Towards Language-guided Interactive 3D Generation: LLMs as Layout Interpreter with Generative Feedback
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Generating and editing a 3D scene guided by natural language poses a challenge, primarily due to the complexity of specifying the positional relations and volumetric changes within the 3D space. Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive reasoning, conversational, and zero-shot generation abilities across various domains. Surprisingly, these models also show great potential in realizing and interpreting the 3D space. In light of this, we propose a novel language-guided interactive 3D generation system, dubbed LI3D, that integrates LLMs as a 3D layout interpreter into the off-the-shelf layout-to-3D generative models, allowing users to flexibly and interactively generate visual content. Specifically, we design a versatile layout structure base on the bounding boxes and semantics to prompt the LLMs to model the spatial generation and reasoning from language. Our system also incorporates LLaVA, a large language and vision assistant, to provide generative feedback from the visual aspect for improving the visual quality of generated content. We validate the effectiveness of LI3D, primarily in 3D generation and editing through multi-round interactions, which can be flexibly extended to 2D generation and editing. Various experiments demonstrate the potential benefits of incorporating LLMs in generative AI for applications, e.g., metaverse. Moreover, we benchmark the layout reasoning performance of LLMs with neural visual artist tasks, revealing their emergent ability in the spatial layout domain.
Key facts. Cited by 17 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 38 of its 42 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 25 May 2023.
Builds on
38 of 42 references.
References · 38
- 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,744
- 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,863
- 2023GPT-4 Technical Reportcited by 18,396
- 2022Training language models to follow instructions with human feedbackcited by 15,971
- 2023LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Modelscited by 14,132
- 2023Segment Anythingcited by 8,234
- 2023Visual Instruction Tuningcited by 7,869
- 2022Photorealistic Text-to-Image Diffusion Models with Deep Language Understandingcited by 6,355
- 2018A Style-Based Generator Architecture for Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 6,013
- 2022PaLM: Scaling Language Modeling with Pathwayscited by 5,326
- 2022DreamFusion: Text-to-3D using 2D Diffusioncited by 3,025
- 2022InstructPix2Pix: Learning to Follow Image Editing Instructionscited by 2,611
26 more
- 2023Sparks of Artificial General Intelligence: Early experiments with GPT-4cited by 2,592
- 2022Magic3D: High-Resolution Text-to-3D Content Creationcited by 1,290
- 2022LaMDA: Language Models for Dialog Applicationscited by 1,220
- 2021Blended Diffusion for Text-driven Editing of Natural Imagescited by 927
- 2023GLIGEN: Open-Set Grounded Text-to-Image Generationcited by 781
- 2023Visual ChatGPT: Talking, Drawing and Editing with Visual Foundation Modelscited by 668
- 2022Score Jacobian Chaining: Lifting Pretrained 2D Diffusion Models for 3D Generationcited by 597
- 2022Visual Programming: Compositional visual reasoning without trainingcited by 516
- 2021Zero-Shot Text-Guided Object Generation with Dream Fieldscited by 513
- 2022Latent-NeRF for Shape-Guided Generation of 3D Shapes and Texturescited by 506
- 2023Instruct-NeRF2NeRF: Editing 3D Scenes with Instructionscited by 484
- 2023Training-Free Layout Control with Cross-Attention Guidancecited by 313
- 2022SDFusion: Multimodal 3D Shape Completion, Reconstruction, and Generationcited by 288
- 2023MultiModal-GPT: A Vision and Language Model for Dialogue with Humanscited by 255
- 2022ReCo: Region-Controlled Text-to-Image Generationcited by 179
- 2022Dream3D: Zero-Shot Text-to-3D Synthesis Using 3D Shape Prior and Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 151
- 2018Image Generation from Layoutcited by 105
- 2021Talk-to-Edit: Fine-Grained Facial Editing via Dialogcited by 102
- 2023Compositional 3D Scene Generation using Locally Conditioned Diffusioncited by 101
- 2019Image Synthesis From Reconfigurable Layout and Stylecited by 85
- 2023Set-the-Scene: Global-Local Training for Generating Controllable NeRF Scenescited by 75
- 2018Tell, Draw, and Repeat: Generating and Modifying Images Based on Continual Linguistic Instructioncited by 61
- 2023CompoNeRF: Text-guided Multi-object Compositional NeRF with Editable 3D Scene Layoutcited by 57
- 2022DATID-3D: Diversity-Preserved Domain Adaptation Using Text-to-Image Diffusion for 3D Generative Modelcited by 32
- 2023CHATEDIT: Towards Multi-turn Interactive Facial Image Editing via Dialoguecited by 12
- 2023ArK: Augmented Reality with Knowledge Interactive Emergent Abilitycited by 5
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2023: 2; 2024: 6; 2025: 7; 2026: 2.
17 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2023Holodeck: Language Guided Generation of 3D Embodied AI Environmentscited by 268
- 2023Multimodal Foundation Models: From Specialists to General-Purpose Assistantscited by 247
- 2024GALA3D: Towards Text-to-3D Complex Scene Generation via Layout-guided Generative Gaussian Splattingcited by 109
- 2024REPARO: Compositional 3D Assets Generation with Differentiable 3D Layout Alignmentcited by 45
- 2024Architect: Generating Vivid and Interactive 3D Scenes with Hierarchical 2D Inpaintingcited by 38
- 2025Visual Large Language Models for Generalized and Specialized Applicationscited by 36
- 2025ArtiScene: Language-Driven Artistic 3D Scene Generation Through Image Intermediarycited by 28
- 2024CityCraft: A Real Crafter for 3D City Generationcited by 26
- 2024Semantic Score Distillation Sampling for Compositional Text-to-3D Generationcited by 9
- 2025Video Perception Models for 3D Scene Synthesiscited by 7
- 2025From Programs to Poses: Factored Real-World Scene Generation via Learned Program Librariescited by 6
- 2024A Survey on Large Language Models from Concept to Implementationcited by 4
5 more
- 2025From 2D to 3D Cognition: A Brief Survey of General World Modelscited by 4
- 2025CoherenDream: Boosting Holistic Text Coherence in 3D Generation via Multimodal Large Language Models Feedbackcited by 1
- 2025Causal Reasoning Elicits Controllable 3D Scene Generationcited by 0
- 2026HCVR Scene Generation: High Compatibility Virtual Reality Environment Generation for Extended Redirected Walkingcited by 0
- 2026LabBuilder: Protocol-Grounded 3D Layout Generation for Interactable and Safe Laboratorycited by 0
- 2026LabBuilder: Protocol-Grounded 3D Layout Generation for Interactable and Safe Laboratory4 May 2026
- 2026HCVR Scene Generation: High Compatibility Virtual Reality Environment Generation for Extended Redirected Walking21 Jan 2026
- 2025From Programs to Poses: Factored Real-World Scene Generation via Learned Program Libraries11 Oct 2025
- 2025Causal Reasoning Elicits Controllable 3D Scene Generation18 Sep 2025
- 2025Video Perception Models for 3D Scene Synthesis25 Jun 2025
- 2025From 2D to 3D Cognition: A Brief Survey of General World Models25 Jun 2025
- 2025ArtiScene: Language-Driven Artistic 3D Scene Generation Through Image Intermediary31 May 2025
- 2025CoherenDream: Boosting Holistic Text Coherence in 3D Generation via Multimodal Large Language Models Feedback28 Apr 2025
- 2025Visual Large Language Models for Generalized and Specialized Applications6 Jan 2025
- 2024Architect: Generating Vivid and Interactive 3D Scenes with Hierarchical 2D Inpainting14 Nov 2024
- 2024Semantic Score Distillation Sampling for Compositional Text-to-3D Generation11 Oct 2024
- 2024CityCraft: A Real Crafter for 3D City Generation7 Jun 2024
5 more
- 2024REPARO: Compositional 3D Assets Generation with Differentiable 3D Layout Alignment28 May 2024
- 2024A Survey on Large Language Models from Concept to Implementation27 Mar 2024
- 2024GALA3D: Towards Text-to-3D Complex Scene Generation via Layout-guided Generative Gaussian Splatting11 Feb 2024
- 2023Holodeck: Language Guided Generation of 3D Embodied AI Environments14 Dec 2023
- 2023Multimodal Foundation Models: From Specialists to General-Purpose Assistants18 Sep 2023
- 2025Causal Reasoning Elicits Controllable 3D Scene Generation18 Sep 2025
- 2023Multimodal Foundation Models: From Specialists to General-Purpose Assistantscited by 247
- 2024GALA3D: Towards Text-to-3D Complex Scene Generation via Layout-guided Generative Gaussian Splattingcited by 109
- 2024REPARO: Compositional 3D Assets Generation with Differentiable 3D Layout Alignmentcited by 45
- 2024Architect: Generating Vivid and Interactive 3D Scenes with Hierarchical 2D Inpaintingcited by 38
- 2025ArtiScene: Language-Driven Artistic 3D Scene Generation Through Image Intermediarycited by 28
- 2024CityCraft: A Real Crafter for 3D City Generationcited by 26
- 2025Video Perception Models for 3D Scene Synthesiscited by 7
- 2025From Programs to Poses: Factored Real-World Scene Generation via Learned Program Librariescited by 6
- 2024A Survey on Large Language Models from Concept to Implementationcited by 4
- 2026HCVR Scene Generation: High Compatibility Virtual Reality Environment Generation for Extended Redirected Walkingcited by 0
- 2026LabBuilder: Protocol-Grounded 3D Layout Generation for Interactable and Safe Laboratorycited by 0
- 2026LabBuilder: Protocol-Grounded 3D Layout Generation for Interactable and Safe Laboratory4 May 2026
- 2026HCVR Scene Generation: High Compatibility Virtual Reality Environment Generation for Extended Redirected Walking21 Jan 2026
- 2025From Programs to Poses: Factored Real-World Scene Generation via Learned Program Libraries11 Oct 2025
- 2025Video Perception Models for 3D Scene Synthesis25 Jun 2025
- 2025ArtiScene: Language-Driven Artistic 3D Scene Generation Through Image Intermediary31 May 2025
- 2024Architect: Generating Vivid and Interactive 3D Scenes with Hierarchical 2D Inpainting14 Nov 2024
- 2024CityCraft: A Real Crafter for 3D City Generation7 Jun 2024
- 2024REPARO: Compositional 3D Assets Generation with Differentiable 3D Layout Alignment28 May 2024
- 2024A Survey on Large Language Models from Concept to Implementation27 Mar 2024
- 2024GALA3D: Towards Text-to-3D Complex Scene Generation via Layout-guided Generative Gaussian Splatting11 Feb 2024
- 2023Multimodal Foundation Models: From Specialists to General-Purpose Assistants18 Sep 2023
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2026NaLA: A 3D Native LLM Layout Agent for High-quality 3D Scene Generation
- 2026SceneAssistant: A Visual Feedback Agent for Open-Vocabulary 3D Scene Generation
- 2025SceneLCM: End-to-End Layout-Guided Interactive Indoor Scene Generation with Latent Consistency Model
- 2026Closing the Loop: Unified 3D Scene Generation and Immersive Interaction via LLM-RL Coupling
- 2025Let Language Constrain Geometry: Vision-Language Models as Semantic and Spatial Critics for 3D Generation
- 2025LL3M: Large Language 3D Modelers
- 2025Direct Numerical Layout Generation for 3D Indoor Scene Synthesis via Spatial Reasoning
- 20263D Space as a Scratchpad for Editable Text-to-Image Generation