mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

DiffGS: Functional Gaussian Splatting Diffusion

arXiv 2410.19657 ↗First posted 25 Oct 2024cs.CVcited by 51

On the map: Diffusion models → 3D, point cloud and scene generation

Abstract (arXiv)

3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) has shown convincing performance in rendering speed and fidelity, yet the generation of Gaussian Splatting remains a challenge due to its discreteness and unstructured nature. In this work, we propose DiffGS, a general Gaussian generator based on latent diffusion models. DiffGS is a powerful and efficient 3D generative model which is capable of generating Gaussian primitives at arbitrary numbers for high-fidelity rendering with rasterization. The key insight is to represent Gaussian Splatting in a disentangled manner via three novel functions to model Gaussian probabilities, colors and transforms. Through the novel disentanglement of 3DGS, we represent the discrete and unstructured 3DGS with continuous Gaussian Splatting functions, where we then train a latent diffusion model with the target of generating these Gaussian Splatting functions both unconditionally and conditionally. Meanwhile, we introduce a discretization algorithm to extract Gaussians at arbitrary numbers from the generated functions via octree-guided sampling and optimization. We explore DiffGS for various tasks, including unconditional generation, conditional generation from text, image, and partial 3DGS, as well as Point-to-Gaussian generation. We believe that DiffGS provides a new direction for flexibly modeling and generating Gaussian Splatting.

Key facts. Cited by 51 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in 3D, point cloud and scene generation, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 74 of its 87 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 25 Oct 2024.

Builds on

74 of 87 references.

Closest ancestors · 17

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2024UDiFF: Generating Conditional Unsigned Distance Fields with Optimal Wavelet Diffusion10 Apr
  2. 2023VolumeDiffusion: Flexible Text-to-3D Generation with Efficient Volumetric Encoder18 Dec
  3. 2023GeoDream: Disentangling 2D and Geometric Priors for High-Fidelity and Consistent 3D Generation29 Nov
  4. 2023DreamCraft3D: Hierarchical 3D Generation with Bootstrapped Diffusion Prior25 Oct
  5. 2023Large-Vocabulary 3D Diffusion Model with Transformer14 Sep
  6. 2023ProlificDreamer: High-Fidelity and Diverse Text-to-3D Generation with Variational Score Distillation25 May
  7. 2023Single-Stage Diffusion NeRF: A Unified Approach to 3D Generation and Reconstruction13 Apr
  8. 2023Make-It-3D: High-Fidelity 3D Creation from A Single Image with Diffusion Prior24 Mar
  9. 20233DGen: Triplane Latent Diffusion for Textured Mesh Generation9 Mar
  10. 2022Dream3D: Zero-Shot Text-to-3D Synthesis Using 3D Shape Prior and Text-to-Image Diffusion Models28 Dec
  11. 2022Rodin: A Generative Model for Sculpting 3D Digital Avatars Using Diffusion12 Dec
  12. 2022DiffRF: Rendering-Guided 3D Radiance Field Diffusion2 Dec
5 more
  1. 20223D Neural Field Generation using Triplane Diffusion30 Nov
  2. 2022Diffusion-SDF: Conditional Generative Modeling of Signed Distance Functions24 Nov
  3. 2022Magic3D: High-Resolution Text-to-3D Content Creation18 Nov
  4. 2022DreamFusion: Text-to-3D using 2D Diffusion29 Sep
  5. 2021Diffusion Probabilistic Models for 3D Point Cloud Generation2 Mar

Other references · 57

  1. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,744
  2. 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 21,076
  3. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,863
  4. 2022Hierarchical Text-Conditional Image Generation with CLIP Latentscited by 6,585
  5. 20233D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Radiance Field Renderingcited by 6,226
  6. 2016PointNet: Deep Learning on Point Sets for 3D Classification and Segmentationcited by 5,248
  7. 2013Auto-Encoding Variational Bayescited by 4,053
  8. 2021Improved Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 3,761
  9. 2022Instant Neural Graphics Primitives with a Multiresolution Hash Encodingcited by 3,723
  10. 2015ShapeNet: An Information-Rich 3D Model Repositorycited by 2,897
  11. 2019DeepSDF: Learning Continuous Signed Distance Functions for Shape Representationcited by 2,689
  12. 2018Occupancy Networks: Learning 3D Reconstruction in Function Spacecited by 2,041
38 more
  1. 2021Mip-NeRF 360: Unbounded Anti-Aliased Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 2,032
  2. 2021Mip-NeRF: A Multiscale Representation for Anti-Aliasing Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 1,964
  3. 2021NeuS: Learning Neural Implicit Surfaces by Volume Rendering for Multi-view Reconstructioncited by 1,712
  4. 2021Plenoxels: Radiance Fields without Neural Networkscited by 1,613
  5. 2022Objaverse: A Universe of Annotated 3D Objectscited by 1,540
  6. 2020D-NeRF: Neural Radiance Fields for Dynamic Scenescited by 1,465
  7. 2018Demystifying MMD GANscited by 1,293
  8. 2022TensoRF: Tensorial Radiance Fieldscited by 1,280
  9. 2021Efficient Geometry-aware 3D Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 1,205
  10. 2020Nerfies: Deformable Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 1,198
  11. 20234D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Dynamic Scene Renderingcited by 1,157
  12. 20242D Gaussian Splatting for Geometrically Accurate Radiance Fieldscited by 1,076
  13. 2018Learning Implicit Fields for Generative Shape Modelingcited by 1,060
  14. 2023LRM: Large Reconstruction Model for Single Image to 3Dcited by 849
  15. 2023DreamGaussian: Generative Gaussian Splatting for Efficient 3D Content Creationcited by 843
  16. 2024LGM: Large Multi-View Gaussian Model for High-Resolution 3D Content Creationcited by 739
  17. 2022Latent-NeRF for Shape-Guided Generation of 3D Shapes and Texturescited by 506
  18. 2022GET3D: A Generative Model of High Quality 3D Textured Shapes Learned from Imagescited by 446
  19. 2023Splatter Image: Ultra-Fast Single-View 3D Reconstructioncited by 364
  20. 2024GS-LRM: Large Reconstruction Model for 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 349
  21. 2022NeuS2: Fast Learning of Neural Implicit Surfaces for Multi-view Reconstructioncited by 314
  22. 2024GRM: Large Gaussian Reconstruction Model for Efficient 3D Reconstruction and Generationcited by 301
  23. 2023Text-to-3D using Gaussian Splattingcited by 299
  24. 2022SDFusion: Multimodal 3D Shape Completion, Reconstruction, and Generationcited by 288
  25. 2023Triplane Meets Gaussian Splatting: Fast and Generalizable Single-View 3D Reconstruction with Transformerscited by 258
  26. 2024DNGaussian: Optimizing Sparse-View 3D Gaussian Radiance Fields with Global-Local Depth Normalizationcited by 256
  27. 2023Uni3D: Exploring Unified 3D Representation at Scalecited by 237
  28. 2023DreamBooth3D: Subject-Driven Text-to-3D Generationcited by 235
  29. 2022Geo-Neus: Geometry-Consistent Neural Implicit Surfaces Learning for Multi-view Reconstructioncited by 212
  30. 2020Deep Fashion3D: A Dataset and Benchmark for 3D Garment Reconstruction from Single Imagescited by 103
  31. 2024GVGEN: Text-to-3D Generation with Volumetric Representationcited by 51
  32. 2024Neural Signed Distance Function Inference through Splatting 3D Gaussians Pulled on Zero-Level Setcited by 49
  33. 2022CAP-UDF: Learning Unsigned Distance Functions Progressively from Raw Point Clouds with Consistency-Aware Field Optimizationcited by 47
  34. 20223D Shape Reconstruction from 2D Images with Disentangled Attribute Flowcited by 45
  35. 2024Binocular-Guided 3D Gaussian Splatting with View Consistency for Sparse View Synthesiscited by 41
  36. 2023Towards Better Gradient Consistency for Neural Signed Distance Functions via Level Set Alignmentcited by 39
  37. 2022NeAF: Learning Neural Angle Fields for Point Normal Estimationcited by 38
  38. 2023Differentiable Registration of Images and LiDAR Point Clouds with VoxelPoint-to-Pixel Matchingcited by 37

50 most cited of 57 All 57 (JSON)

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 3; 2025: 26; 2026: 22.

51 papers.

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  1. 2024Prometheus: 3D-Aware Latent Diffusion Models for Feed-Forward Text-to-3D Scene Generationcited by 34
  2. 2024Baking Gaussian Splatting into Diffusion Denoiser for Fast and Scalable Single-stage Image-to-3D Generation and Reconstructioncited by 32
  3. 2025MaterialRefGS: Reflective Gaussian Splatting with Multi-view Consistent Material Inferencecited by 23
  4. 20243DSceneEditor: Controllable 3D Scene Editing with Gaussian Splattingcited by 22
  5. 2025Instant GaussianImage: A Generalizable and Self-Adaptive Image Representation via 2D Gaussian Splattingcited by 18
  6. 2025MonoInstance: Enhancing Monocular Priors via Multi-view Instance Alignment for Neural Rendering and Reconstructioncited by 15
  7. 2025GaussianUDF: Inferring Unsigned Distance Functions through 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 15
  8. 2025NeRFPrior: Learning Neural Radiance Field as a Prior for Indoor Scene Reconstructioncited by 12
  9. 20253D-LATTE: Latent Space 3D Editing from Textual Instructionscited by 11
  10. 2026MoRe: Motion-aware Feed-forward 4D Reconstruction Transformercited by 9
  11. 2025UVGS: Reimagining Unstructured 3D Gaussian Splatting using UV Mappingcited by 8
  12. 2025BevSplat: Resolving Height Ambiguity via Feature-Based Gaussian Primitives for Weakly-Supervised Cross-View Localizationcited by 8
38 more
  1. 2025Towards Scalable Spatial Intelligence via 2D-to-3D Data Liftingcited by 8
  2. 2025Repurposing 2D Diffusion Models with Gaussian Atlas for 3D Generationcited by 7
  3. 2025Progressive Rendering Distillation: Adapting Stable Diffusion for Instant Text-to-Mesh Generation without 3D Datacited by 7
  4. 2025Learning Bijective Surface Parameterization for Inferring Signed Distance Functions from Sparse Point Clouds with Grid Deformationcited by 7
  5. 2025GAP: Gaussianize Any Point Clouds with Text Guidancecited by 7
  6. 2025OmniGen: Unified Multimodal Sensor Generation for Autonomous Drivingcited by 5
  7. 2025Holistic Large-Scale Scene Reconstruction via Mixed Gaussian Splattingcited by 4
  8. 20264C4D: 4 Camera 4D Gaussian Splattingcited by 4
  9. 2025U-CAN: Unsupervised Point Cloud Denoising with Consistency-Aware Noise2Noise Matchingcited by 3
  10. 2026GGPT: Geometry Grounded Point Transformercited by 3
  11. 2025CompMarkGS: Robust Watermarking for Compressed 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 2
  12. 2025Learning Unified Representation of 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 2
  13. 2025SplatSuRe: Selective Super-Resolution for Multi-view Consistent 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 2
  14. 2025Contour Information Aware 2D Gaussian Splatting for Image Representationcited by 2
  15. 2026Radioactive 3D Gaussian Ray Tracing for Tomographic Reconstructioncited by 2
  16. 2026GS-Voxel: Fitting-Free Structured Latents for Large-Scale 3DGS Generationcited by 2
  17. 2025HuGDiffusion: Generalizable Single-Image Human Rendering via 3D Gaussian Diffusioncited by 1
  18. 2025X-SG2S: Safe and Generalizable Gaussian Splatting with X-dimensional Watermarkscited by 1
  19. 2025HuGeDiff: 3D Human Generation via Diffusion with Gaussian Splattingcited by 1
  20. 2025Hyper Diffusion Avatars: Dynamic Human Avatar Generation using Network Weight Space Diffusioncited by 1
  21. 2025Repurposing 2D Diffusion Models for 3D Shape Completioncited by 1
  22. 2026ScenDi: 3D-to-2D Scene Diffusion Cascades for Urban Generationcited by 1
  23. 2026Cog2Gen3D: Sculpturing 3D Semantic-Geometric Cognition for 3D Generationcited by 1
  24. 2026GaussianGrow: Geometry-aware Gaussian Growing from 3D Point Clouds with Text Guidancecited by 1
  25. 2026Latent Riemannian Flow Matching for Geometry-Grounded 3D Foundation Modelscited by 1
  26. 2025Disentangling 3D from Large Vision-Language Models for Controlled Portrait Generationcited by 0
  27. 2026ARGS: Auto-Regressive Gaussian Splatting via Parallel Progressive Next-Scale Predictioncited by 0
  28. 20263DReflecNet: A Large-Scale Dataset for 3D Reconstruction of Reflective, Transparent, and Low-Texture Objectscited by 0
  29. 2026Denoising-GS: Gaussian Splatting with Spatial-aware Denoisingcited by 0
  30. 2026SAD-GS: Learning Reliable 3D Semantic Gaussian Fields via Dynamic Geo-Semantic Anchoringcited by 0
  31. 2026AnchorSplat: Fast and Structure Consistent Detail Synthesis for Gaussian Splattingcited by 0
  32. 2026AdaptiveSplat:Texture Aware Controllable 3D Gaussian Allocation for Feed-Forward Reconstructioncited by 0
  33. 20264DHumanDiff: Direct Text-to-4DGS Generation for Consistent 360-Degree Dynamic Humanscited by 0
  34. 2026GSComplete: Gaussian Splat Completion with 2D Diffusion Priorscited by 0
  35. 2026D3GS: Depth, DINO, and RGB Diffusion Co-Guided 3D Gaussian Splatting for Sparse-View Reconstructioncited by 0
  36. 2026GARO: Geometry-Aware Redundancy Optimization for Real-Time and High-Fidelity Dynamic Gaussian Splattingcited by 0
  37. 2026Visibility-Guided Structured Measure Flow for Class-Conditioned 3D Gaussian Generationcited by 0
  38. 2026Fusion-Aware Direct 3D Gaussian Generation with Structured Patch Latent Flowscited by 0

50 most cited of 51 All 51 (JSON)

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  1. 2023GaussianDiffusion: 3D Gaussian Splatting for Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models with Structured Noise
  2. 2026PixGS: Pixel-Space Diffusion for Direct 3D Gaussian Splat Generation
  3. 2025Distilled-3DGS:Distilled 3D Gaussian Splatting
  4. 2024GSD: View-Guided Gaussian Splatting Diffusion for 3D Reconstruction
  5. 2023CompGS: Smaller and Faster Gaussian Splatting with Vector Quantization
  6. 2026Nix and Fix: Targeting 1000x Compression of 3D Gaussian Splatting with Diffusion Models
  7. 2025Optimized Minimal 3D Gaussian Splatting
  8. 2025DiffSplat: Repurposing Image Diffusion Models for Scalable Gaussian Splat Generation