Neural 3D Mesh Renderer
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Abstract (arXiv)
For modeling the 3D world behind 2D images, which 3D representation is most appropriate? A polygon mesh is a promising candidate for its compactness and geometric properties. However, it is not straightforward to model a polygon mesh from 2D images using neural networks because the conversion from a mesh to an image, or rendering, involves a discrete operation called rasterization, which prevents back-propagation. Therefore, in this work, we propose an approximate gradient for rasterization that enables the integration of rendering into neural networks. Using this renderer, we perform single-image 3D mesh reconstruction with silhouette image supervision and our system outperforms the existing voxel-based approach. Additionally, we perform gradient-based 3D mesh editing operations, such as 2D-to-3D style transfer and 3D DeepDream, with 2D supervision for the first time. These applications demonstrate the potential of the integration of a mesh renderer into neural networks and the effectiveness of our proposed renderer.
Key facts. Cited by 437 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 20 Nov 2017.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 118; 2022: 107; 2023: 93; 2024: 62; 2025: 30; 2026: 27.
437 papers.
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- 2021NeuS: Learning Neural Implicit Surfaces by Volume Rendering for Multi-view Reconstructioncited by 1,712
- 2023Objaverse-XL: A Universe of 10M+ 3D Objectscited by 774
- 2021Common Objects in 3D: Large-Scale Learning and Evaluation of Real-life 3D Category Reconstructioncited by 652
- 2022Kubric: A scalable dataset generatorcited by 381
- 2021Advances in Neural Renderingcited by 365
- 2023Splatter Image: Ultra-Fast Single-View 3D Reconstructioncited by 364
- 2021PARE: Part Attention Regressor for 3D Human Body Estimationcited by 337
- 2021Text2Mesh: Text-Driven Neural Stylization for Meshescited by 334
- 2021Light Field Networks: Neural Scene Representations with Single-Evaluation Renderingcited by 332
- 2021Mixture of Volumetric Primitives for Efficient Neural Renderingcited by 277
- 2021HeadNeRF: A Real-time NeRF-based Parametric Head Modelcited by 228
- 2021Scene Representation Transformer: Geometry-Free Novel View Synthesis Through Set-Latent Scene Representationscited by 227
38 more
- 2021DexMV: Imitation Learning for Dexterous Manipulation from Human Videoscited by 206
- 2023MeshDiffusion: Score-based Generative 3D Mesh Modelingcited by 199
- 2021CodeNeRF: Disentangled Neural Radiance Fields for Object Categoriescited by 183
- 2023NerfDiff: Single-image View Synthesis with NeRF-guided Distillation from 3D-aware Diffusioncited by 180
- 2023NeRO: Neural Geometry and BRDF Reconstruction of Reflective Objects from Multiview Imagescited by 163
- 2022Dream3D: Zero-Shot Text-to-3D Synthesis Using 3D Shape Prior and Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 151
- 2024MeshAnything: Artist-Created Mesh Generation with Autoregressive Transformerscited by 144
- 2023Flexible Isosurface Extraction for Gradient-Based Mesh Optimizationcited by 139
- 2021NeRS: Neural Reflectance Surfaces for Sparse-view 3D Reconstruction in the Wildcited by 136
- 2021Real-time Deep Dynamic Characterscited by 133
- 2022OakInk: A Large-scale Knowledge Repository for Understanding Hand-Object Interactioncited by 131
- 2022Diffusion-SDF: Text-to-Shape via Voxelized Diffusioncited by 128
- 2022NeRF-Art: Text-Driven Neural Radiance Fields Stylizationcited by 126
- 2022Neural Rendering for Stereo 3D Reconstruction of Deformable Tissues in Robotic Surgerycited by 123
- 2024Gaussian in the Wild: 3D Gaussian Splatting for Unconstrained Image Collectionscited by 117
- 2022ZebraPose: Coarse to Fine Surface Encoding for 6DoF Object Pose Estimationcited by 116
- 2022Is Attention All That NeRF Needs?cited by 113
- 2022MagicPony: Learning Articulated 3D Animals in the Wildcited by 112
- 2022Vision Transformer for NeRF-Based View Synthesis from a Single Input Imagecited by 104
- 2021Stylizing 3D Scene via Implicit Representation and HyperNetworkcited by 103
- 2021Invisible for both Camera and LiDAR: Security of Multi-Sensor Fusion based Perception in Autonomous Driving Under Physical-World Attackscited by 101
- 2021gradSim: Differentiable simulation for system identification and visuomotor controlcited by 100
- 2021NeRF-SR: High-Quality Neural Radiance Fields using Supersamplingcited by 95
- 2022InterCap: Joint Markerless 3D Tracking of Humans and Objects in Interactioncited by 93
- 2024GES: Generalized Exponential Splatting for Efficient Radiance Field Renderingcited by 92
- 2021AutoShape: Real-Time Shape-Aware Monocular 3D Object Detectioncited by 87
- 2022Learning Smooth Neural Functions via Lipschitz Regularizationcited by 86
- 2023AvatarCraft: Transforming Text into Neural Human Avatars with Parameterized Shape and Pose Controlcited by 84
- 2022TANGO: Text-driven Photorealistic and Robust 3D Stylization via Lighting Decompositioncited by 83
- 2021PixelSynth: Generating a 3D-Consistent Experience from a Single Imagecited by 82
- 2022Deforming Radiance Fields with Cagescited by 78
- 2021Learning to Stylize Novel Viewscited by 76
- 2021MeshUDF: Fast and Differentiable Meshing of Unsigned Distance Field Networkscited by 76
- 2021GeoSim: Realistic Video Simulation via Geometry-Aware Composition for Self-Drivingcited by 75
- 2021FCA: Learning a 3D Full-coverage Vehicle Camouflage for Multi-view Physical Adversarial Attackcited by 74
- 2022ShAPO: Implicit Representations for Multi-Object Shape, Appearance, and Pose Optimizationcited by 72
- 2023Multiview Compressive Coding for 3D Reconstructioncited by 71
- 2022CenterSnap: Single-Shot Multi-Object 3D Shape Reconstruction and Categorical 6D Pose and Size Estimationcited by 70
50 most cited of 437 All 437 (JSON)
- 2026Fysiverse-3D-SimReady Technical Report: Agentic Physical Simulation for Pragmatic 3D World Reconstruction21 Sep 2026
- 2026Graph-to-Grid (G2G): Continuous-Coordinate Feature Painting for Soccer Pass Surfaces21 Sep 2026
- 2026CapFrame: Text-Instructed Viewpoint Grounding in 3D Gaussian Scenes via Geometric Pseudo Labels31 Aug 2026
- 2026Elastic Triangle Splatting29 Aug 2026
- 2026ExMesh++: From Multi-View Images to Relightable UV-PBR Mesh Assets via Topology-Adaptive Reconstruction and Decomposition25 Aug 2026
- 2026CubicSplat: Differentiable Vector Graphics via Error-Bounded Forward Relaxation21 Aug 2026
- 2026Deformable Triangle Splatting: Flexible Primitives for Real-Time Radiance Field Rendering24 Jul 2026
- 2026Scene Parameter Saliency via Differentiable Light Transport23 Jul 2026
- 2026Scene-SAM3D: Multi-View Scene Asset Generation Without Fine-Tuning18 Jul 2026
- 2026HeartVolMesh: Cardiac Volumetric Mesh Reconstruction via Covariance-Guided Graph Deformation5 Jul 2026
- 2026OSOG: A Differentiable, Physics-Informed Synthetic Data Engine for Micro-Optical Environments19 Jun 2026
- 2026ExMesh: Explicit Mesh Reconstruction with Topology Adaptation5 Jun 2026
38 more
- 2026A Cookbook of 3D Vision: Data, Learning Paradigms, and Application2 Jun 2026
- 2026Advances in Neural 3D Mesh Texturing: A Survey28 May 2026
- 2026ArtMesh: Part-Aware Articulated Mesh Fields with Motion-Consistent Dynamics15 May 2026
- 2026Rollback-Free Stable Brick Structures Generation7 May 2026
- 2026Profile-Specific 3DMM Regression from a Single Lateral Face Image3 May 2026
- 2026M3D-Net: Multi-Modal 3D Facial Feature Reconstruction Network for Deepfake Detection16 Apr 2026
- 2026Image-Guided Geometric Stylization of 3D Meshes9 Apr 2026
- 2026ARGS: Auto-Regressive Gaussian Splatting via Parallel Progressive Next-Scale Prediction1 Apr 2026
- 2026R-PGA: Robust Physical Adversarial Camouflage Generation via Relightable 3D Gaussian Splatting27 Mar 2026
- 2026Towards 3D Scene Understanding of Gas Plumes in LWIR Hyperspectral Images Using Neural Radiance Fields5 Mar 2026
- 2026DiffBMP: Differentiable Rendering with Bitmap Primitives26 Feb 2026
- 2026Gaussian Mesh Renderer for Lightweight Differentiable Rendering16 Feb 2026
- 2026PEGAsus: 3D Personalization of Geometry and Appearance9 Feb 2026
- 2026Recovering 3D Shapes from Ultra-Fast Motion-Blurred Images8 Feb 2026
- 2026Copy-Trasform-Paste: Zero-Shot Object-Object Alignment Guided by Vision-Language and Geometric Constraints20 Jan 2026
- 2025Reconstructing Objects along Hand Interaction Timelines in Egocentric Video8 Dec 2025
- 2025Radiance Meshes for Volumetric Reconstruction3 Dec 2025
- 2025Evaluating Latent Generative Paradigms for High-Fidelity 3D Shape Completion from a Single Depth Image14 Nov 2025
- 2025Faithful Contouring: Near-Lossless 3D Voxel Representation Free from Iso-surface6 Nov 2025
- 2025UNDREAM: Bridging Differentiable Rendering and Photorealistic Simulation for End-to-end Adversarial Attacks19 Oct 2025
- 2025Stylos: Multi-View 3D Stylization with Single-Forward Gaussian Splatting30 Sep 2025
- 2025Triangle Splatting+: Differentiable Rendering with Opaque Triangles29 Sep 2025
- 2025HierOctFusion: Multi-scale Octree-based 3D Shape Generation via Part-Whole-Hierarchy Message Passing14 Aug 2025
- 2025RayletDF: Raylet Distance Fields for Generalizable 3D Surface Reconstruction from Point Clouds or Gaussians13 Aug 2025
- 2025Physical Adversarial Camouflage through Gradient Calibration and Regularization7 Aug 2025
- 2025ScrewSplat: An End-to-End Method for Articulated Object Recognition4 Aug 2025
- 2025Reconstructing 4D Spatial Intelligence: A Survey28 Jul 2025
- 20253DGAA: Realistic and Robust 3D Gaussian-based Adversarial Attack for Autonomous Driving14 Jul 2025
- 20253D Gaussian Splatting Driven Multi-View Robust Physical Adversarial Camouflage Generation2 Jul 2025
- 2025VolumetricSMPL: A Neural Volumetric Body Model for Efficient Interactions, Contacts, and Collisions29 Jun 2025
- 2025Snap-and-tune: combining deep learning and test-time optimization for high-fidelity cardiovascular volumetric meshing9 Jun 2025
- 2025FreeGave: 3D Physics Learning from Dynamic Videos by Gaussian Velocity9 Jun 2025
- 2025Multi-StyleGS: Stylizing Gaussian Splatting with Multiple Styles7 Jun 2025
- 20254DTAM: Non-Rigid Tracking and Mapping via Dynamic Surface Gaussians28 May 2025
- 2025Thickness-aware E(3)-Equivariant 3D Mesh Neural Networks27 May 2025
- 2025Triangle Splatting for Real-Time Radiance Field Rendering25 May 2025
- 2025Sparfels: Fast Reconstruction from Sparse Unposed Imagery4 May 2025
- 2025SignSplat: Rendering Sign Language via Gaussian Splatting4 May 2025
50 newest of 437 All 437 (JSON)
- 2022Dream3D: Zero-Shot Text-to-3D Synthesis Using 3D Shape Prior and Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 151
- 20233DStyle-Diffusion: Pursuing Fine-grained Text-driven 3D Stylization with 2D Diffusion Modelscited by 17
- 2023Light Field Diffusion for Single-View Novel View Synthesiscited by 3
- 2025HierOctFusion: Multi-scale Octree-based 3D Shape Generation via Part-Whole-Hierarchy Message Passingcited by 3
- 2024ViewFusion: Learning Composable Diffusion Models for Novel View Synthesiscited by 1
- 2025Evaluating Latent Generative Paradigms for High-Fidelity 3D Shape Completion from a Single Depth Imagecited by 1
- 2025Evaluating Latent Generative Paradigms for High-Fidelity 3D Shape Completion from a Single Depth Image14 Nov 2025
- 2025HierOctFusion: Multi-scale Octree-based 3D Shape Generation via Part-Whole-Hierarchy Message Passing14 Aug 2025
- 2024ViewFusion: Learning Composable Diffusion Models for Novel View Synthesis5 Feb 2024
- 20233DStyle-Diffusion: Pursuing Fine-grained Text-driven 3D Stylization with 2D Diffusion Models9 Nov 2023
- 2023Light Field Diffusion for Single-View Novel View Synthesis20 Sep 2023
- 2022Dream3D: Zero-Shot Text-to-3D Synthesis Using 3D Shape Prior and Text-to-Image Diffusion Models28 Dec 2022
- 2021NeuS: Learning Neural Implicit Surfaces by Volume Rendering for Multi-view Reconstructioncited by 1,712
- 2023Objaverse-XL: A Universe of 10M+ 3D Objectscited by 774
- 2021Common Objects in 3D: Large-Scale Learning and Evaluation of Real-life 3D Category Reconstructioncited by 652
- 2022Kubric: A scalable dataset generatorcited by 381
- 2021Advances in Neural Renderingcited by 365
- 2023Splatter Image: Ultra-Fast Single-View 3D Reconstructioncited by 364
- 2021PARE: Part Attention Regressor for 3D Human Body Estimationcited by 337
- 2021Text2Mesh: Text-Driven Neural Stylization for Meshescited by 334
- 2021Light Field Networks: Neural Scene Representations with Single-Evaluation Renderingcited by 332
- 2021Mixture of Volumetric Primitives for Efficient Neural Renderingcited by 277
- 2021HeadNeRF: A Real-time NeRF-based Parametric Head Modelcited by 228
- 2021Scene Representation Transformer: Geometry-Free Novel View Synthesis Through Set-Latent Scene Representationscited by 227
12 most cited of 426 All 426 (JSON)
- 2026Fysiverse-3D-SimReady Technical Report: Agentic Physical Simulation for Pragmatic 3D World Reconstruction21 Sep 2026
- 2026Graph-to-Grid (G2G): Continuous-Coordinate Feature Painting for Soccer Pass Surfaces21 Sep 2026
- 2026CapFrame: Text-Instructed Viewpoint Grounding in 3D Gaussian Scenes via Geometric Pseudo Labels31 Aug 2026
- 2026Elastic Triangle Splatting29 Aug 2026
- 2026ExMesh++: From Multi-View Images to Relightable UV-PBR Mesh Assets via Topology-Adaptive Reconstruction and Decomposition25 Aug 2026
- 2026CubicSplat: Differentiable Vector Graphics via Error-Bounded Forward Relaxation21 Aug 2026
- 2026Deformable Triangle Splatting: Flexible Primitives for Real-Time Radiance Field Rendering24 Jul 2026
- 2026Scene Parameter Saliency via Differentiable Light Transport23 Jul 2026
- 2026Scene-SAM3D: Multi-View Scene Asset Generation Without Fine-Tuning18 Jul 2026
- 2026HeartVolMesh: Cardiac Volumetric Mesh Reconstruction via Covariance-Guided Graph Deformation5 Jul 2026
- 2026OSOG: A Differentiable, Physics-Informed Synthetic Data Engine for Micro-Optical Environments19 Jun 2026
- 2026ExMesh: Explicit Mesh Reconstruction with Topology Adaptation5 Jun 2026
12 newest of 426 All 426 (JSON)