ZeroEGGS: Zero-shot Example-based Gesture Generation from Speech
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Abstract (arXiv)
We present ZeroEGGS, a neural network framework for speech-driven gesture generation with zero-shot style control by example. This means style can be controlled via only a short example motion clip, even for motion styles unseen during training. Our model uses a Variational framework to learn a style embedding, making it easy to modify style through latent space manipulation or blending and scaling of style embeddings. The probabilistic nature of our framework further enables the generation of a variety of outputs given the same input, addressing the stochastic nature of gesture motion. In a series of experiments, we first demonstrate the flexibility and generalizability of our model to new speakers and styles. In a user study, we then show that our model outperforms previous state-of-the-art techniques in naturalness of motion, appropriateness for speech, and style portrayal. Finally, we release a high-quality dataset of full-body gesture motion including fingers, with speech, spanning across 19 different styles.
Key facts. Cited by 83 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 22 of its 41 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 15 Sep 2022.
Builds on
22 of 41 references.
References · 22
- 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 59,932
- 2018On the Continuity of Rotation Representations in Neural Networkscited by 1,186
- 2022MotionDiffuse: Text-Driven Human Motion Generation with Diffusion Modelcited by 768
- 2019On the Variance of the Adaptive Learning Rate and Beyondcited by 763
- 2015Generating Sentences from a Continuous Spacecited by 607
- 2022TEMOS: Generating diverse human motions from textual descriptionscited by 486
- 2022MotionCLIP: Exposing Human Motion Generation to CLIP Spacecited by 406
- 2014Deep Speech: Scaling up end-to-end speech recognitioncited by 354
- 2018Style Tokens: Unsupervised Style Modeling, Control and Transfer in End-to-End Speech Synthesiscited by 257
- 2022FLAME: Free-form Language-based Motion Synthesis & Editingcited by 217
- 2020Speech Gesture Generation from the Trimodal Context of Text, Audio, and Speaker Identitycited by 199
- 2019Learning Individual Styles of Conversational Gesturecited by 190
10 more
- 2020Unpaired Motion Style Transfer from Video to Animationcited by 94
- 2018Hierarchical Generative Modeling for Controllable Speech Synthesiscited by 93
- 2018Variational Autoencoders Pursue PCA Directions (by Accident)cited by 84
- 2020Gesticulator: A framework for semantically-aware speech-driven gesture generationcited by 84
- 2020Style Transfer for Co-Speech Gesture Animation: A Multi-Speaker Conditional-Mixture Approachcited by 64
- 2018Recurrent Transition Networks for Character Locomotioncited by 52
- 2021A large, crowdsourced evaluation of gesture generation systems on common data: The GENEA Challenge 2020cited by 38
- 2021HEMVIP: Human Evaluation of Multiple Videos in Parallelcited by 13
- 2021Passing a Non-verbal Turing Test: Evaluating Gesture Animations Generated from Speechcited by 11
- 2021SGToolkit: An Interactive Gesture Authoring Toolkit for Embodied Conversational Agentscited by 11
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Citing papers per year: 2022: 2; 2023: 21; 2024: 23; 2025: 23; 2026: 14.
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- 2022Listen, Denoise, Action! Audio-Driven Motion Synthesis with Diffusion Modelscited by 188
- 2023GestureDiffuCLIP: Gesture Diffusion Model with CLIP Latentscited by 156
- 2023EMAGE: Towards Unified Holistic Co-Speech Gesture Generation via Expressive Masked Audio Gesture Modelingcited by 101
- 2023Human Motion Generation: A Surveycited by 95
- 2023DiffuseStyleGesture: Stylized Audio-Driven Co-Speech Gesture Generation with Diffusion Modelscited by 85
- 2023A Comprehensive Review of Data-Driven Co-Speech Gesture Generationcited by 66
- 2024Large Motion Model for Unified Multi-Modal Motion Generationcited by 65
- 2024ConvoFusion: Multi-Modal Conversational Diffusion for Co-Speech Gesture Synthesiscited by 41
- 2023Emotional Speech-driven 3D Body Animation via Disentangled Latent Diffusioncited by 39
- 2024Semantic Gesticulator: Semantics-Aware Co-Speech Gesture Synthesiscited by 39
- 2024Enabling Synergistic Full-Body Control in Prompt-Based Co-Speech Motion Generationcited by 35
- 2024Co-Speech Gesture Video Generation via Motion-Decoupled Diffusion Modelcited by 34
38 more
- 2024Monkey See, Monkey Do: Harnessing Self-attention in Motion Diffusion for Zero-shot Motion Transfercited by 30
- 2023Diffusion-Based Co-Speech Gesture Generation Using Joint Text and Audio Representationcited by 27
- 2024Retrieving Semantics from the Deep: an RAG Solution for Gesture Synthesiscited by 25
- 2023BodyFormer: Semantics-guided 3D Body Gesture Synthesis with Transformercited by 21
- 2023MotionScript: Natural Language Descriptions for Expressive 3D Human Motionscited by 21
- 2024Freetalker: Controllable Speech and Text-Driven Gesture Generation Based on Diffusion Models for Enhanced Speaker Naturalnesscited by 18
- 2023Weakly-Supervised Emotion Transition Learning for Diverse 3D Co-speech Gesture Generationcited by 17
- 2025Embody 3D: A Large-scale Multimodal Motion and Behavior Datasetcited by 16
- 2023EMoG: Synthesizing Emotive Co-speech 3D Gesture with Diffusion Modelcited by 15
- 2023UnifiedGesture: A Unified Gesture Synthesis Model for Multiple Skeletonscited by 15
- 2023The DiffuseStyleGesture+ entry to the GENEA Challenge 2023cited by 14
- 2023Diff-TTSG: Denoising probabilistic integrated speech and gesture synthesiscited by 13
- 2023A Unified Framework for Multimodal, Multi-Part Human Motion Synthesiscited by 12
- 2025Motion-example-controlled Co-speech Gesture Generation Leveraging Large Language Modelscited by 10
- 2023Co-Speech Gesture Synthesis using Discrete Gesture Token Learningcited by 9
- 2025Co3Gesture: Towards Coherent Concurrent Co-speech 3D Gesture Generation with Interactive Diffusioncited by 9
- 2026MIBURI: Towards Expressive Interactive Gesture Synthesiscited by 9
- 2023AQ-GT: a Temporally Aligned and Quantized GRU-Transformer for Co-Speech Gesture Synthesiscited by 8
- 2025Social Agent: Mastering Dyadic Nonverbal Behavior Generation via Conversational LLM Agentscited by 8
- 2024InterAct: Capture and Modelling of Realistic, Expressive and Interactive Activities between Two Persons in Daily Scenarioscited by 7
- 2025StickMotion: Generating 3D Human Motions by Drawing a Stickmancited by 7
- 2025Model See Model Do: Speech-Driven Facial Animation with Style Controlcited by 7
- 2026PersonaGesture: Single-Reference Co-Speech Gesture Personalization for Unseen Speakerscited by 7
- 2023GesGPT: Speech Gesture Synthesis With Text Parsing from ChatGPTcited by 6
- 2023Large language models in textual analysis for gesture selectioncited by 6
- 2024Speech-driven Personalized Gesture Synthetics: Harnessing Automatic Fuzzy Feature Inferencecited by 6
- 2025ViBES: A Conversational Agent with Behaviorally-Intelligent 3D Virtual Bodycited by 6
- 2024Fake it to make it: Using synthetic data to remedy the data shortage in joint multimodal speech-and-gesture synthesiscited by 5
- 2024LLM Gesticulator: Leveraging Large Language Models for Scalable and Controllable Co-Speech Gesture Synthesiscited by 5
- 2024Scalable Group Choreography via Variational Phase Manifold Learningcited by 4
- 2024Decoupling Contact for Fine-Grained Motion Style Transfercited by 4
- 2025CoordSpeaker: Exploiting Gesture Captioning for Coordinated Caption-Empowered Co-Speech Gesture Generationcited by 4
- 2024Towards a GENEA Leaderboard -- an Extended, Living Benchmark for Evaluating and Advancing Conversational Motion Synthesiscited by 3
- 2025DIDiffGes: Decoupled Semi-Implicit Diffusion Models for Real-time Gesture Generation from Speechcited by 3
- 2025fMRI2GES: Co-speech Gesture Reconstruction from fMRI Signal with Dual Brain Decoding Alignmentcited by 3
- 2025InteracTalker: Prompt-Based Human-Object Interaction with Co-Speech Gesture Generationcited by 3
- 2026PhysDrift: Bridging the Embodiment Gap in Humanoid Co-Speech Motion Generationcited by 3
- 2026RoboGesture: Real-Time Semantic-aligned Co-Speech Gestures Generation for Humanoid Interactioncited by 3
50 most cited of 83 All 83 (JSON)
- 2026GestAdapt: Workspace-Conditioned Co-Speech Gesture Generation for Humanoid Robots29 Sep 2026
- 2026SocialHumanoid: Towards Expressive Humanoid Behavior via One-Step Co-Speech Motion Generation27 Sep 2026
- 2026Flexible Motion Generation from Language and Style References7 Sep 2026
- 2026RoboGesture: Real-Time Semantic-aligned Co-Speech Gestures Generation for Humanoid Interaction27 Aug 2026
- 2026Super Star: Towards Streaming Real-time Interactive Agents for Digital Humans22 Jul 2026
- 2026PhysDrift: Bridging the Embodiment Gap in Humanoid Co-Speech Motion Generation18 Jun 2026
- 2026SiGnature: Explicit Motion Diffusion for Stylized Semantic Gesture14 Jun 2026
- 2026EchoAvatar: Real-time Generative Avatar Animation from Audio Streams27 May 2026
- 2026DrawMotion: Generating 3D Human Motions by Freehand Drawing20 May 2026
- 2026PersonaGest: Personalized Co-Speech Gesture Generation with Semantic-Guided Hierarchical Motion Representation8 May 2026
- 2026PersonaGesture: Single-Reference Co-Speech Gesture Personalization for Unseen Speakers7 May 2026
- 2026MIBURI: Towards Expressive Interactive Gesture Synthesis3 Mar 2026
38 more
- 2026SARAH: Spatially Aware Real-time Agentic Humans20 Feb 2026
- 2026ProAct: Harnessing Streaming Motion Generation and Agentic Reasoning for Real-Time Embodied Social Interaction15 Feb 2026
- 2025Evaluation of Generative Models for Emotional 3D Animation Generation in VR18 Dec 2025
- 2025ViBES: A Conversational Agent with Behaviorally-Intelligent 3D Virtual Body16 Dec 2025
- 2025Towards Unified Co-Speech Gesture Generation via Hierarchical Implicit Periodicity Learning15 Dec 2025
- 2025InteracTalker: Prompt-Based Human-Object Interaction with Co-Speech Gesture Generation14 Dec 2025
- 2025A Survey of Body and Face Motion: Datasets, Performance Evaluation Metrics and Generative Techniques9 Dec 2025
- 2025fMRI2GES: Co-speech Gesture Reconstruction from fMRI Signal with Dual Brain Decoding Alignment1 Dec 2025
- 2025CoordSpeaker: Exploiting Gesture Captioning for Coordinated Caption-Empowered Co-Speech Gesture Generation28 Nov 2025
- 2025Towards Reliable Human Evaluations in Gesture Generation: Insights from a Community-Driven State-of-the-Art Benchmark3 Nov 2025
- 2025ImaGGen: Zero-Shot Generation of Co-Speech Semantic Gestures Grounded in Language and Image Input20 Oct 2025
- 2025Conveying Meaning through Gestures: An Investigation into Semantic Co-Speech Gesture Generation20 Oct 2025
- 2025Embody 3D: A Large-scale Multimodal Motion and Behavior Dataset17 Oct 2025
- 2025MimicParts: Part-aware Style Injection for Speech-Driven 3D Motion Generation15 Oct 2025
- 2025Social Agent: Mastering Dyadic Nonverbal Behavior Generation via Conversational LLM Agents6 Oct 2025
- 2025InterAct: A Large-Scale Dataset of Dynamic, Expressive and Interactive Activities between Two People in Daily Scenarios6 Sep 2025
- 2025Multimodal Quantitative Measures for Multiparty Behaviour Evaluation1 Aug 2025
- 2025Motion-example-controlled Co-speech Gesture Generation Leveraging Large Language Models27 Jul 2025
- 2025A conversational gesture synthesis system based on emotions and semantics3 Jul 2025
- 2025Co3Gesture: Towards Coherent Concurrent Co-speech 3D Gesture Generation with Interactive Diffusion3 May 2025
- 2025Model See Model Do: Speech-Driven Facial Animation with Style Control2 May 2025
- 2025DIDiffGes: Decoupled Semi-Implicit Diffusion Models for Real-time Gesture Generation from Speech21 Mar 2025
- 2025Streaming Generation of Co-Speech Gestures via Accelerated Rolling Diffusion13 Mar 2025
- 2025ExGes: Expressive Human Motion Retrieval and Modulation for Audio-Driven Gesture Synthesis9 Mar 2025
- 2025StickMotion: Generating 3D Human Motions by Drawing a Stickman5 Mar 2025
- 2024Retrieving Semantics from the Deep: an RAG Solution for Gesture Synthesis9 Dec 2024
- 2024DiM-Gestor: Co-Speech Gesture Generation with Adaptive Layer Normalization Mamba-223 Nov 2024
- 2024Towards a GENEA Leaderboard -- an Extended, Living Benchmark for Evaluating and Advancing Conversational Motion Synthesis8 Oct 2024
- 2024LLM Gesticulator: Leveraging Large Language Models for Scalable and Controllable Co-Speech Gesture Synthesis6 Oct 2024
- 2024Enabling Synergistic Full-Body Control in Prompt-Based Co-Speech Motion Generation1 Oct 2024
- 20242D or not 2D: How Does the Dimensionality of Gesture Representation Affect 3D Co-Speech Gesture Generation?16 Sep 2024
- 2024Decoupling Contact for Fine-Grained Motion Style Transfer9 Sep 2024
- 2024DiM-Gesture: Co-Speech Gesture Generation with Adaptive Layer Normalization Mamba-2 framework1 Aug 2024
- 2024Scalable Group Choreography via Variational Phase Manifold Learning26 Jul 2024
- 2024Investigating the impact of 2D gesture representation on co-speech gesture generation21 Jun 2024
- 2024Monkey See, Monkey Do: Harnessing Self-attention in Motion Diffusion for Zero-shot Motion Transfer10 Jun 2024
- 2024CoCoGesture: Toward Coherent Co-speech 3D Gesture Generation in the Wild27 May 2024
- 2024InterAct: Capture and Modelling of Realistic, Expressive and Interactive Activities between Two Persons in Daily Scenarios19 May 2024
50 newest of 83 All 83 (JSON)
- 2022Listen, Denoise, Action! Audio-Driven Motion Synthesis with Diffusion Modelscited by 188
- 2023GestureDiffuCLIP: Gesture Diffusion Model with CLIP Latentscited by 156
- 2023DiffuseStyleGesture: Stylized Audio-Driven Co-Speech Gesture Generation with Diffusion Modelscited by 85
- 2023Emotional Speech-driven 3D Body Animation via Disentangled Latent Diffusioncited by 39
- 2024Co-Speech Gesture Video Generation via Motion-Decoupled Diffusion Modelcited by 34
- 2024Monkey See, Monkey Do: Harnessing Self-attention in Motion Diffusion for Zero-shot Motion Transfercited by 30
- 2024Freetalker: Controllable Speech and Text-Driven Gesture Generation Based on Diffusion Models for Enhanced Speaker Naturalnesscited by 18
- 2023EMoG: Synthesizing Emotive Co-speech 3D Gesture with Diffusion Modelcited by 15
- 2023UnifiedGesture: A Unified Gesture Synthesis Model for Multiple Skeletonscited by 15
- 2023The DiffuseStyleGesture+ entry to the GENEA Challenge 2023cited by 14
- 2025DIDiffGes: Decoupled Semi-Implicit Diffusion Models for Real-time Gesture Generation from Speechcited by 3
- 2026RoboGesture: Real-Time Semantic-aligned Co-Speech Gestures Generation for Humanoid Interactioncited by 3
12 most cited of 14 All 14 (JSON)
- 2026RoboGesture: Real-Time Semantic-aligned Co-Speech Gestures Generation for Humanoid Interaction27 Aug 2026
- 2025DIDiffGes: Decoupled Semi-Implicit Diffusion Models for Real-time Gesture Generation from Speech21 Mar 2025
- 2024Monkey See, Monkey Do: Harnessing Self-attention in Motion Diffusion for Zero-shot Motion Transfer10 Jun 2024
- 2024CoCoGesture: Toward Coherent Co-speech 3D Gesture Generation in the Wild27 May 2024
- 2024Co-Speech Gesture Video Generation via Motion-Decoupled Diffusion Model2 Apr 2024
- 2024Diffusion-based Graph Generative Methods28 Jan 2024
- 2024Freetalker: Controllable Speech and Text-Driven Gesture Generation Based on Diffusion Models for Enhanced Speaker Naturalness7 Jan 2024
- 2023Emotional Speech-driven 3D Body Animation via Disentangled Latent Diffusion7 Dec 2023
- 2023UnifiedGesture: A Unified Gesture Synthesis Model for Multiple Skeletons13 Sep 2023
- 2023The DiffuseStyleGesture+ entry to the GENEA Challenge 202326 Aug 2023
- 2023EMoG: Synthesizing Emotive Co-speech 3D Gesture with Diffusion Model20 Jun 2023
- 2023DiffuseStyleGesture: Stylized Audio-Driven Co-Speech Gesture Generation with Diffusion Models8 May 2023
12 newest of 14 All 14 (JSON)
- 2025Social Agent: Mastering Dyadic Nonverbal Behavior Generation via Conversational LLM Agentscited by 8
- 2025ViBES: A Conversational Agent with Behaviorally-Intelligent 3D Virtual Bodycited by 6
- 2026ProAct: Harnessing Streaming Motion Generation and Agentic Reasoning for Real-Time Embodied Social Interactioncited by 2
- 2026SARAH: Spatially Aware Real-time Agentic Humanscited by 2
- 2026SARAH: Spatially Aware Real-time Agentic Humans20 Feb 2026
- 2026ProAct: Harnessing Streaming Motion Generation and Agentic Reasoning for Real-Time Embodied Social Interaction15 Feb 2026
- 2025ViBES: A Conversational Agent with Behaviorally-Intelligent 3D Virtual Body16 Dec 2025
- 2025Social Agent: Mastering Dyadic Nonverbal Behavior Generation via Conversational LLM Agents6 Oct 2025
- 2023EMAGE: Towards Unified Holistic Co-Speech Gesture Generation via Expressive Masked Audio Gesture Modelingcited by 101
- 2023Human Motion Generation: A Surveycited by 95
- 2023A Comprehensive Review of Data-Driven Co-Speech Gesture Generationcited by 66
- 2024Large Motion Model for Unified Multi-Modal Motion Generationcited by 65
- 2024ConvoFusion: Multi-Modal Conversational Diffusion for Co-Speech Gesture Synthesiscited by 41
- 2024Semantic Gesticulator: Semantics-Aware Co-Speech Gesture Synthesiscited by 39
- 2024Enabling Synergistic Full-Body Control in Prompt-Based Co-Speech Motion Generationcited by 35
- 2023Diffusion-Based Co-Speech Gesture Generation Using Joint Text and Audio Representationcited by 27
- 2024Retrieving Semantics from the Deep: an RAG Solution for Gesture Synthesiscited by 25
- 2023BodyFormer: Semantics-guided 3D Body Gesture Synthesis with Transformercited by 21
- 2023MotionScript: Natural Language Descriptions for Expressive 3D Human Motionscited by 21
- 2023Weakly-Supervised Emotion Transition Learning for Diverse 3D Co-speech Gesture Generationcited by 17
12 most cited of 63 All 63 (JSON)
- 2026GestAdapt: Workspace-Conditioned Co-Speech Gesture Generation for Humanoid Robots29 Sep 2026
- 2026SocialHumanoid: Towards Expressive Humanoid Behavior via One-Step Co-Speech Motion Generation27 Sep 2026
- 2026Flexible Motion Generation from Language and Style References7 Sep 2026
- 2026Super Star: Towards Streaming Real-time Interactive Agents for Digital Humans22 Jul 2026
- 2026PhysDrift: Bridging the Embodiment Gap in Humanoid Co-Speech Motion Generation18 Jun 2026
- 2026SiGnature: Explicit Motion Diffusion for Stylized Semantic Gesture14 Jun 2026
- 2026EchoAvatar: Real-time Generative Avatar Animation from Audio Streams27 May 2026
- 2026DrawMotion: Generating 3D Human Motions by Freehand Drawing20 May 2026
- 2026PersonaGest: Personalized Co-Speech Gesture Generation with Semantic-Guided Hierarchical Motion Representation8 May 2026
- 2026PersonaGesture: Single-Reference Co-Speech Gesture Personalization for Unseen Speakers7 May 2026
- 2026MIBURI: Towards Expressive Interactive Gesture Synthesis3 Mar 2026
- 2025Evaluation of Generative Models for Emotional 3D Animation Generation in VR18 Dec 2025
12 newest of 63 All 63 (JSON)