MeshXL: Neural Coordinate Field for Generative 3D Foundation Models
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Abstract (arXiv)
The polygon mesh representation of 3D data exhibits great flexibility, fast rendering speed, and storage efficiency, which is widely preferred in various applications. However, given its unstructured graph representation, the direct generation of high-fidelity 3D meshes is challenging. Fortunately, with a pre-defined ordering strategy, 3D meshes can be represented as sequences, and the generation process can be seamlessly treated as an auto-regressive problem. In this paper, we validate the Neural Coordinate Field (NeurCF), an explicit coordinate representation with implicit neural embeddings, is a simple-yet-effective representation for large-scale sequential mesh modeling. After that, we present MeshXL, a family of generative pre-trained auto-regressive models, which addresses the process of 3D mesh generation with modern large language model approaches. Extensive experiments show that MeshXL is able to generate high-quality 3D meshes, and can also serve as foundation models for various down-stream applications.
Key facts. Cited by 100 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 87 of its 103 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 31 May 2024.
Builds on
87 of 103 references.
References · 87
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50 most cited of 87 All 87 (JSON)
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 13; 2025: 55; 2026: 32.
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- 2024MeshAnything: Artist-Created Mesh Generation with Autoregressive Transformerscited by 140
- 2024MeshAnything V2: Artist-Created Mesh Generation With Adjacent Mesh Tokenizationcited by 102
- 2024LLaMA-Mesh: Unifying 3D Mesh Generation with Language Modelscited by 87
- 2024Meshtron: High-Fidelity, Artist-Like 3D Mesh Generation at Scalecited by 87
- 2025Step1X-3D: Towards High-Fidelity and Controllable Generation of Textured 3D Assetscited by 85
- 2024EdgeRunner: Auto-regressive Auto-encoder for Artistic Mesh Generationcited by 84
- 2024Scaling Mesh Generation via Compressive Tokenizationcited by 71
- 2025OmniSVG: A Unified Scalable Vector Graphics Generation Modelcited by 71
- 2025DeepMesh: Auto-Regressive Artist-mesh Creation with Reinforcement Learningcited by 62
- 2025OmniPart: Part-Aware 3D Generation with Semantic Decoupling and Structural Cohesioncited by 60
- 2024CAD-GPT: Synthesising CAD Construction Sequence with Spatial Reasoning-Enhanced Multimodal LLMscited by 52
- 2025Efficient Part-level 3D Object Generation via Dual Volume Packingcited by 47
38 more
- 2025MagicArticulate: Make Your 3D Models Articulation-Readycited by 43
- 2025Ultra3D: Efficient and High-Fidelity 3D Generation with Part Attentioncited by 43
- 2024MeshArt: Generating Articulated Meshes with Structure-Guided Transformerscited by 40
- 2025VoxHammer: Training-Free Precise and Coherent 3D Editing in Native 3D Spacecited by 40
- 2025TreeMeshGPT: Artistic Mesh Generation with Autoregressive Tree Sequencingcited by 38
- 2024MVPaint: Synchronized Multi-View Diffusion for Painting Anything 3Dcited by 34
- 2025ShapeLLM-Omni: A Native Multimodal LLM for 3D Generation and Understandingcited by 34
- 2025Retrieval Augmented Generation and Understanding in Vision: A Survey and New Outlookcited by 32
- 2025What Is The Best 3D Scene Representation for Robotics? From Geometric to Foundation Modelscited by 29
- 2025Generating Physically Stable and Buildable Brick Structures from Textcited by 23
- 2025Advances in Feed-Forward 3D Reconstruction and View Synthesis: A Surveycited by 23
- 2025Mesh-RFT: Enhancing Mesh Generation via Fine-grained Reinforcement Fine-Tuningcited by 21
- 2025Nautilus: Locality-aware Autoencoder for Scalable Mesh Generationcited by 18
- 2025MeshLLM: Empowering Large Language Models to Progressively Understand and Generate 3D Meshcited by 18
- 2025FastMesh: Efficient Artistic Mesh Generation via Component Decouplingcited by 17
- 2024LaGeM: A Large Geometry Model for 3D Representation Learning and Diffusioncited by 16
- 2024TAR3D: Creating High-Quality 3D Assets via Next-Part Predictioncited by 16
- 2025Sat2City: 3D City Generation from A Single Satellite Image with Cascaded Latent Diffusioncited by 15
- 2025TTS-VAR: A Test-Time Scaling Framework for Visual Auto-Regressive Generationcited by 15
- 2025Pandora3D: A Comprehensive Framework for High-Quality 3D Shape and Texture Generationcited by 14
- 2025AR-1-to-3: Single Image to Consistent 3D Object Generation via Next-View Predictioncited by 14
- 2025MeshCraft: Exploring Efficient and Controllable Mesh Generation with Flow-based DiTscited by 14
- 2025VertexRegen: Mesh Generation with Continuous Level of Detailcited by 14
- 2025iFlame: Interleaving Full and Linear Attention for Efficient Mesh Generationcited by 13
- 2025Machine learning for modelling unstructured grid data in computational physics: a reviewcited by 12
- 2025MAR-3D: Progressive Masked Auto-regressor for High-Resolution 3D Generationcited by 11
- 2025QuadGPT: Native Quadrilateral Mesh Generation with Autoregressive Modelscited by 11
- 20243D Shape Tokenization via Latent Flow Matchingcited by 10
- 2026LATO: 3D Mesh Flow Matching with Structured TOpology Preserving LAtentscited by 10
- 2025CoRe3D: Collaborative Reasoning as a Foundation for 3D Intelligencecited by 9
- 2026SegviGen: Repurposing 3D Generative Model for Part Segmentationcited by 9
- 2025Towards Scalable Spatial Intelligence via 2D-to-3D Data Liftingcited by 8
- 2025PDT: Point Distribution Transformation with Diffusion Modelscited by 8
- 2025MeshMosaic: Scaling Artist Mesh Generation via Local-to-Global Assemblycited by 8
- 2025MeshRipple: Structured Autoregressive Generation of Artist-Meshescited by 8
- 2026MeshFlow: Efficient Artistic Mesh Generation via MeshVAE and Flow-based Diffusion Transformercited by 7
- 2024Scene123: One Prompt to 3D Scene Generation via Video-Assisted and Consistency-Enhanced MAEcited by 6
- 2025MeshPad: Interactive Sketch-Conditioned Artist-Reminiscent Mesh Generation and Editingcited by 6
50 most cited of 100 All 100 (JSON)
- 2026SPOON: Towards Coherent Compositional 3D Scene Generation from Uncalibrated Multi-view Images30 Sep 2026
- 2026MeshOctave: Vertex Split-and-Rewire Cascades for Native Mesh Generation30 Sep 2026
- 2026PhysX-CoT: Structured Physical Reasoning from a Single Image to Simulation-Ready 3D Assets8 Aug 2026
- 2026Meshy T2: Fast Native Mesh Generation with Flow Matching28 Jul 2026
- 2026Nexus: Native Mesh Generation with Diffusion15 Jul 2026
- 2026LATO.2: Factorized 3D Mesh Generation with Vertex and Topology Flow12 Jul 2026
- 2026PolyFlow: Continuous Topology Embedding Flow Matching for Artist-style Mesh Generation25 Jun 2026
- 2026Sat2City v2: Native 3D City Asset Generation from a Single Satellite Image23 Jun 2026
- 2026MeshFlow: Mesh Generation with Equivariant Flow Matching22 Jun 2026
- 2026DB-3DME: From Dataset to Benchmark for Human-aligned Automatic 3D Mesh Evaluation8 Jun 2026
- 2026MeshWeaver: Sparse-Voxel-Guided Surface Weaving for Autoregressive Mesh Generation3 Jun 2026
- 2026MeshFlow: Efficient Artistic Mesh Generation via MeshVAE and Flow-based Diffusion Transformer3 Jun 2026
38 more
- 2026GeoFlow: Enforcing Implicit Geometric Consistency in Video Generation18 May 2026
- 2026QuadLink: Autoregressive Quad-Dominant Mesh Generation via Point-Relation Learning16 May 2026
- 2026SynVA: A Modular Toolkit for Vessel Generation and Aneurysm Editing13 May 2026
- 2026MeshFIM: Local Low-Poly Mesh Editing via Fill-in-the-Middle Autoregressive Generation9 May 2026
- 2026SQuadGen: Generating Simple Quad Layouts via Chart Distance Fields30 Apr 2026
- 2026Repurposing 3D Generative Model for Autoregressive Layout Generation17 Apr 2026
- 2026Strips as Tokens: Artist Mesh Generation with Native UV Segmentation10 Apr 2026
- 2026RecGen3D: Reconstruction-Guided 3D Generation in a Shared Canonical Space1 Apr 2026
- 2026LoST: Level of Semantics Tokenization for 3D Shapes18 Mar 2026
- 2026SegviGen: Repurposing 3D Generative Model for Part Segmentation17 Mar 2026
- 2026LATO: 3D Mesh Flow Matching with Structured TOpology Preserving LAtents6 Mar 2026
- 2026PixARMesh: Autoregressive Mesh-Native Single-View Scene Reconstruction6 Mar 2026
- 2026OmniLottie: Generating Vector Animations via Parameterized Lottie Tokens2 Mar 2026
- 2026FACE: A Face-based Autoregressive Representation for High-Fidelity and Efficient Mesh Generation2 Mar 2026
- 2026Mesh-Pro: Asynchronous Advantage-guided Ranking Preference Optimization for Artist-style Quadrilateral Mesh Generation28 Feb 2026
- 2026BuildAnyPoint: 3D Building Structured Abstraction from Diverse Point Clouds27 Feb 2026
- 2026VAR-3D: View-aware Auto-Regressive Model for Text-to-3D Generation via a 3D Tokenizer14 Feb 2026
- 2026AssetFormer: Modular 3D Assets Generation with Autoregressive Transformer12 Feb 2026
- 2026Learning to Build Shapes by Extrusion30 Jan 2026
- 2026Proc3D: Procedural 3D Generation and Parametric Editing of 3D Shapes with Large Language Models18 Jan 2026
- 2025CoRe3D: Collaborative Reasoning as a Foundation for 3D Intelligence14 Dec 2025
- 2025MeshRipple: Structured Autoregressive Generation of Artist-Meshes8 Dec 2025
- 2025What Is The Best 3D Scene Representation for Robotics? From Geometric to Foundation Models3 Dec 2025
- 2025PartDiffuser: Part-wise 3D Mesh Generation via Discrete Diffusion24 Nov 2025
- 2025Native 3D Editing with Full Attention21 Nov 2025
- 2025Topology Sculptor, Shape Refiner: Discrete Diffusion Model for High-Fidelity 3D Meshes Generation24 Oct 2025
- 2025ShapeCraft: LLM Agents for Structured, Textured and Interactive 3D Modeling20 Oct 2025
- 2025QuadGPT: Native Quadrilateral Mesh Generation with Autoregressive Models25 Sep 2025
- 2025MeshMosaic: Scaling Artist Mesh Generation via Local-to-Global Assembly24 Sep 2025
- 2025SPGen: Spherical Projection as Consistent and Flexible Representation for Single Image 3D Shape Generation16 Sep 2025
- 2025Artist-Created Mesh Generation from Raw Observation15 Sep 2025
- 2025Unifi3D: A Study on 3D Representations for Generation and Reconstruction in a Common Framework2 Sep 2025
- 2025VoxHammer: Training-Free Precise and Coherent 3D Editing in Native 3D Space26 Aug 2025
- 2025FastMesh: Efficient Artistic Mesh Generation via Component Decoupling26 Aug 2025
- 2025VertexRegen: Mesh Generation with Continuous Level of Detail12 Aug 2025
- 2025MeshLLM: Empowering Large Language Models to Progressively Understand and Generate 3D Mesh2 Aug 2025
- 2025XSpecMesh: Quality-Preserving Auto-Regressive Mesh Generation Acceleration via Multi-Head Speculative Decoding31 Jul 2025
- 2025PDT: Point Distribution Transformation with Diffusion Models25 Jul 2025
50 newest of 100 All 100 (JSON)
- 2025Step1X-3D: Towards High-Fidelity and Controllable Generation of Textured 3D Assetscited by 85
- 2025Sat2City: 3D City Generation from A Single Satellite Image with Cascaded Latent Diffusioncited by 15
- 2025MeshCraft: Exploring Efficient and Controllable Mesh Generation with Flow-based DiTscited by 14
- 20243D Shape Tokenization via Latent Flow Matchingcited by 10
- 2026LATO: 3D Mesh Flow Matching with Structured TOpology Preserving LAtentscited by 10
- 2025PDT: Point Distribution Transformation with Diffusion Modelscited by 8
- 2026MeshFlow: Efficient Artistic Mesh Generation via MeshVAE and Flow-based Diffusion Transformercited by 7
- 2026LATO.2: Factorized 3D Mesh Generation with Vertex and Topology Flowcited by 6
- 2025SPGen: Spherical Projection as Consistent and Flexible Representation for Single Image 3D Shape Generationcited by 5
- 2025Topology Sculptor, Shape Refiner: Discrete Diffusion Model for High-Fidelity 3D Meshes Generationcited by 5
- 2026Nexus: Native Mesh Generation with Diffusioncited by 5
- 2025PartDiffuser: Part-wise 3D Mesh Generation via Discrete Diffusioncited by 4
12 most cited of 19 All 19 (JSON)
- 2026Meshy T2: Fast Native Mesh Generation with Flow Matching28 Jul 2026
- 2026Nexus: Native Mesh Generation with Diffusion15 Jul 2026
- 2026LATO.2: Factorized 3D Mesh Generation with Vertex and Topology Flow12 Jul 2026
- 2026PolyFlow: Continuous Topology Embedding Flow Matching for Artist-style Mesh Generation25 Jun 2026
- 2026MeshFlow: Mesh Generation with Equivariant Flow Matching22 Jun 2026
- 2026MeshFlow: Efficient Artistic Mesh Generation via MeshVAE and Flow-based Diffusion Transformer3 Jun 2026
- 2026GeoFlow: Enforcing Implicit Geometric Consistency in Video Generation18 May 2026
- 2026LATO: 3D Mesh Flow Matching with Structured TOpology Preserving LAtents6 Mar 2026
- 2026BuildAnyPoint: 3D Building Structured Abstraction from Diverse Point Clouds27 Feb 2026
- 2025PartDiffuser: Part-wise 3D Mesh Generation via Discrete Diffusion24 Nov 2025
- 2025Topology Sculptor, Shape Refiner: Discrete Diffusion Model for High-Fidelity 3D Meshes Generation24 Oct 2025
- 2025SPGen: Spherical Projection as Consistent and Flexible Representation for Single Image 3D Shape Generation16 Sep 2025
12 newest of 19 All 19 (JSON)
- 2025DeepMesh: Auto-Regressive Artist-mesh Creation with Reinforcement Learningcited by 62
- 2025Mesh-RFT: Enhancing Mesh Generation via Fine-grained Reinforcement Fine-Tuningcited by 21
- 2026Mesh-Pro: Asynchronous Advantage-guided Ranking Preference Optimization for Artist-style Quadrilateral Mesh Generationcited by 2
- 2026Mesh-Pro: Asynchronous Advantage-guided Ranking Preference Optimization for Artist-style Quadrilateral Mesh Generation28 Feb 2026
- 2025Mesh-RFT: Enhancing Mesh Generation via Fine-grained Reinforcement Fine-Tuning22 May 2025
- 2025DeepMesh: Auto-Regressive Artist-mesh Creation with Reinforcement Learning19 Mar 2025
- 2024CAD-GPT: Synthesising CAD Construction Sequence with Spatial Reasoning-Enhanced Multimodal LLMscited by 52
- 2025TTS-VAR: A Test-Time Scaling Framework for Visual Auto-Regressive Generationcited by 15
- 2026PhysX-CoT: Structured Physical Reasoning from a Single Image to Simulation-Ready 3D Assetscited by 0
- 2026PhysX-CoT: Structured Physical Reasoning from a Single Image to Simulation-Ready 3D Assets8 Aug 2026
- 2025TTS-VAR: A Test-Time Scaling Framework for Visual Auto-Regressive Generation24 Jul 2025
- 2024CAD-GPT: Synthesising CAD Construction Sequence with Spatial Reasoning-Enhanced Multimodal LLMs27 Dec 2024
- 2024MeshAnything: Artist-Created Mesh Generation with Autoregressive Transformerscited by 140
- 2024MeshAnything V2: Artist-Created Mesh Generation With Adjacent Mesh Tokenizationcited by 102
- 2024LLaMA-Mesh: Unifying 3D Mesh Generation with Language Modelscited by 87
- 2024Meshtron: High-Fidelity, Artist-Like 3D Mesh Generation at Scalecited by 87
- 2024EdgeRunner: Auto-regressive Auto-encoder for Artistic Mesh Generationcited by 84
- 2024Scaling Mesh Generation via Compressive Tokenizationcited by 71
- 2025OmniSVG: A Unified Scalable Vector Graphics Generation Modelcited by 71
- 2025OmniPart: Part-Aware 3D Generation with Semantic Decoupling and Structural Cohesioncited by 60
- 2025Efficient Part-level 3D Object Generation via Dual Volume Packingcited by 47
- 2025MagicArticulate: Make Your 3D Models Articulation-Readycited by 43
- 2025Ultra3D: Efficient and High-Fidelity 3D Generation with Part Attentioncited by 43
- 2024MeshArt: Generating Articulated Meshes with Structure-Guided Transformerscited by 40
12 most cited of 70 All 70 (JSON)
- 2026SPOON: Towards Coherent Compositional 3D Scene Generation from Uncalibrated Multi-view Images30 Sep 2026
- 2026MeshOctave: Vertex Split-and-Rewire Cascades for Native Mesh Generation30 Sep 2026
- 2026Sat2City v2: Native 3D City Asset Generation from a Single Satellite Image23 Jun 2026
- 2026DB-3DME: From Dataset to Benchmark for Human-aligned Automatic 3D Mesh Evaluation8 Jun 2026
- 2026MeshWeaver: Sparse-Voxel-Guided Surface Weaving for Autoregressive Mesh Generation3 Jun 2026
- 2026QuadLink: Autoregressive Quad-Dominant Mesh Generation via Point-Relation Learning16 May 2026
- 2026SynVA: A Modular Toolkit for Vessel Generation and Aneurysm Editing13 May 2026
- 2026MeshFIM: Local Low-Poly Mesh Editing via Fill-in-the-Middle Autoregressive Generation9 May 2026
- 2026SQuadGen: Generating Simple Quad Layouts via Chart Distance Fields30 Apr 2026
- 2026Repurposing 3D Generative Model for Autoregressive Layout Generation17 Apr 2026
- 2026Strips as Tokens: Artist Mesh Generation with Native UV Segmentation10 Apr 2026
- 2026RecGen3D: Reconstruction-Guided 3D Generation in a Shared Canonical Space1 Apr 2026
12 newest of 70 All 70 (JSON)