Multimodal Large Language Model for Visual Navigation
On the map: Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models → Embodied and 3D vision-language models
Abstract (arXiv)
Recent efforts to enable visual navigation using large language models have mainly focused on developing complex prompt systems. These systems incorporate instructions, observations, and history into massive text prompts, which are then combined with pre-trained large language models to facilitate visual navigation. In contrast, our approach aims to fine-tune large language models for visual navigation without extensive prompt engineering. Our design involves a simple text prompt, current observations, and a history collector model that gathers information from previous observations as input. For output, our design provides a probability distribution of possible actions that the agent can take during navigation. We train our model using human demonstrations and collision signals from the Habitat-Matterport 3D Dataset (HM3D). Experimental results demonstrate that our method outperforms state-of-the-art behavior cloning methods and effectively reduces collision rates.
Key facts. Cited by 8 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Embodied and 3D vision-language models, one of 16 directions in Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models. Builds on 33 of its 46 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 12 Oct 2023.
Builds on
33 of 46 references.
Closest ancestors · 3
Same direction, newest first
- 2023RT-2: Vision-Language-Action Models Transfer Web Knowledge to Robotic Control28 Jul
- 2023PaLM-E: An Embodied Multimodal Language Model6 Mar
- 2022Visual Language Maps for Robot Navigation11 Oct
Other references · 30
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- 2023BLIP-2: Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training with Frozen Image Encoders and Large Language Modelscited by 6,069
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- 2023MiniGPT-4: Enhancing Vision-Language Understanding with Advanced Large Language Modelscited by 2,689
- 2014Empirical Evaluation of Gated Recurrent Neural Networks on Sequence Modelingcited by 2,341
- 2019Habitat: A Platform for Embodied AI Researchcited by 1,163
- 2016ORB-SLAM2: an Open-Source SLAM System for Monocular, Stereo and RGB-D Camerascited by 801
- 2023The Dawn of LMMs: Preliminary Explorations with GPT-4V(ision)cited by 677
18 more
- 2023Visual ChatGPT: Talking, Drawing and Editing with Visual Foundation Modelscited by 659
- 2021Habitat-Matterport 3D Dataset (HM3D): 1000 Large-scale 3D Environments for Embodied AIcited by 579
- 2021Habitat 2.0: Training Home Assistants to Rearrange their Habitatcited by 501
- 2022LM-Nav: Robotic Navigation with Large Pre-Trained Models of Language, Vision, and Actioncited by 435
- 2020Object Goal Navigation using Goal-Oriented Semantic Explorationcited by 421
- 2016Reinforcement Learning with Unsupervised Auxiliary Taskscited by 400
- 2019A Survey of Autonomous Driving: Common Practices and Emerging Technologiescited by 373
- 2019DD-PPO: Learning Near-Perfect PointGoal Navigators from 2.5 Billion Framescited by 352
- 2020Learning to Explore using Active Neural SLAMcited by 308
- 2023ChatGPT for Robotics: Design Principles and Model Abilitiescited by 296
- 2023NavGPT: Explicit Reasoning in Vision-and-Language Navigation with Large Language Modelscited by 274
- 2020Neural Topological SLAM for Visual Navigationcited by 193
- 2023L3MVN: Leveraging Large Language Models for Visual Target Navigationcited by 118
- 2023Instruct2Act: Mapping Multi-modality Instructions to Robotic Actions with Large Language Modelcited by 115
- 2022Habitat-Matterport 3D Semantics Datasetcited by 109
- 2023PIRLNav: Pretraining with Imitation and RL Finetuning for ObjectNavcited by 91
- 2023ChatGPT or Grammarly? Evaluating ChatGPT on Grammatical Error Correction Benchmarkcited by 77
- 2020Semantic Curiosity for Active Visual Learningcited by 44
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2023: 1; 2024: 5; 2025: 2.
8 papers.
- 2024NaVid: Video-based VLM Plans the Next Step for Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 222
- 2024EmbSpatial-Bench: Benchmarking Spatial Understanding for Embodied Tasks with Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 100
- 2024Efficient Non-Parametric Uncertainty Quantification for Black-Box Large Language Models and Decision Planningcited by 16
- 2023VLPrompt: Vision-Language Prompting for Panoptic Scene Graph Generationcited by 12
- 2024Find Everything: A General Vision Language Model Approach to Multi-Object Searchcited by 4
- 2025LLM-Guided Indoor Navigation with Multimodal Map Understandingcited by 4
- 2024Can ChatGPT assist visually impaired people with micro-navigation?cited by 2
- 2025ImagineNav++: Prompting Vision-Language Models as Embodied Navigator through Scene Imaginationcited by 1
- 2025ImagineNav++: Prompting Vision-Language Models as Embodied Navigator through Scene Imagination19 Dec 2025
- 2025LLM-Guided Indoor Navigation with Multimodal Map Understanding12 Mar 2025
- 2024Find Everything: A General Vision Language Model Approach to Multi-Object Search1 Oct 2024
- 2024Can ChatGPT assist visually impaired people with micro-navigation?31 Jul 2024
- 2024EmbSpatial-Bench: Benchmarking Spatial Understanding for Embodied Tasks with Large Vision-Language Models9 Jun 2024
- 2024NaVid: Video-based VLM Plans the Next Step for Vision-and-Language Navigation24 Feb 2024
- 2024Efficient Non-Parametric Uncertainty Quantification for Black-Box Large Language Models and Decision Planning1 Feb 2024
- 2023VLPrompt: Vision-Language Prompting for Panoptic Scene Graph Generation27 Nov 2023
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2025A Navigation Framework Utilizing Vision-Language Models
- 2026GemNav: Discrete-Token Visual Robot Navigation using a Multimodal Large Language Model
- 2025NavBench: Probing Multimodal Large Language Models for Embodied Navigation
- 2023Scaling Data Generation in Vision-and-Language Navigation
- 2024MC-GPT: Empowering Vision-and-Language Navigation with Memory Map and Reasoning Chains
- 2025Mem2Ego: Empowering Vision-Language Models with Global-to-Ego Memory for Long-Horizon Embodied Navigation
- 2025VLN-MME: Diagnosing MLLMs as Language-guided Visual Navigation agents
- 2025UNeMo: Collaborative Visual-Language Reasoning and Navigation via a Multimodal World Model