mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

StyleGaussian: Instant 3D Style Transfer with Gaussian Splatting

arXiv 2403.07807 ↗First posted 12 Mar 2024cs.CVcited by 78

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

We introduce StyleGaussian, a novel 3D style transfer technique that allows instant transfer of any image's style to a 3D scene at 10 frames per second (fps). Leveraging 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS), StyleGaussian achieves style transfer without compromising its real-time rendering ability and multi-view consistency. It achieves instant style transfer with three steps: embedding, transfer, and decoding. Initially, 2D VGG scene features are embedded into reconstructed 3D Gaussians. Next, the embedded features are transformed according to a reference style image. Finally, the transformed features are decoded into the stylized RGB. StyleGaussian has two novel designs. The first is an efficient feature rendering strategy that first renders low-dimensional features and then maps them into high-dimensional features while embedding VGG features. It cuts the memory consumption significantly and enables 3DGS to render the high-dimensional memory-intensive features. The second is a K-nearest-neighbor-based 3D CNN. Working as the decoder for the stylized features, it eliminates the 2D CNN operations that compromise strict multi-view consistency. Extensive experiments show that StyleGaussian achieves instant 3D stylization with superior stylization quality while preserving real-time rendering and strict multi-view consistency. Project page: https://kunhao-liu.github.io/StyleGaussian/

Key facts. Cited by 78 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 50 of its 56 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 12 Mar 2024.

Builds on

50 of 56 references.

References · 50

  1. 2014Very Deep Convolutional Networks for Large-Scale Image Recognitioncited by 15,267
  2. 2018The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metriccited by 11,029
  3. 20233D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Radiance Field Renderingcited by 6,141
  4. 2016PointNet: Deep Learning on Point Sets for 3D Classification and Segmentationcited by 5,223
  5. 2017PointNet++: Deep Hierarchical Feature Learning on Point Sets in a Metric Spacecited by 4,384
  6. 2022Instant Neural Graphics Primitives with a Multiresolution Hash Encodingcited by 3,698
  7. 2016Perceptual Losses for Real-Time Style Transfer and Super-Resolutioncited by 2,678
  8. 2020RAFT: Recurrent All-Pairs Field Transforms for Optical Flowcited by 2,385
  9. 2021Mip-NeRF 360: Unbounded Anti-Aliased Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 2,013
  10. 2017Arbitrary Style Transfer in Real-time with Adaptive Instance Normalizationcited by 1,998
  11. 2021Mip-NeRF: A Multiscale Representation for Anti-Aliasing Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 1,957
  12. 2021NeuS: Learning Neural Implicit Surfaces by Volume Rendering for Multi-view Reconstructioncited by 1,701
38 more
  1. 2021Plenoxels: Radiance Fields without Neural Networkscited by 1,607
  2. 2020D-NeRF: Neural Radiance Fields for Dynamic Scenescited by 1,459
  3. 2022TensoRF: Tensorial Radiance Fieldscited by 1,275
  4. 2021Efficient Geometry-aware 3D Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 1,204
  5. 2021Direct Voxel Grid Optimization: Super-fast Convergence for Radiance Fields Reconstructioncited by 961
  6. 2020NeRF++: Analyzing and Improving Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 857
  7. 2020GIRAFFE: Representing Scenes as Compositional Generative Neural Feature Fieldscited by 784
  8. 2023K-Planes: Explicit Radiance Fields in Space, Time, and Appearancecited by 742
  9. 2020GRAF: Generative Radiance Fields for 3D-Aware Image Synthesiscited by 688
  10. 2021KiloNeRF: Speeding up Neural Radiance Fields with Thousands of Tiny MLPscited by 672
  11. 2021FastNeRF: High-Fidelity Neural Rendering at 200FPScited by 510
  12. 2020NeRV: Neural Reflectance and Visibility Fields for Relighting and View Synthesiscited by 493
  13. 2023Instruct-NeRF2NeRF: Editing 3D Scenes with Instructionscited by 482
  14. 2021StyleNeRF: A Style-based 3D-Aware Generator for High-resolution Image Synthesiscited by 477
  15. 2023LangSplat: 3D Language Gaussian Splattingcited by 410
  16. 2022Decomposing NeRF for Editing via Feature Field Distillationcited by 370
  17. 2021CLIP-NeRF: Text-and-Image Driven Manipulation of Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 369
  18. 2023Feature 3DGS: Supercharging 3D Gaussian Splatting to Enable Distilled Feature Fieldscited by 361
  19. 2023GaussianEditor: Swift and Controllable 3D Editing with Gaussian Splattingcited by 331
  20. 2022NeuS2: Fast Learning of Neural Implicit Surfaces for Multi-view Reconstructioncited by 311
  21. 2020Softmax Splatting for Video Frame Interpolationcited by 276
  22. 2019Differentiable Surface Splatting for Point-based Geometry Processingcited by 238
  23. 2021Editing Conditional Radiance Fieldscited by 222
  24. 2022NeRF-Editing: Geometry Editing of Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 216
  25. 2021Neural Articulated Radiance Fieldcited by 196
  26. 2023DreamEditor: Text-Driven 3D Scene Editing with Neural Fieldscited by 154
  27. 2022ARF: Artistic Radiance Fieldscited by 147
  28. 2022SPIn-NeRF: Multiview Segmentation and Perceptual Inpainting with Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 144
  29. 2022StylizedNeRF: Consistent 3D Scene Stylization as Stylized NeRF via 2D-3D Mutual Learningcited by 140
  30. 2022NeRF-Art: Text-Driven Neural Radiance Fields Stylizationcited by 126
  31. 2021Stylizing 3D Scene via Implicit Representation and HyperNetworkcited by 103
  32. 2023SINE: Semantic-driven Image-based NeRF Editing with Prior-guided Editing Fieldcited by 93
  33. 2023StyleRF: Zero-shot 3D Style Transfer of Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 79
  34. 2022Deforming Radiance Fields with Cagescited by 78
  35. 2021Learning to Stylize Novel Viewscited by 76
  36. 2022Unified Implicit Neural Stylizationcited by 67
  37. 20213D Photo Stylization: Learning to Generate Stylized Novel Views from a Single Imagecited by 45
  38. 2022NeRF-In: Free-Form NeRF Inpainting with RGB-D Priorscited by 43

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 21; 2025: 34; 2026: 23.

78 papers.

Sort:

By area:

  1. 2024Recent Advances in 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 130
  2. 2024StylizedGS: Controllable Stylization for 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 23
  3. 2024Novel View Extrapolation with Video Diffusion Priorscited by 23
  4. 2024SGSST: Scaling Gaussian Splatting StyleTransfercited by 20
  5. 2025NLI4VolVis: Natural Language Interaction for Volume Visualization via LLM Multi-Agents and Editable 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 19
  6. 2025A Survey on 3D Gaussian Splatting Applications: Segmentation, Editing, and Generationcited by 19
  7. 2024StyleSplat: 3D Object Style Transfer with Gaussian Splattingcited by 18
  8. 2024Advancing Extended Reality with 3D Gaussian Splatting: Innovations and Prospectscited by 17
  9. 2024LangSurf: Language-Embedded Surface Gaussians for 3D Scene Understandingcited by 17
  10. 2024HDRSplat: Gaussian Splatting for High Dynamic Range 3D Scene Reconstruction from Raw Imagescited by 15
  11. 2024WeatherGS: 3D Scene Reconstruction in Adverse Weather Conditions via Gaussian Splattingcited by 13
  12. 2024Reference-based Controllable Scene Stylization with Gaussian Splattingcited by 12
38 more
  1. 2024InstantStyleGaussian: Efficient Art Style Transfer with 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 11
  2. 2025SOGS: Second-Order Anchor for Advanced 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 10
  3. 2025TexGS-VolVis: Expressive Scene Editing for Volume Visualization via Textured Gaussian Splattingcited by 9
  4. 2024TV-3DG: Mastering Text-to-3D Customized Generation with Visual Promptcited by 8
  5. 2024Style3D: Attention-guided Multi-view Style Transfer for 3D Object Generationcited by 8
  6. 2025Morpheus: Text-Driven 3D Gaussian Splat Shape and Color Stylizationcited by 8
  7. 20253D Stylization via Large Reconstruction Modelcited by 8
  8. 2025CLIPGaussian: Universal and Multimodal Style Transfer Based on Gaussian Splattingcited by 8
  9. 2025StyleSculptor: Zero-Shot Style-Controllable 3D Asset Generation with Texture-Geometry Dual Guidancecited by 8
  10. 2025Improving Adaptive Density Control for 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 7
  11. 2025ABC-GS: Alignment-Based Controllable Style Transfer for 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 7
  12. 2025StyleMe3D: Stylization with Disentangled Priors by Multiple Encoders on 3D Gaussianscited by 6
  13. 2025Splat Feature Solvercited by 6
  14. 2024G-Style: Stylized Gaussian Splattingcited by 5
  15. 2024FruitNinja: 3D Object Interior Texture Generation with Gaussian Splattingcited by 5
  16. 2024ArtNVG: Content-Style Separated Artistic Neighboring-View Gaussian Stylizationcited by 4
  17. 2025MGSR: 2D/3D Mutual-boosted Gaussian Splatting for High-fidelity Surface Reconstruction under Various Light Conditionscited by 4
  18. 2025Advances in Radiance Field for Dynamic Scene: From Neural Field to Gaussian Fieldcited by 4
  19. 2025Styl3R: Instant 3D Stylized Reconstruction for Arbitrary Scenes and Stylescited by 4
  20. 2025Multi-StyleGS: Stylizing Gaussian Splatting with Multiple Stylescited by 4
  21. 20244DStyleGaussian: Zero-shot 4D Style Transfer with Gaussian Splattingcited by 3
  22. 2025Hand-Shadow Posercited by 3
  23. 2025GT2-GS: Geometry-aware Texture Transfer for Gaussian Splattingcited by 3
  24. 2025FantasyStyle: Controllable Stylized Distillation for 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 3
  25. 2025Stylos: Multi-View 3D Stylization with Single-Forward Gaussian Splattingcited by 3
  26. 2024ProGDF: Progressive Gaussian Differential Field for Controllable and Flexible 3D Editingcited by 2
  27. 2025ClimateGS: Real-Time Climate Simulation with 3D Gaussian Style Transfercited by 2
  28. 2025GuideFlow3D: Optimization-Guided Rectified Flow For Appearance Transfercited by 2
  29. 2025Training-Free Multi-View Extension of IC-Light for Textual Position-Aware Scene Relightingcited by 2
  30. 2026Tune-Your-Style: Intensity-tunable 3D Style Transfer with Gaussian Splattingcited by 2
  31. 2026ArtisanGS: Interactive Tools for Gaussian Splat Selection with AI and Human in the Loopcited by 2
  32. 2026WeatherCity: Urban Scene Reconstruction with Controllable Multi-Weather Transformationcited by 2
  33. 2024Editing Implicit and Explicit Representations of Radiance Fields: A Surveycited by 1
  34. 2025FPGS: Feed-Forward Semantic-aware Photorealistic Style Transfer of Large-Scale Gaussian Splattingcited by 1
  35. 2025Style4D-Bench: A Benchmark Suite for 4D Stylizationcited by 1
  36. 2025Improved 3D Scene Stylization via Text-Guided Generative Image Editing with Region-Based Controlcited by 1
  37. 2026Thinking Like Van Gogh: Structure-Aware Style Transfer via Flow-Guided 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 1
  38. 2026VIRGi: View-dependent Instant Recoloring of 3D Gaussians Splatscited by 1

50 most cited of 78 All 78 (JSON)