SARAH: Spatially Aware Real-time Agentic Humans
On the map: LLM agents and tool use → Multimodal and embodied agents
Abstract (arXiv)
As embodied agents become central to VR, telepresence, and digital human applications, their motion must go beyond speech-aligned gestures: agents should turn toward users, respond to their movement, and maintain natural gaze. Current methods lack this spatial awareness. We close this gap with the first real-time, fully causal method for spatially-aware conversational motion, deployable on a streaming VR headset. Given a user's position and dyadic audio, our approach produces full-body motion that aligns gestures with speech while orienting the agent according to the user. Our architecture combines a causal transformer-based VAE with interleaved latent tokens for streaming inference and a flow matching model conditioned on user trajectory and audio. To support varying gaze preferences, we introduce a gaze scoring mechanism with classifier-free guidance to decouple learning from control: the model captures natural spatial alignment from data, while users can adjust eye contact intensity at inference time. On the Embody 3D dataset, our method achieves state-of-the-art motion quality at over 300 FPS -- 3x faster than non-causal baselines -- while capturing the subtle spatial dynamics of natural conversation. We validate our approach on a live VR system, bringing spatially-aware conversational agents to real-time deployment. Please see https://evonneng.github.io/sarah/ for details.
Key facts. Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Multimodal and embodied agents, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 29 of its 46 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 20 Feb 2026.
Builds on
29 of 46 references.
References · 29
- 2021HuBERT: Self-Supervised Speech Representation Learning by Masked Prediction of Hidden Unitscited by 2,301
- 2022Human Motion Diffusion Modelcited by 1,062
- 2024Diffusion Forcing: Next-token Prediction Meets Full-Sequence Diffusioncited by 634
- 2023MotionGPT: Human Motion as a Foreign Languagecited by 521
- 2023MoMask: Generative Masked Modeling of 3D Human Motionscited by 388
- 2019Learning Individual Styles of Conversational Gesturecited by 190
- 2022Listen, Denoise, Action! Audio-Driven Motion Synthesis with Diffusion Modelscited by 188
- 2022BEAT: A Large-Scale Semantic and Emotional Multi-Modal Dataset for Conversational Gestures Synthesiscited by 177
- 2023GestureDiffuCLIP: Gesture Diffusion Model with CLIP Latentscited by 156
- 2025Diffusion Adversarial Post-Training for One-Step Video Generationcited by 142
- 2022Learning to Listen: Modeling Non-Deterministic Dyadic Facial Motioncited by 125
- 2023EMAGE: Towards Unified Holistic Co-Speech Gesture Generation via Expressive Masked Audio Gesture Modelingcited by 101
17 more
- 2020Gesticulator: A framework for semantically-aware speech-driven gesture generationcited by 84
- 2022ZeroEGGS: Zero-shot Example-based Gesture Generation from Speechcited by 83
- 2024From Audio to Photoreal Embodiment: Synthesizing Humans in Conversationscited by 82
- 2021Driving-Signal Aware Full-Body Avatarscited by 81
- 2024DartControl: A Diffusion-Based Autoregressive Motion Model for Real-Time Text-Driven Motion Controlcited by 80
- 2023A Comprehensive Review of Data-Driven Co-Speech Gesture Generationcited by 66
- 2024Taming Diffusion Probabilistic Models for Character Controlcited by 56
- 2022Talking Head Generation with Probabilistic Audio-to-Visual Diffusion Priorscited by 55
- 2019Towards Social Artificial Intelligence: Nonverbal Social Signal Prediction in A Triadic Interactioncited by 48
- 2016Social Scene Understanding: End-to-End Multi-Person Action Localization and Collective Activity Recognitioncited by 43
- 2025StreamDiT: Real-Time Streaming Text-to-Video Generationcited by 43
- 2023LivelySpeaker: Towards Semantic-Aware Co-Speech Gesture Generationcited by 40
- 2024Semantic Gesticulator: Semantics-Aware Co-Speech Gesture Synthesiscited by 39
- 2024TANGO: Co-Speech Gesture Video Reenactment with Hierarchical Audio Motion Embedding and Diffusion Interpolationcited by 32
- 2019To React or not to React: End-to-End Visual Pose Forecasting for Personalized Avatar during Dyadic Conversationscited by 26
- 2024SIGGesture: Generalized Co-Speech Gesture Synthesis via Semantic Injection with Large-Scale Pre-Training Diffusion Modelscited by 18
- 2025Pedestrian Trajectory Prediction Based on Social Interactions Learning With Random Weightscited by 8
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 2.
2 papers.
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2026EmbodiedHead: Real-Time Listening and Speaking Avatar for Conversational Agents
- 2026STEER: Steerable Dyadic Head Avatars
- 2026SpatialPoint: Spatial-aware Point Prediction for Embodied Localization
- 2026LightNav-0: Eliciting VLM Spatial Intelligence for Generalist Embodied Navigation
- 2026Puppeteer: Object-Grounded Posture-Aware Co-Speech Gesture Generation
- 2026Super Star: Towards Streaming Real-time Interactive Agents for Digital Humans
- 2026ProAct: Harnessing Streaming Motion Generation and Agentic Reasoning for Real-Time Embodied Social Interaction
- 2026SIAgent: Spatial Interaction Agent via LLM-powered Eye-Hand Motion Intent Understanding in VR