Habitat-Matterport 3D Semantics Dataset
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Abstract (arXiv)
We present the Habitat-Matterport 3D Semantics (HM3DSEM) dataset. HM3DSEM is the largest dataset of 3D real-world spaces with densely annotated semantics that is currently available to the academic community. It consists of 142,646 object instance annotations across 216 3D spaces and 3,100 rooms within those spaces. The scale, quality, and diversity of object annotations far exceed those of prior datasets. A key difference setting apart HM3DSEM from other datasets is the use of texture information to annotate pixel-accurate object boundaries. We demonstrate the effectiveness of HM3DSEM dataset for the Object Goal Navigation task using different methods. Policies trained using HM3DSEM perform outperform those trained on prior datasets. Introduction of HM3DSEM in the Habitat ObjectNav Challenge lead to an increase in participation from 400 submissions in 2021 to 1022 submissions in 2022.
Key facts. Cited by 110 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 34 of its 41 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 11 Oct 2022.
Builds on
34 of 41 references.
References · 34
- 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 52,096
- 2017Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithmscited by 15,215
- 2017ScanNet: Richly-annotated 3D Reconstructions of Indoor Scenescited by 3,117
- 2017Matterport3D: Learning from RGB-D Data in Indoor Environmentscited by 1,376
- 2019Habitat: A Platform for Embodied AI Researchcited by 1,191
- 2019The Replica Dataset: A Digital Replica of Indoor Spacescited by 904
- 2017AI2-THOR: An Interactive 3D Environment for Visual AIcited by 869
- 2021Habitat-Matterport 3D Dataset (HM3D): 1000 Large-scale 3D Environments for Embodied AIcited by 592
- 2018On Evaluation of Embodied Navigation Agentscited by 547
- 2021Habitat 2.0: Training Home Assistants to Rearrange their Habitatcited by 511
- 2018Gibson Env: Real-World Perception for Embodied Agentscited by 481
- 2016Semantic Scene Completion from a Single Depth Imagecited by 472
22 more
- 2021ARKitScenes: A Diverse Real-World Dataset For 3D Indoor Scene Understanding Using Mobile RGB-D Datacited by 454
- 2020Object Goal Navigation using Goal-Oriented Semantic Explorationcited by 429
- 2018VirtualHome: Simulating Household Activities via Programscited by 415
- 20203D-FRONT: 3D Furnished Rooms with layOuts and semaNTicscited by 380
- 2019DD-PPO: Learning Near-Perfect PointGoal Navigators from 2.5 Billion Framescited by 362
- 20193D Scene Graph: A Structure for Unified Semantics, 3D Space, and Cameracited by 281
- 2020ObjectNav Revisited: On Evaluation of Embodied Agents Navigating to Objectscited by 244
- 2020Neural Topological SLAM for Visual Navigationcited by 195
- 2020RoboTHOR: An Open Simulation-to-Real Embodied AI Platformcited by 193
- 2019RIO: 3D Object Instance Re-Localization in Changing Indoor Environmentscited by 188
- 2022PONI: Potential Functions for ObjectGoal Navigation with Interaction-free Learningcited by 150
- 2018Scan2CAD: Learning CAD Model Alignment in RGB-D Scanscited by 142
- 2021Waypoint Models for Instruction-guided Navigation in Continuous Environmentscited by 129
- 2021FILM: Following Instructions in Language with Modular Methodscited by 121
- 2022Habitat-Web: Learning Embodied Object-Search Strategies from Human Demonstrations at Scalecited by 117
- 2018RedNet: Residual Encoder-Decoder Network for indoor RGB-D Semantic Segmentationcited by 66
- 2021No RL, No Simulation: Learning to Navigate without Navigatingcited by 65
- 2021Learning to Map for Active Semantic Goal Navigationcited by 50
- 2021SEAL: Self-supervised Embodied Active Learning using Exploration and 3D Consistencycited by 48
- 2020Semantic Curiosity for Active Visual Learningcited by 45
- 2018CHALET: Cornell House Agent Learning Environmentcited by 38
- 2022TIDEE: Tidying Up Novel Rooms using Visuo-Semantic Commonsense Priorscited by 30
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Citing papers per year: 2022: 4; 2023: 18; 2024: 31; 2025: 29; 2026: 28.
110 papers.
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- 2023Where are we in the search for an Artificial Visual Cortex for Embodied Intelligence?cited by 218
- 2024Hierarchical Open-Vocabulary 3D Scene Graphs for Language-Grounded Robot Navigationcited by 196
- 2023Habitat Synthetic Scenes Dataset (HSSD-200): An Analysis of 3D Scene Scale and Realism Tradeoffs for ObjectGoal Navigationcited by 167
- 2023EmbodiedScan: A Holistic Multi-Modal 3D Perception Suite Towards Embodied AIcited by 147
- 2024URDFormer: A Pipeline for Constructing Articulated Simulation Environments from Real-World Imagescited by 111
- 2022Navigating to Objects in the Real Worldcited by 106
- 2024GOAT-Bench: A Benchmark for Multi-Modal Lifelong Navigationcited by 94
- 2023PIRLNav: Pretraining with Imitation and RL Finetuning for ObjectNavcited by 93
- 2024HM3D-OVON: A Dataset and Benchmark for Open-Vocabulary Object Goal Navigationcited by 71
- 2023OVRL-V2: A simple state-of-art baseline for ImageNav and ObjectNavcited by 70
- 2024OpenFMNav: Towards Open-Set Zero-Shot Object Navigation via Vision-Language Foundation Modelscited by 67
- 2024Towards Long-Horizon Vision-Language Navigation: Platform, Benchmark and Methodcited by 67
38 more
- 2025SpatialLM: Training Large Language Models for Structured Indoor Modelingcited by 65
- 2024Theia: Distilling Diverse Vision Foundation Models for Robot Learningcited by 61
- 20233D Concept Learning and Reasoning from Multi-View Imagescited by 60
- 2022Instance-Specific Image Goal Navigation: Training Embodied Agents to Find Object Instancescited by 55
- 2023Navigating to Objects Specified by Imagescited by 51
- 2025Move to Understand a 3D Scene: Bridging Visual Grounding and Exploration for Efficient and Versatile Embodied Navigationcited by 51
- 2024GaussNav: Gaussian Splatting for Visual Navigationcited by 49
- 2025NavDP: Learning Sim-to-Real Navigation Diffusion Policy with Privileged Information Guidancecited by 49
- 2024When LLMs step into the 3D World: A Survey and Meta-Analysis of 3D Tasks via Multi-modal Large Language Modelscited by 43
- 2024MultiPLY: A Multisensory Object-Centric Embodied Large Language Model in 3D Worldcited by 39
- 2024End-to-End Navigation with Vision Language Models: Transforming Spatial Reasoning into Question-Answeringcited by 37
- 2024GraphEQA: Using 3D Semantic Scene Graphs for Real-time Embodied Question Answeringcited by 37
- 2024DynaMem: Online Dynamic Spatio-Semantic Memory for Open World Mobile Manipulationcited by 32
- 2024Prioritized Semantic Learning for Zero-shot Instance Navigationcited by 31
- 2025What Is The Best 3D Scene Representation for Robotics? From Geometric to Foundation Modelscited by 29
- 2024ODIN: A Single Model for 2D and 3D Segmentationcited by 25
- 2025Dynam3D: Dynamic Layered 3D Tokens Empower VLM for Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 23
- 2024g3D-LF: Generalizable 3D-Language Feature Fields for Embodied Taskscited by 22
- 2024Real Acoustic Fields: An Audio-Visual Room Acoustics Dataset and Benchmarkcited by 20
- 2023Harmonic Mobile Manipulationcited by 17
- 2023Object Goal Navigation with Recursive Implicit Mapscited by 16
- 2024Instance-aware Exploration-Verification-Exploitation for Instance ImageGoal Navigationcited by 15
- 2024TopV-Nav: Unlocking the Top-View Spatial Reasoning Potential of MLLM for Zero-shot Object Navigationcited by 15
- 2025Unifying 2D and 3D Vision-Language Understandingcited by 15
- 2024BEHAVIOR Vision Suite: Customizable Dataset Generation via Simulationcited by 14
- 2026Explore with Long-term Memory: A Benchmark and Multimodal LLM-based Reinforcement Learning Framework for Embodied Explorationcited by 13
- 2023MOPA: Modular Object Navigation with PointGoal Agentscited by 11
- 2024Personalized Instance-based Navigation Toward User-Specific Objects in Realistic Environmentscited by 11
- 20233D-LLM: Injecting the 3D World into Large Language Modelscited by 10
- 2025KeySG: Hierarchical Keyframe-Based 3D Scene Graphscited by 10
- 2023HabiCrowd: A High Performance Simulator for Crowd-Aware Visual Navigationcited by 9
- 2024Semantically-aware Neural Radiance Fields for Visual Scene Understanding: A Comprehensive Reviewcited by 9
- 2024Articulate3D: Holistic Understanding of 3D Scenes as Universal Scene Descriptioncited by 9
- 2023Multimodal Large Language Model for Visual Navigationcited by 8
- 2025FindAnything: Open-Vocabulary and Object-Centric Mapping for Robot Exploration in Any Environmentcited by 8
- 2024Pixel-aligned RGB-NIR Stereo Imaging and Dataset for Robot Visioncited by 7
- 2023E(2)-Equivariant Graph Planning for Navigationcited by 6
- 2025DORAEMON: Decentralized Ontology-aware Reliable Agent with Enhanced Memory Oriented Navigationcited by 6
50 most cited of 110 All 110 (JSON)
- 2026MvFFN: Multi-view Floor plan Feed-forward Network for Unposed Wide-Baseline Panorama Layout Reconstruction9 Oct 2026
- 2026UniWAM Technical Report: Unified Mobile Manipulation via Mixed-Stream World-Action Modeling and Manipulation Anchor Pose Supervision30 Sep 2026
- 2026Retrospective Open-Vocabulary Memory for Long-Term Object Search29 Sep 2026
- 2026SafeVantage: Vantage-Aware Memory for Reliable Embodied Decisions29 Sep 2026
- 2026OmniSmartHome: A Multimodal Reasoning Benchmark for Smart-Home Agents26 Sep 2026
- 2026TRACKGRAPH: Online Open-Vocabulary 3D Scene Graphs via Image-Space Tracking25 Sep 2026
- 2026Hierarchical Aggregation of Semantic Uncertainty in 3D Scene Graphs17 Sep 2026
- 2026Finder: Agentic Closed-Loop Object Finding for Embodied Grounding16 Sep 2026
- 2026HarnessVLN: Unifying Training-Free Embodied Navigation through an Agent Harness14 Sep 2026
- 2026OpenBelief-Nav: Evidence-Preserving Object Memory for Open-Vocabulary Language-Guided Navigation14 Aug 2026
- 2026STAR: A Spatial-Topology Aware Routing Framework for Generalizable 3D Scene Understanding12 Aug 2026
- 2026SLAMFormer-∞: Infinite SLAM Transformer for Unbounded Frontend and Backend Processing4 Aug 2026
38 more
- 2026From Region Arrival to Instance-Level Grounding in Vision-and-Language Navigation4 Jul 2026
- 2026Hierarchical 3D Scene Graph Construction and Belief-based Planning for Semantic Navigation30 Jun 2026
- 2026EvoMemNav: Efficient Self-Evolving Fine-Grained Memory for Zero-Shot Embodied Navigation2 Jun 2026
- 2026Uni-LaViRA: Language-Vision-Robot Actions Translation for Unified Embodied Navigation26 May 2026
- 2026Plug-and-Play Label Map Diffusion for Universal Goal-Oriented Navigation7 May 2026
- 2026FUS3DMaps: Scalable and Accurate Open-Vocabulary Semantic Mapping by 3D Fusion of Voxel- and Instance-Level Layers5 May 2026
- 2026Multi-Scale Gaussian-Language Map for Zero-shot Embodied Navigation and Reasoning3 May 2026
- 2026TrajRAG: Retrieving Geometric-Semantic Experience for Zero-Shot Object Navigation3 May 2026
- 2026FlatLands: Generative Floormap Completion From a Single Egocentric View16 Mar 2026
- 2026Relational Semantic Reasoning on 3D Scene Graphs for Open World Interactive Object Search5 Mar 2026
- 2026DISC: Dense Integrated Semantic Context for Large-Scale Open-Set Semantic Mapping4 Mar 2026
- 2026LongNav-R1: Horizon-Adaptive Multi-Turn RL for Long-Horizon VLA Navigation12 Feb 2026
- 20263DGSNav: Enhancing Vision-Language Model Reasoning for Object Navigation via Active 3D Gaussian Splatting12 Feb 2026
- 2026MerNav: A Highly Generalizable Memory-Execute-Review Framework for Zero-Shot Object Goal Navigation5 Feb 2026
- 2026LangMap: A Human-Verified Benchmark for Hierarchical Open-Vocabulary Goal Navigation2 Feb 2026
- 2026Explore with Long-term Memory: A Benchmark and Multimodal LLM-based Reinforcement Learning Framework for Embodied Exploration11 Jan 2026
- 2025DarkQA: Benchmarking Vision-Language Models on Visual-Primitive Question Answering in Low-Light Indoor Scenes31 Dec 2025
- 2025RANGER: A Monocular Zero-Shot Semantic Navigation Framework through Visual Contextual Adaptation30 Dec 2025
- 2025D3D-VLP: Dynamic 3D Vision-Language-Planning Model for Embodied Grounding and Navigation14 Dec 2025
- 2025What Is The Best 3D Scene Representation for Robotics? From Geometric to Foundation Models3 Dec 2025
- 2025Vision to Geometry: 3D Spatial Memory for Sequential Embodied MLLM Reasoning and Exploration2 Dec 2025
- 2025FOM-Nav: Frontier-Object Maps for Object Goal Navigation30 Nov 2025
- 2025MG-Nav: Dual-Scale Visual Navigation via Sparse Spatial Memory27 Nov 2025
- 2025ReEXplore: Improving MLLMs for Embodied Exploration with Contextualized Retrospective Experience Replay24 Nov 2025
- 2025PIGEON: VLM-Driven Object Navigation via Points of Interest Selection17 Nov 2025
- 2025SplatSearch: Instance Image Goal Navigation for Mobile Robots using 3D Gaussian Splatting and Diffusion Models17 Nov 2025
- 2025DoReMi: Bridging 3D Domains via Topology-Aware Domain-Representation Mixture of Experts14 Nov 2025
- 2025HouseTour: A Virtual Real Estate A(I)gent20 Oct 2025
- 2025SNAP: Towards Segmenting Anything in Any Point Cloud13 Oct 2025
- 2025MatterDoor: Sampling Zero-shot Spatio-semantic Priors using Generative Models13 Oct 2025
- 2025KeySG: Hierarchical Keyframe-Based 3D Scene Graphs1 Oct 2025
- 2025Open-Vocabulary Indoor Object Grounding with 3D Hierarchical Scene Graph16 Jul 2025
- 2025Move to Understand a 3D Scene: Bridging Visual Grounding and Exploration for Efficient and Versatile Embodied Navigation5 Jul 2025
- 2025SpatialLM: Training Large Language Models for Structured Indoor Modeling9 Jun 2025
- 2025Hierarchical Scoring with 3D Gaussian Splatting for Instance Image-Goal Navigation9 Jun 2025
- 2025Towards In-the-wild 3D Plane Reconstruction from a Single Image3 Jun 2025
- 2025DualMap: Online Open-Vocabulary Semantic Mapping for Natural Language Navigation in Dynamic Changing Scenes2 Jun 2025
- 2025SEMNAV: Enhancing Visual Semantic Navigation in Robotics through Semantic Segmentation2 Jun 2025
50 newest of 110 All 110 (JSON)
- 20233D Concept Learning and Reasoning from Multi-View Imagescited by 60
- 2024End-to-End Navigation with Vision Language Models: Transforming Spatial Reasoning into Question-Answeringcited by 37
- 2024TopV-Nav: Unlocking the Top-View Spatial Reasoning Potential of MLLM for Zero-shot Object Navigationcited by 15
- 20233D-LLM: Injecting the 3D World into Large Language Modelscited by 10
- 2025Vision to Geometry: 3D Spatial Memory for Sequential Embodied MLLM Reasoning and Explorationcited by 5
- 20263DGSNav: Enhancing Vision-Language Model Reasoning for Object Navigation via Active 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 3
- 2026Relational Semantic Reasoning on 3D Scene Graphs for Open World Interactive Object Searchcited by 0
- 2026OmniSmartHome: A Multimodal Reasoning Benchmark for Smart-Home Agentscited by 0
- 2026OmniSmartHome: A Multimodal Reasoning Benchmark for Smart-Home Agents26 Sep 2026
- 2026Relational Semantic Reasoning on 3D Scene Graphs for Open World Interactive Object Search5 Mar 2026
- 20263DGSNav: Enhancing Vision-Language Model Reasoning for Object Navigation via Active 3D Gaussian Splatting12 Feb 2026
- 2025Vision to Geometry: 3D Spatial Memory for Sequential Embodied MLLM Reasoning and Exploration2 Dec 2025
- 2024TopV-Nav: Unlocking the Top-View Spatial Reasoning Potential of MLLM for Zero-shot Object Navigation25 Nov 2024
- 2024End-to-End Navigation with Vision Language Models: Transforming Spatial Reasoning into Question-Answering8 Nov 2024
- 20233D-LLM: Injecting the 3D World into Large Language Models24 Jul 2023
- 20233D Concept Learning and Reasoning from Multi-View Images20 Mar 2023
- 2024OpenFMNav: Towards Open-Set Zero-Shot Object Navigation via Vision-Language Foundation Modelscited by 67
- 2024When LLMs step into the 3D World: A Survey and Meta-Analysis of 3D Tasks via Multi-modal Large Language Modelscited by 43
- 2024DynaMem: Online Dynamic Spatio-Semantic Memory for Open World Mobile Manipulationcited by 32
- 2026Explore with Long-term Memory: A Benchmark and Multimodal LLM-based Reinforcement Learning Framework for Embodied Explorationcited by 13
- 2023Multimodal Large Language Model for Visual Navigationcited by 8
- 2025TRAVEL: Training-Free Retrieval and Alignment for Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 3
- 2026TrajRAG: Retrieving Geometric-Semantic Experience for Zero-Shot Object Navigationcited by 1
- 2025DarkQA: Benchmarking Vision-Language Models on Visual-Primitive Question Answering in Low-Light Indoor Scenescited by 0
- 2026TrajRAG: Retrieving Geometric-Semantic Experience for Zero-Shot Object Navigation3 May 2026
- 2026Explore with Long-term Memory: A Benchmark and Multimodal LLM-based Reinforcement Learning Framework for Embodied Exploration11 Jan 2026
- 2025DarkQA: Benchmarking Vision-Language Models on Visual-Primitive Question Answering in Low-Light Indoor Scenes31 Dec 2025
- 2025TRAVEL: Training-Free Retrieval and Alignment for Vision-and-Language Navigation11 Feb 2025
- 2024DynaMem: Online Dynamic Spatio-Semantic Memory for Open World Mobile Manipulation7 Nov 2024
- 2024When LLMs step into the 3D World: A Survey and Meta-Analysis of 3D Tasks via Multi-modal Large Language Models16 May 2024
- 2024OpenFMNav: Towards Open-Set Zero-Shot Object Navigation via Vision-Language Foundation Models16 Feb 2024
- 2023Multimodal Large Language Model for Visual Navigation12 Oct 2023
- 2025NavDP: Learning Sim-to-Real Navigation Diffusion Policy with Privileged Information Guidancecited by 49
- 2025SplatSearch: Instance Image Goal Navigation for Mobile Robots using 3D Gaussian Splatting and Diffusion Modelscited by 2
- 2026Plug-and-Play Label Map Diffusion for Universal Goal-Oriented Navigationcited by 0
- 2026Plug-and-Play Label Map Diffusion for Universal Goal-Oriented Navigation7 May 2026
- 2025SplatSearch: Instance Image Goal Navigation for Mobile Robots using 3D Gaussian Splatting and Diffusion Models17 Nov 2025
- 2025NavDP: Learning Sim-to-Real Navigation Diffusion Policy with Privileged Information Guidance13 May 2025
- 2025RANa: Retrieval-Augmented Navigationcited by 2
- 2025RANa: Retrieval-Augmented Navigation4 Apr 2025
- 2023Where are we in the search for an Artificial Visual Cortex for Embodied Intelligence?cited by 218
- 2024Hierarchical Open-Vocabulary 3D Scene Graphs for Language-Grounded Robot Navigationcited by 196
- 2023Habitat Synthetic Scenes Dataset (HSSD-200): An Analysis of 3D Scene Scale and Realism Tradeoffs for ObjectGoal Navigationcited by 167
- 2023EmbodiedScan: A Holistic Multi-Modal 3D Perception Suite Towards Embodied AIcited by 147
- 2024URDFormer: A Pipeline for Constructing Articulated Simulation Environments from Real-World Imagescited by 111
- 2022Navigating to Objects in the Real Worldcited by 106
- 2024GOAT-Bench: A Benchmark for Multi-Modal Lifelong Navigationcited by 94
- 2023PIRLNav: Pretraining with Imitation and RL Finetuning for ObjectNavcited by 93
- 2024HM3D-OVON: A Dataset and Benchmark for Open-Vocabulary Object Goal Navigationcited by 71
- 2023OVRL-V2: A simple state-of-art baseline for ImageNav and ObjectNavcited by 70
- 2024Towards Long-Horizon Vision-Language Navigation: Platform, Benchmark and Methodcited by 67
- 2025SpatialLM: Training Large Language Models for Structured Indoor Modelingcited by 65
12 most cited of 83 All 83 (JSON)
- 2026MvFFN: Multi-view Floor plan Feed-forward Network for Unposed Wide-Baseline Panorama Layout Reconstruction9 Oct 2026
- 2026Retrospective Open-Vocabulary Memory for Long-Term Object Search29 Sep 2026
- 2026SafeVantage: Vantage-Aware Memory for Reliable Embodied Decisions29 Sep 2026
- 2026TRACKGRAPH: Online Open-Vocabulary 3D Scene Graphs via Image-Space Tracking25 Sep 2026
- 2026Hierarchical Aggregation of Semantic Uncertainty in 3D Scene Graphs17 Sep 2026
- 2026OpenBelief-Nav: Evidence-Preserving Object Memory for Open-Vocabulary Language-Guided Navigation14 Aug 2026
- 2026SLAMFormer-∞: Infinite SLAM Transformer for Unbounded Frontend and Backend Processing4 Aug 2026
- 2026From Region Arrival to Instance-Level Grounding in Vision-and-Language Navigation4 Jul 2026
- 2026Hierarchical 3D Scene Graph Construction and Belief-based Planning for Semantic Navigation30 Jun 2026
- 2026Uni-LaViRA: Language-Vision-Robot Actions Translation for Unified Embodied Navigation26 May 2026
- 2026FUS3DMaps: Scalable and Accurate Open-Vocabulary Semantic Mapping by 3D Fusion of Voxel- and Instance-Level Layers5 May 2026
- 2026Multi-Scale Gaussian-Language Map for Zero-shot Embodied Navigation and Reasoning3 May 2026
12 newest of 83 All 83 (JSON)