The GENEA Challenge 2022: A large evaluation of data-driven co-speech gesture generation
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Abstract (arXiv)
This paper reports on the second GENEA Challenge to benchmark data-driven automatic co-speech gesture generation. Participating teams used the same speech and motion dataset to build gesture-generation systems. Motion generated by all these systems was rendered to video using a standardised visualisation pipeline and evaluated in several large, crowdsourced user studies. Unlike when comparing different research papers, differences in results are here only due to differences between methods, enabling direct comparison between systems. This year's dataset was based on 18 hours of full-body motion capture, including fingers, of different persons engaging in dyadic conversation. Ten teams participated in the challenge across two tiers: full-body and upper-body gesticulation. For each tier we evaluated both the human-likeness of the gesture motion and its appropriateness for the specific speech signal. Our evaluations decouple human-likeness from gesture appropriateness, which previously was a major challenge in the field. The evaluation results are a revolution, and a revelation. Some synthetic conditions are rated as significantly more human-like than human motion capture. To the best of our knowledge, this has never been shown before on a high-fidelity avatar. On the other hand, all synthetic motion is found to be vastly less appropriate for the speech than the original motion-capture recordings. Additional material is available via the project website at https://youngwoo-yoon.github.io/GENEAchallenge2022/
Key facts. Cited by 40 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 20 of its 68 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 22 Aug 2022.
Builds on
20 of 68 references.
References · 20
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- 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,199
- 2020wav2vec 2.0: A Framework for Self-Supervised Learning of Speech Representationscited by 3,853
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- 2020Gesticulator: A framework for semantically-aware speech-driven gesture generationcited by 84
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- 2021A large, crowdsourced evaluation of gesture generation systems on common data: The GENEA Challenge 2020cited by 38
- 2020Let's Face It: Probabilistic Multi-modal Interlocutor-aware Generation of Facial Gestures in Dyadic Settingscited by 36
- 2021Deep Learning Based Assessment of Synthetic Speech Naturalnesscited by 35
8 more
- 2021A Review of Evaluation Practices of Gesture Generation in Embodied Conversational Agentscited by 24
- 2021Integrated Speech and Gesture Synthesiscited by 16
- 2021Multimodal analysis of the predictability of hand-gesture propertiescited by 14
- 2021HEMVIP: Human Evaluation of Multiple Videos in Parallelcited by 13
- 2021Speech2Properties2Gestures: Gesture-Property Prediction as a Tool for Generating Representational Gestures from Speechcited by 12
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Citing papers per year: 2022: 2; 2023: 18; 2024: 10; 2025: 8; 2026: 2.
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- 2022Listen, Denoise, Action! Audio-Driven Motion Synthesis with Diffusion Modelscited by 188
- 2023GestureDiffuCLIP: Gesture Diffusion Model with CLIP Latentscited by 156
- 2023DiffuseStyleGesture: Stylized Audio-Driven Co-Speech Gesture Generation with Diffusion Modelscited by 85
- 2023A Comprehensive Review of Data-Driven Co-Speech Gesture Generationcited by 66
- 2023QPGesture: Quantization-Based and Phase-Guided Motion Matching for Natural Speech-Driven Gesture Generationcited by 40
- 2023Emotional Speech-driven 3D Body Animation via Disentangled Latent Diffusioncited by 39
- 2024Semantic Gesticulator: Semantics-Aware Co-Speech Gesture Synthesiscited by 39
- 2024Co-Speech Gesture Video Generation via Motion-Decoupled Diffusion Modelcited by 34
- 2024GigaHands: A Massive Annotated Dataset of Bimanual Hand Activitiescited by 32
- 2023Evaluating gesture generation in a large-scale open challenge: The GENEA Challenge 2022cited by 29
- 2023The GENEA Challenge 2023: A large scale evaluation of gesture generation models in monadic and dyadic settingscited by 27
- 2024Retrieving Semantics from the Deep: an RAG Solution for Gesture Synthesiscited by 25
28 more
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- 2023What is the Best Automated Metric for Text to Motion Generation?cited by 19
- 2023Multiple Appropriate Facial Reaction Generation in Dyadic Interaction Settings: What, Why and How?cited by 16
- 2024REACT 2024: the Second Multiple Appropriate Facial Reaction Generation Challengecited by 16
- 2023UnifiedGesture: A Unified Gesture Synthesis Model for Multiple Skeletonscited by 15
- 2023The DiffuseStyleGesture+ entry to the GENEA Challenge 2023cited by 14
- 2024Beyond Talking -- Generating Holistic 3D Human Dyadic Motion for Communicationcited by 14
- 2023Diff-TTSG: Denoising probabilistic integrated speech and gesture synthesiscited by 13
- 2022The ReprGesture entry to the GENEA Challenge 2022cited by 9
- 2023AQ-GT: a Temporally Aligned and Quantized GRU-Transformer for Co-Speech Gesture Synthesiscited by 8
- 2026PersonaGesture: Single-Reference Co-Speech Gesture Personalization for Unseen Speakerscited by 7
- 2023GesGPT: Speech Gesture Synthesis With Text Parsing from ChatGPTcited by 6
- 2023Unified speech and gesture synthesis using flow matchingcited by 6
- 2025HOP: Heterogeneous Topology-based Multimodal Entanglement for Co-Speech Gesture Generationcited by 6
- 2024Fake it to make it: Using synthetic data to remedy the data shortage in joint multimodal speech-and-gesture synthesiscited by 5
- 2024Stereo-Talker: Audio-driven 3D Human Synthesis with Prior-Guided Mixture-of-Expertscited by 4
- 2023MPE4G: Multimodal Pretrained Encoder for Co-Speech Gesture Generationcited by 3
- 2023A Survey on Deep Multi-modal Learning for Body Language Recognition and Generationcited by 3
- 2024Towards a GENEA Leaderboard -- an Extended, Living Benchmark for Evaluating and Advancing Conversational Motion Synthesiscited by 3
- 2025DIDiffGes: Decoupled Semi-Implicit Diffusion Models for Real-time Gesture Generation from Speechcited by 3
- 2025ReactDiff: Latent Diffusion for Facial Reaction Generationcited by 2
- 2025Multimodal Quantitative Measures for Multiparty Behaviour Evaluationcited by 2
- 2025Towards Reliable Human Evaluations in Gesture Generation: Insights from a Community-Driven State-of-the-Art Benchmarkcited by 1
- 2024Integrating Representational Gestures into Automatically Generated Embodied Explanations and its Effects on Understanding and Interaction Qualitycited by 0
- 2025Inter-Diffusion Generation Model of Speakers and Listeners for Effective Communicationcited by 0
- 2025A conversational gesture synthesis system based on emotions and semanticscited by 0
- 2025A Survey of Body and Face Motion: Datasets, Performance Evaluation Metrics and Generative Techniquescited by 0
- 2026REACT 2026: The Fourth Multiple Appropriate Facial Reaction Generation Challenge: Personalised MAFRG and Appropriate EEG Reaction Predictioncited by 0
- 2026REACT 2026: The Fourth Multiple Appropriate Facial Reaction Generation Challenge: Personalised MAFRG and Appropriate EEG Reaction Prediction6 Jun 2026
- 2026PersonaGesture: Single-Reference Co-Speech Gesture Personalization for Unseen Speakers7 May 2026
- 2025A Survey of Body and Face Motion: Datasets, Performance Evaluation Metrics and Generative Techniques9 Dec 2025
- 2025Towards Reliable Human Evaluations in Gesture Generation: Insights from a Community-Driven State-of-the-Art Benchmark3 Nov 2025
- 2025Multimodal Quantitative Measures for Multiparty Behaviour Evaluation1 Aug 2025
- 2025A conversational gesture synthesis system based on emotions and semantics3 Jul 2025
- 2025ReactDiff: Latent Diffusion for Facial Reaction Generation20 May 2025
- 2025Inter-Diffusion Generation Model of Speakers and Listeners for Effective Communication8 May 2025
- 2025DIDiffGes: Decoupled Semi-Implicit Diffusion Models for Real-time Gesture Generation from Speech21 Mar 2025
- 2025HOP: Heterogeneous Topology-based Multimodal Entanglement for Co-Speech Gesture Generation3 Mar 2025
- 2024Retrieving Semantics from the Deep: an RAG Solution for Gesture Synthesis9 Dec 2024
- 2024GigaHands: A Massive Annotated Dataset of Bimanual Hand Activities5 Dec 2024
28 more
- 2024Stereo-Talker: Audio-driven 3D Human Synthesis with Prior-Guided Mixture-of-Experts31 Oct 2024
- 2024Towards a GENEA Leaderboard -- an Extended, Living Benchmark for Evaluating and Advancing Conversational Motion Synthesis8 Oct 2024
- 2024Integrating Representational Gestures into Automatically Generated Embodied Explanations and its Effects on Understanding and Interaction Quality18 Jun 2024
- 2024Semantic Gesticulator: Semantics-Aware Co-Speech Gesture Synthesis16 May 2024
- 2024Fake it to make it: Using synthetic data to remedy the data shortage in joint multimodal speech-and-gesture synthesis30 Apr 2024
- 2024Co-Speech Gesture Video Generation via Motion-Decoupled Diffusion Model2 Apr 2024
- 2024Beyond Talking -- Generating Holistic 3D Human Dyadic Motion for Communication28 Mar 2024
- 2024REACT 2024: the Second Multiple Appropriate Facial Reaction Generation Challenge10 Jan 2024
- 2023Emotional Speech-driven 3D Body Animation via Disentangled Latent Diffusion7 Dec 2023
- 2023Unified speech and gesture synthesis using flow matching8 Oct 2023
- 2023What is the Best Automated Metric for Text to Motion Generation?19 Sep 2023
- 2023UnifiedGesture: A Unified Gesture Synthesis Model for Multiple Skeletons13 Sep 2023
- 2023The DiffuseStyleGesture+ entry to the GENEA Challenge 202326 Aug 2023
- 2023The GENEA Challenge 2023: A large scale evaluation of gesture generation models in monadic and dyadic settings24 Aug 2023
- 2023A Survey on Deep Multi-modal Learning for Body Language Recognition and Generation17 Aug 2023
- 2023Diff-TTSG: Denoising probabilistic integrated speech and gesture synthesis15 Jun 2023
- 2023MPE4G: Multimodal Pretrained Encoder for Co-Speech Gesture Generation25 May 2023
- 2023QPGesture: Quantization-Based and Phase-Guided Motion Matching for Natural Speech-Driven Gesture Generation18 May 2023
- 2023DiffuseStyleGesture: Stylized Audio-Driven Co-Speech Gesture Generation with Diffusion Models8 May 2023
- 2023AQ-GT: a Temporally Aligned and Quantized GRU-Transformer for Co-Speech Gesture Synthesis2 May 2023
- 2023GestureDiffuCLIP: Gesture Diffusion Model with CLIP Latents26 Mar 2023
- 2023GesGPT: Speech Gesture Synthesis With Text Parsing from ChatGPT23 Mar 2023
- 2023Evaluating gesture generation in a large-scale open challenge: The GENEA Challenge 202215 Mar 2023
- 2023Multiple Appropriate Facial Reaction Generation in Dyadic Interaction Settings: What, Why and How?13 Feb 2023
- 2023DiffMotion: Speech-Driven Gesture Synthesis Using Denoising Diffusion Model24 Jan 2023
- 2023A Comprehensive Review of Data-Driven Co-Speech Gesture Generation13 Jan 2023
- 2022Listen, Denoise, Action! Audio-Driven Motion Synthesis with Diffusion Models17 Nov 2022
- 2022The ReprGesture entry to the GENEA Challenge 202225 Aug 2022
- 2022Listen, Denoise, Action! Audio-Driven Motion Synthesis with Diffusion Modelscited by 188
- 2023GestureDiffuCLIP: Gesture Diffusion Model with CLIP Latentscited by 156
- 2023DiffuseStyleGesture: Stylized Audio-Driven Co-Speech Gesture Generation with Diffusion Modelscited by 85
- 2023Emotional Speech-driven 3D Body Animation via Disentangled Latent Diffusioncited by 39
- 2024Co-Speech Gesture Video Generation via Motion-Decoupled Diffusion Modelcited by 34
- 2023DiffMotion: Speech-Driven Gesture Synthesis Using Denoising Diffusion Modelcited by 22
- 2023UnifiedGesture: A Unified Gesture Synthesis Model for Multiple Skeletonscited by 15
- 2023The DiffuseStyleGesture+ entry to the GENEA Challenge 2023cited by 14
- 2023Unified speech and gesture synthesis using flow matchingcited by 6
- 2025DIDiffGes: Decoupled Semi-Implicit Diffusion Models for Real-time Gesture Generation from Speechcited by 3
- 2025ReactDiff: Latent Diffusion for Facial Reaction Generationcited by 2
- 2025ReactDiff: Latent Diffusion for Facial Reaction Generation20 May 2025
- 2025DIDiffGes: Decoupled Semi-Implicit Diffusion Models for Real-time Gesture Generation from Speech21 Mar 2025
- 2024Co-Speech Gesture Video Generation via Motion-Decoupled Diffusion Model2 Apr 2024
- 2023Emotional Speech-driven 3D Body Animation via Disentangled Latent Diffusion7 Dec 2023
- 2023Unified speech and gesture synthesis using flow matching8 Oct 2023
- 2023UnifiedGesture: A Unified Gesture Synthesis Model for Multiple Skeletons13 Sep 2023
- 2023The DiffuseStyleGesture+ entry to the GENEA Challenge 202326 Aug 2023
- 2023DiffuseStyleGesture: Stylized Audio-Driven Co-Speech Gesture Generation with Diffusion Models8 May 2023
- 2023GestureDiffuCLIP: Gesture Diffusion Model with CLIP Latents26 Mar 2023
- 2023DiffMotion: Speech-Driven Gesture Synthesis Using Denoising Diffusion Model24 Jan 2023
- 2022Listen, Denoise, Action! Audio-Driven Motion Synthesis with Diffusion Models17 Nov 2022
- 2023A Comprehensive Review of Data-Driven Co-Speech Gesture Generationcited by 66
- 2023QPGesture: Quantization-Based and Phase-Guided Motion Matching for Natural Speech-Driven Gesture Generationcited by 40
- 2024Semantic Gesticulator: Semantics-Aware Co-Speech Gesture Synthesiscited by 39
- 2024GigaHands: A Massive Annotated Dataset of Bimanual Hand Activitiescited by 32
- 2023Evaluating gesture generation in a large-scale open challenge: The GENEA Challenge 2022cited by 29
- 2023The GENEA Challenge 2023: A large scale evaluation of gesture generation models in monadic and dyadic settingscited by 27
- 2024Retrieving Semantics from the Deep: an RAG Solution for Gesture Synthesiscited by 25
- 2023What is the Best Automated Metric for Text to Motion Generation?cited by 19
- 2023Multiple Appropriate Facial Reaction Generation in Dyadic Interaction Settings: What, Why and How?cited by 16
- 2024REACT 2024: the Second Multiple Appropriate Facial Reaction Generation Challengecited by 16
- 2024Beyond Talking -- Generating Holistic 3D Human Dyadic Motion for Communicationcited by 14
- 2023Diff-TTSG: Denoising probabilistic integrated speech and gesture synthesiscited by 13
12 most cited of 28 All 28 (JSON)
- 2026REACT 2026: The Fourth Multiple Appropriate Facial Reaction Generation Challenge: Personalised MAFRG and Appropriate EEG Reaction Prediction6 Jun 2026
- 2026PersonaGesture: Single-Reference Co-Speech Gesture Personalization for Unseen Speakers7 May 2026
- 2025A Survey of Body and Face Motion: Datasets, Performance Evaluation Metrics and Generative Techniques9 Dec 2025
- 2025Towards Reliable Human Evaluations in Gesture Generation: Insights from a Community-Driven State-of-the-Art Benchmark3 Nov 2025
- 2025Multimodal Quantitative Measures for Multiparty Behaviour Evaluation1 Aug 2025
- 2025A conversational gesture synthesis system based on emotions and semantics3 Jul 2025
- 2025Inter-Diffusion Generation Model of Speakers and Listeners for Effective Communication8 May 2025
- 2025HOP: Heterogeneous Topology-based Multimodal Entanglement for Co-Speech Gesture Generation3 Mar 2025
- 2024Retrieving Semantics from the Deep: an RAG Solution for Gesture Synthesis9 Dec 2024
- 2024GigaHands: A Massive Annotated Dataset of Bimanual Hand Activities5 Dec 2024
- 2024Towards a GENEA Leaderboard -- an Extended, Living Benchmark for Evaluating and Advancing Conversational Motion Synthesis8 Oct 2024
- 2024Integrating Representational Gestures into Automatically Generated Embodied Explanations and its Effects on Understanding and Interaction Quality18 Jun 2024
12 newest of 28 All 28 (JSON)