3D Generation12 Mar 2026
- 2026Pano3DComposer: Feed-Forward Compositional 3D Scene Generation from Single Panoramic Image6 Mar 2026
- 2026DM-CFO: A Diffusion Model for Compositional 3D Tooth Generation with Collision-Free Optimization4 Mar 2026
- 2026PSGS: Text-driven Panorama Sliding Scene Generation via Gaussian Splatting31 Jan 2026
- 2026RoamScene3D: Immersive Text-to-3D Scene Generation via Adaptive Object-aware Roaming27 Jan 2026
- 2025AnchorHOI: Zero-shot Generation of 4D Human-Object Interaction via Anchor-based Prior Distillation16 Dec 2025
- 2025I-Scene: 3D Instance Models are Implicit Generalizable Spatial Learners15 Dec 2025
- 2025Self-Evolving 3D Scene Generation from a Single Image9 Dec 2025
- 2025MVRoom: Controllable 3D Indoor Scene Generation with Multi-View Diffusion Models3 Dec 2025
- 2025PAT3D: Physics-Augmented Text-to-3D Scene Generation26 Nov 2025
- 2025WorldGen: From Text to Traversable and Interactive 3D Worlds20 Nov 2025
- 2025Large Language Models and 3D Vision for Intelligent Robotic Perception and Autonomy14 Nov 2025
- 2025HiGS: Hierarchical Generative Scene Framework for Multi-Step Associative Semantic Spatial Composition31 Oct 2025
- 2025EA3D: Online Open-World 3D Object Extraction from Streaming Videos29 Oct 2025
- 2025TRELLISWorld: Training-Free World Generation from Object Generators27 Oct 2025
- 2025BSGS: Bi-stage 3D Gaussian Splatting for Camera Motion Deblurring14 Oct 2025
- 2025SceneWeaver: All-in-One 3D Scene Synthesis with an Extensible and Self-Reflective Agent24 Sep 2025
- 2025SPATIALGEN: Layout-guided 3D Indoor Scene Generation18 Sep 2025
- 2025HLG: Comprehensive 3D Room Construction via Hierarchical Layout Generation25 Aug 2025
- 2025A Survey on 3D Gaussian Splatting Applications: Segmentation, Editing, and Generation13 Aug 2025
- 20253DFroMLLM: 3D Prototype Generation only from Pretrained Multimodal LLMs12 Aug 2025
- 20253D Software Synthesis Driven by Constraint-Expressive Intermediate Representation24 Jul 2025
- 2025Towards Geometric and Textural Consistency 3D Scene Generation via Single Image-guided Model Generation and Layout Optimization20 Jul 2025
- 2025DreamScene: 3D Gaussian-based End-to-end Text-to-3D Scene Generation18 Jul 2025
- 20253D-Generalist: Self-Improving Vision-Language-Action Models for Crafting 3D Worlds9 Jul 2025
- 2025Sat2City: 3D City Generation from A Single Satellite Image with Cascaded Latent Diffusion6 Jul 2025
- 2025From 2D to 3D Cognition: A Brief Survey of General World Models25 Jun 2025
- 2025ImmerseGen: Agent-Guided Immersive World Generation with Alpha-Textured Proxies17 Jun 2025
- 2025Efficient multi-view training for 3D Gaussian Splatting15 Jun 2025
- 2025Direct Numerical Layout Generation for 3D Indoor Scene Synthesis via Spatial Reasoning5 Jun 2025
- 2025ArtiScene: Language-Driven Artistic 3D Scene Generation Through Image Intermediary31 May 2025
- 2025Constructing a 3D Scene from a Single Image21 May 2025
- 20253D Scene Generation: A Survey8 May 2025
- 2025Apply Hierarchical-Chain-of-Generation to Complex Attributes Text-to-3D Generation7 May 2025
50 newest of 104 All 104 (JSON)
- 2024EchoScene: Indoor Scene Generation via Information Echo over Scene Graph Diffusioncited by 66
- 2025Decompositional Neural Scene Reconstruction with Generative Diffusion Priorcited by 30
- 2024AvatarGO: Zero-shot 4D Human-Object Interaction Generation and Animationcited by 25
- 2024DynamicScaler: Seamless and Scalable Video Generation for Panoramic Scenescited by 24
- 20253D Scene Generation: A Surveycited by 24
- 2024Trans4D: Realistic Geometry-Aware Transition for Compositional Text-to-4D Synthesiscited by 19
- 2024Compositional 3D-aware Video Generation with LLM Directorcited by 18
- 2025Sat2City: 3D City Generation from A Single Satellite Image with Cascaded Latent Diffusioncited by 15
- 2024DreamHOI: Subject-Driven Generation of 3D Human-Object Interactions with Diffusion Priorscited by 9
- 2024Semantic Score Distillation Sampling for Compositional Text-to-3D Generationcited by 9
- 2024DreamDissector: Learning Disentangled Text-to-3D Generation from 2D Diffusion Priorscited by 8
- 2024DreamScape: 3D Scene Creation via Gaussian Splatting joint Correlation Modelingcited by 7
12 most cited of 17 All 17 (JSON)
- 2026Inclusive Interactive Collisions for Multi-View Consistent Compositional 3D Generation23 Jun 2026
- 2026DM-CFO: A Diffusion Model for Compositional 3D Tooth Generation with Collision-Free Optimization4 Mar 2026
- 2025AnchorHOI: Zero-shot Generation of 4D Human-Object Interaction via Anchor-based Prior Distillation16 Dec 2025
- 2025MVRoom: Controllable 3D Indoor Scene Generation with Multi-View Diffusion Models3 Dec 2025
- 2025Sat2City: 3D City Generation from A Single Satellite Image with Cascaded Latent Diffusion6 Jul 2025
- 20253D Scene Generation: A Survey8 May 2025
- 2025Decompositional Neural Scene Reconstruction with Generative Diffusion Prior19 Mar 2025
- 2024DynamicScaler: Seamless and Scalable Video Generation for Panoramic Scenes15 Dec 2024
- 2024SLayR: Scene Layout Generation with Rectified Flow6 Dec 2024
- 2024Semantic Score Distillation Sampling for Compositional Text-to-3D Generation11 Oct 2024
- 2024AvatarGO: Zero-shot 4D Human-Object Interaction Generation and Animation9 Oct 2024
- 2024Trans4D: Realistic Geometry-Aware Transition for Compositional Text-to-4D Synthesis9 Oct 2024
12 newest of 17 All 17 (JSON)
- 2025Scenethesis: A Language and Vision Agentic Framework for 3D Scene Generationcited by 65
- 2025SceneWeaver: All-in-One 3D Scene Synthesis with an Extensible and Self-Reflective Agentcited by 53
- 2024SceneGenAgent: Precise Industrial Scene Generation with Coding Agentcited by 12
- 2024Story3D-Agent: Exploring 3D Storytelling Visualization with Large Language Modelscited by 9
- 2026SimWorlds: A Multi-Agent System for Dynamic 3D Scene Creationcited by 4
- 2026iARCS: Iterative Agentic RL for Controllable 3D Scene Generationcited by 1
- 2026SceneMosaic: Efficient and Diverse Simulation-Ready Scene Generation via Hybrid Agentic Layout Evolutioncited by 0
- 2026SceneMosaic: Efficient and Diverse Simulation-Ready Scene Generation via Hybrid Agentic Layout Evolution4 Sep 2026
- 2026iARCS: Iterative Agentic RL for Controllable 3D Scene Generation6 Aug 2026
- 2026SimWorlds: A Multi-Agent System for Dynamic 3D Scene Creation2 Jul 2026
- 2025SceneWeaver: All-in-One 3D Scene Synthesis with an Extensible and Self-Reflective Agent24 Sep 2025
- 2025Scenethesis: A Language and Vision Agentic Framework for 3D Scene Generation5 May 2025
- 2024SceneGenAgent: Precise Industrial Scene Generation with Coding Agent29 Oct 2024
- 2024Story3D-Agent: Exploring 3D Storytelling Visualization with Large Language Models21 Aug 2024
- 2024LayoutVLM: Differentiable Optimization of 3D Layout via Vision-Language Modelscited by 94
- 2025Direct Numerical Layout Generation for 3D Indoor Scene Synthesis via Spatial Reasoningcited by 27
- 20253D-Generalist: Self-Improving Vision-Language-Action Models for Crafting 3D Worldscited by 3
- 2026Global-Local Monte Carlo Tree Search in Vision-Language Models for Text-to-3D Indoor Scene Generationcited by 1
- 2026Text-to-Stage: Spatial Layouts from Long-form Narrativescited by 0
- 2026ThinkBLOX: 3D Indoor Scene Generation with Progressive Reasoningcited by 0
- 2026ThinkBLOX: 3D Indoor Scene Generation with Progressive Reasoning15 Jul 2026
- 2026Global-Local Monte Carlo Tree Search in Vision-Language Models for Text-to-3D Indoor Scene Generation4 Jun 2026
- 2026Text-to-Stage: Spatial Layouts from Long-form Narratives18 Mar 2026
- 20253D-Generalist: Self-Improving Vision-Language-Action Models for Crafting 3D Worlds9 Jul 2025
- 2025Direct Numerical Layout Generation for 3D Indoor Scene Synthesis via Spatial Reasoning5 Jun 2025
- 2024LayoutVLM: Differentiable Optimization of 3D Layout via Vision-Language Models3 Dec 2024
- 2024When LLMs step into the 3D World: A Survey and Meta-Analysis of 3D Tasks via Multi-modal Large Language Modelscited by 41
- 2025Global-Local Tree Search in VLMs for 3D Indoor Scene Generationcited by 29
- 2025PAT3D: Physics-Augmented Text-to-3D Scene Generationcited by 14
- 2025CoherenDream: Boosting Holistic Text Coherence in 3D Generation via Multimodal Large Language Models Feedbackcited by 1
- 20253DFroMLLM: 3D Prototype Generation only from Pretrained Multimodal LLMscited by 1
- 2026HOG-Layout: Hierarchical 3D Scene Generation, Optimization and Editing via Vision-Language Modelscited by 1
- 2026HOG-Layout: Hierarchical 3D Scene Generation, Optimization and Editing via Vision-Language Models12 Apr 2026
- 2025PAT3D: Physics-Augmented Text-to-3D Scene Generation26 Nov 2025
- 20253DFroMLLM: 3D Prototype Generation only from Pretrained Multimodal LLMs12 Aug 2025
- 2025CoherenDream: Boosting Holistic Text Coherence in 3D Generation via Multimodal Large Language Models Feedback28 Apr 2025
- 2025Global-Local Tree Search in VLMs for 3D Indoor Scene Generation24 Mar 2025
- 2024When LLMs step into the 3D World: A Survey and Meta-Analysis of 3D Tasks via Multi-modal Large Language Models16 May 2024
- 2024Recent Advances in 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 130
- 2024AbsGS: Recovering Fine Details for 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 80
- 20243D Gaussian Splatting: Survey, Technologies, Challenges, and Opportunitiescited by 77
- 2024TC4D: Trajectory-Conditioned Text-to-4D Generationcited by 76
- 2024DreamScene: 3D Gaussian-based Text-to-3D Scene Generation via Formation Pattern Samplingcited by 72
- 2024Meta 3D AssetGen: Text-to-Mesh Generation with High-Quality Geometry, Texture, and PBR Materialscited by 66
- 20244K4DGen: Panoramic 4D Generation at 4K Resolutioncited by 54
- 2024SceneTeller: Language-to-3D Scene Generationcited by 43
- 2024The Scene Language: Representing Scenes with Programs, Words, and Embeddingscited by 31
- 2025ArtiScene: Language-Driven Artistic 3D Scene Generation Through Image Intermediarycited by 27
- 2024Large Language Models for Manufacturingcited by 24
- 2024VividDream: Generating 3D Scene with Ambient Dynamicscited by 21
12 most cited of 66 All 66 (JSON)
- 2026Unifying Policy Learning and State Prediction through Spatial Language Modeling8 Oct 2026
- 2026Mira-Scene: Pixel-Aligned Layouts for Generative 3D Scene Reconstruction20 Sep 2026
- 2026Interpretable Human-Label-Free Deep Learning for Real-Bogus Classification with Uncertainty Quantification6 Jul 2026
- 2026Sat2City v2: Native 3D City Asset Generation from a Single Satellite Image23 Jun 2026
- 2026Perceive-then-Plan: Layout-as-Policy for Monocular 3D Scene Layout Estimation25 May 2026
- 2026GenRecon: Bridging Generative Priors for Multi-View 3D Scene Reconstruction22 May 2026
- 2026Co-generation of Layout and Shape from Text via Autoregressive 3D Diffusion17 Apr 2026
- 2026Pair2Scene: Learning Local Object Relations for Procedural Scene Generation13 Apr 2026
- 2026MV-SAM3D: Adaptive Multi-View Fusion for Layout-Aware 3D Generation12 Mar 2026
- 2026Pano3DComposer: Feed-Forward Compositional 3D Scene Generation from Single Panoramic Image6 Mar 2026
- 2026PSGS: Text-driven Panorama Sliding Scene Generation via Gaussian Splatting31 Jan 2026
- 2026RoamScene3D: Immersive Text-to-3D Scene Generation via Adaptive Object-aware Roaming27 Jan 2026
12 newest of 66 All 66 (JSON)