mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

NeRF-SR: High-Quality Neural Radiance Fields using Supersampling

arXiv 2112.01759 ↗First posted 3 Dec 2021cs.CV cs.AI cs.GRcited by 95

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Abstract (arXiv)

We present NeRF-SR, a solution for high-resolution (HR) novel view synthesis with mostly low-resolution (LR) inputs. Our method is built upon Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF) that predicts per-point density and color with a multi-layer perceptron. While producing images at arbitrary scales, NeRF struggles with resolutions that go beyond observed images. Our key insight is that NeRF benefits from 3D consistency, which means an observed pixel absorbs information from nearby views. We first exploit it by a supersampling strategy that shoots multiple rays at each image pixel, which further enforces multi-view constraint at a sub-pixel level. Then, we show that NeRF-SR can further boost the performance of supersampling by a refinement network that leverages the estimated depth at hand to hallucinate details from related patches on only one HR reference image. Experiment results demonstrate that NeRF-SR generates high-quality results for novel view synthesis at HR on both synthetic and real-world datasets without any external information.

Key facts. Cited by 95 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 61 of its 81 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 3 Dec 2021.

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61 of 81 references.

References · 61

  1. 2018The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metriccited by 11,029
  2. 2016Image-to-Image Translation with Conditional Adversarial Networkscited by 4,510
  3. 2019DeepSDF: Learning Continuous Signed Distance Functions for Shape Representationcited by 2,682
  4. 2018Occupancy Networks: Learning 3D Reconstruction in Function Spacecited by 2,037
  5. 2021Mip-NeRF: A Multiscale Representation for Anti-Aliasing Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 1,957
  6. 2016Photo-Realistic Single Image Super-Resolution Using a Generative Adversarial Networkcited by 1,898
  7. 2021SwinIR: Image Restoration Using Swin Transformercited by 1,869
  8. 2020pixelNeRF: Neural Radiance Fields from One or Few Imagescited by 1,574
  9. 2020D-NeRF: Neural Radiance Fields for Dynamic Scenescited by 1,459
  10. 2020NeRF in the Wild: Neural Radiance Fields for Unconstrained Photo Collectionscited by 1,230
  11. 2014Image Super-Resolution Using Deep Convolutional Networkscited by 1,218
  12. 2020Nerfies: Deformable Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 1,194
38 more
  1. 2018Learning Implicit Fields for Generative Shape Modelingcited by 1,060
  2. 2020Neural Sparse Voxel Fieldscited by 959
  3. 2019Scene Representation Networks: Continuous 3D-Structure-Aware Neural Scene Representationscited by 864
  4. 2020NeRF++: Analyzing and Improving Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 857
  5. 2019PIFu: Pixel-Aligned Implicit Function for High-Resolution Clothed Human Digitizationcited by 818
  6. 2020GIRAFFE: Representing Scenes as Compositional Generative Neural Feature Fieldscited by 784
  7. 2020Convolutional Occupancy Networkscited by 760
  8. 2021MVSNeRF: Fast Generalizable Radiance Field Reconstruction from Multi-View Stereocited by 735
  9. 2019Differentiable Volumetric Rendering: Learning Implicit 3D Representations without 3D Supervisioncited by 699
  10. 2020GRAF: Generative Radiance Fields for 3D-Aware Image Synthesiscited by 688
  11. 2019Local Light Field Fusion: Practical View Synthesis with Prescriptive Sampling Guidelinescited by 672
  12. 2021BARF: Bundle-Adjusting Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 641
  13. 2020Learning Continuous Image Representation with Local Implicit Image Functioncited by 550
  14. 2020NeRV: Neural Reflectance and Visibility Fields for Relighting and View Synthesiscited by 493
  15. 2017Neural 3D Mesh Renderercited by 437
  16. 2019Soft Rasterizer: A Differentiable Renderer for Image-based 3D Reasoningcited by 420
  17. 2018DeepVoxels: Learning Persistent 3D Feature Embeddingscited by 401
  18. 2019SynSin: End-to-end View Synthesis from a Single Imagecited by 364
  19. 2020PULSE: Self-Supervised Photo Upsampling via Latent Space Exploration of Generative Modelscited by 358
  20. 2019SinGAN: Learning a Generative Model from a Single Natural Imagecited by 348
  21. 2020Learning Texture Transformer Network for Image Super-Resolutioncited by 346
  22. 2019Neural Point-Based Graphicscited by 326
  23. 2020Single-View View Synthesis with Multiplane Imagescited by 263
  24. 2019Deferred Neural Rendering: Image Synthesis using Neural Texturescited by 253
  25. 2019DeepView: View Synthesis with Learned Gradient Descentcited by 253
  26. 2020Free View Synthesiscited by 231
  27. 2021Learning Object-Compositional Neural Radiance Field for Editable Scene Renderingcited by 228
  28. 2021Editing Conditional Radiance Fieldscited by 222
  29. 2021HyperNeRF: A Higher-Dimensional Representation for Topologically Varying Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 210
  30. 2018Stereo Magnification: Learning View Synthesis using Multiplane Imagescited by 206
  31. 20203D Photography using Context-aware Layered Depth Inpaintingcited by 206
  32. 2020Neural Reflectance Fields for Appearance Acquisitioncited by 196
  33. 2019Pushing the Boundaries of View Extrapolation with Multiplane Imagescited by 191
  34. 2021NerfingMVS: Guided Optimization of Neural Radiance Fields for Indoor Multi-view Stereocited by 191
  35. 2020GRF: Learning a General Radiance Field for 3D Representation and Renderingcited by 183
  36. 2021CodeNeRF: Disentangled Neural Radiance Fields for Object Categoriescited by 183
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  38. 2020Stable View Synthesiscited by 165

50 most cited of 61 All 61 (JSON)

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2022: 6; 2023: 27; 2024: 29; 2025: 22; 2026: 11.

95 papers.

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  1. 2022NeRF: Neural Radiance Field in 3D Vision: A Comprehensive Review (Updated Post-Gaussian Splatting)cited by 156
  2. 2023DreamEditor: Text-Driven 3D Scene Editing with Neural Fieldscited by 154
  3. 20243DGS-Enhancer: Enhancing Unbounded 3D Gaussian Splatting with View-consistent 2D Diffusion Priorscited by 106
  4. 2023SeaThru-NeRF: Neural Radiance Fields in Scattering Mediacited by 75
  5. 2023SKED: Sketch-guided Text-based 3D Editingcited by 72
  6. 2023Instance Neural Radiance Fieldcited by 39
  7. 2023Deceptive-NeRF/3DGS: Diffusion-Generated Pseudo-Observations for High-Quality Sparse-View Reconstructioncited by 39
  8. 20244D Gaussian Splatting with Scale-aware Residual Field and Adaptive Optimization for Real-time Rendering of Temporally Complex Dynamic Scenescited by 37
  9. 2023Aleth-NeRF: Illumination Adaptive NeRF with Concealing Field Assumptioncited by 35
  10. 2022AligNeRF: High-Fidelity Neural Radiance Fields via Alignment-Aware Trainingcited by 31
  11. 2024Mitigating Motion Blur in Neural Radiance Fields with Events and Framescited by 31
  12. 2023NeRFLiX: High-Quality Neural View Synthesis by Learning a Degradation-Driven Inter-viewpoint MiXercited by 29
38 more
  1. 2022StructNeRF: Neural Radiance Fields for Indoor Scenes with Structural Hintscited by 28
  2. 2024SRGS: Super-Resolution 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 26
  3. 2024GS-Hider: Hiding Messages into 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 26
  4. 2024LM-Gaussian: Boost Sparse-view 3D Gaussian Splatting with Large Model Priorscited by 25
  5. 2023Interactive Segment Anything NeRF with Feature Imitationcited by 24
  6. 2025S2Gaussian: Sparse-View Super-Resolution 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 24
  7. 20224K-NeRF: High Fidelity Neural Radiance Fields at Ultra High Resolutionscited by 23
  8. 2023Mirror-NeRF: Learning Neural Radiance Fields for Mirrors with Whitted-Style Ray Tracingcited by 22
  9. 2023IMJENSE: Scan-specific Implicit Representation for Joint Coil Sensitivity and Image Estimation in Parallel MRIcited by 22
  10. 2024DDN-SLAM: Real-time Dense Dynamic Neural Implicit SLAMcited by 22
  11. 2024DiSR-NeRF: Diffusion-Guided View-Consistent Super-Resolution NeRFcited by 22
  12. 2024SuperGaussian: Repurposing Video Models for 3D Super Resolutioncited by 22
  13. 2023Super-NeRF: View-consistent Detail Generation for NeRF super-resolutioncited by 21
  14. 2024GaussianSR: 3D Gaussian Super-Resolution with 2D Diffusion Priorscited by 20
  15. 2024Mirror-3DGS: Incorporating Mirror Reflections into 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 18
  16. 2023LatentEditor: Text Driven Local Editing of 3D Scenescited by 17
  17. 2022SteerNeRF: Accelerating NeRF Rendering via Smooth Viewpoint Trajectorycited by 15
  18. 2023Free-Editor: Zero-shot Text-driven 3D Scene Editingcited by 14
  19. 2023Benchmarking Robustness in Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 13
  20. 2023HumanNeRF-SE: A Simple yet Effective Approach to Animate HumanNeRF with Diverse Posescited by 12
  21. 2023FastSR-NeRF: Improving NeRF Efficiency on Consumer Devices with A Simple Super-Resolution Pipelinecited by 12
  22. 2025Neural Radiance Fields for the Real World: A Surveycited by 12
  23. 2023Digging into Depth Priors for Outdoor Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 11
  24. 2024GenN2N: Generative NeRF2NeRF Translationcited by 11
  25. 2023DehazeNeRF: Multiple Image Haze Removal and 3D Shape Reconstruction using Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 10
  26. 2023Aleth-NeRF: Low-light Condition View Synthesis with Concealing Fieldscited by 9
  27. 2024Mipmap-GS: Let Gaussians Deform with Scale-specific Mipmap for Anti-aliasing Renderingcited by 9
  28. 2024TriNeRFLet: A Wavelet Based Triplane NeRF Representationcited by 8
  29. 2026Unifying Color and Lightness Correction with View-Adaptive Curve Adjustment for Robust 3D Novel View Synthesiscited by 8
  30. 2023HarmonicNeRF: Geometry-Informed Synthetic View Augmentation for 3D Scene Reconstruction in Driving Scenarioscited by 7
  31. 2023TraM-NeRF: Tracing Mirror and Near-Perfect Specular Reflections through Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 7
  32. 2024SpectralGaussians: Semantic, spectral 3D Gaussian splatting for multi-spectral scene representation, visualization and analysiscited by 7
  33. 2025Plenodium: UnderWater 3D Scene Reconstruction with Plenoptic Medium Representationcited by 7
  34. 2022SupeRVol: Super-Resolution Shape and Reflectance Estimation in Inverse Volume Renderingcited by 6
  35. 2023From NeRFLiX to NeRFLiX++: A General NeRF-Agnostic Restorer Paradigmcited by 6
  36. 2024XScale-NVS: Cross-Scale Novel View Synthesis with Hash Featurized Manifoldcited by 6
  37. 2024SpikeGS: 3D Gaussian Splatting from Spike Streams with High-Speed Camera Motioncited by 6
  38. 2025StealthAttack: Robust 3D Gaussian Splatting Poisoning via Density-Guided Illusionscited by 6

50 most cited of 95 All 95 (JSON)