mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

TextOp: Real-time Interactive Text-Driven Humanoid Robot Motion Generation and Control

arXiv 2602.07439 ↗First posted 7 Feb 2026cs.RO cs.AIcited by 14

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Abstract (arXiv)

Recent advances in humanoid whole-body motion tracking have enabled the execution of diverse and highly coordinated motions on real hardware. However, existing controllers are commonly driven either by predefined motion trajectories, which offer limited flexibility when user intent changes, or by continuous human teleoperation, which requires constant human involvement and limits autonomy. This work addresses the problem of how to drive a universal humanoid controller in a real-time and interactive manner. We present TextOp, a real-time text-driven humanoid motion generation and control framework that supports streaming language commands and on-the-fly instruction modification during execution. TextOp adopts a two-level architecture in which a high-level autoregressive motion diffusion model continuously generates short-horizon kinematic trajectories conditioned on the current text input, while a low-level motion tracking policy executes these trajectories on a physical humanoid robot. By bridging interactive motion generation with robust whole-body control, TextOp unlocks free-form intent expression and enables smooth transitions across multiple challenging behaviors such as dancing and jumping, within a single continuous motion execution. Extensive real-robot experiments and offline evaluations demonstrate instant responsiveness, smooth whole-body motion, and precise control. The project page and the open-source code are available at https://text-op.github.io/

Key facts. Cited by 14 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 64 of its 73 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 7 Feb 2026.

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64 of 73 references.

References · 64

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  10. 2021BABEL: Bodies, Action and Behavior with English Labelscited by 261
  11. 2023Perpetual Humanoid Control for Real-time Simulated Avatarscited by 198
  12. 2023TMR: Text-to-Motion Retrieval Using Contrastive 3D Human Motion Synthesiscited by 194
38 more
  1. 2024OmniH2O: Universal and Dexterous Human-to-Humanoid Whole-Body Teleoperation and Learningcited by 167
  2. 2025BeyondMimic: From Motion Tracking to Versatile Humanoid Control via Guided Diffusioncited by 128
  3. 2024World-Grounded Human Motion Recovery via Gravity-View Coordinatescited by 127
  4. 2024Learning Human-to-Humanoid Real-Time Whole-Body Teleoperationcited by 112
  5. 2023Learning Agile Soccer Skills for a Bipedal Robot with Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 111
  6. 2025TWIST: Teleoperated Whole-Body Imitation Systemcited by 86
  7. 2025SONIC: Supersizing Motion Tracking for Natural Humanoid Whole-Body Controlcited by 83
  8. 2025MotionStreamer: Streaming Motion Generation via Diffusion-based Autoregressive Model in Causal Latent Spacecited by 82
  9. 2024DartControl: A Diffusion-Based Autoregressive Motion Model for Real-Time Text-Driven Motion Controlcited by 80
  10. 2025GMT: General Motion Tracking for Humanoid Whole-Body Controlcited by 72
  11. 2025PromptHMR: Promptable Human Mesh Recoverycited by 70
  12. 2025HOMIE: Humanoid Loco-Manipulation with Isomorphic Exoskeleton Cockpitcited by 65
  13. 2025Retargeting Matters: General Motion Retargeting for Humanoid Motion Trackingcited by 60
  14. 2024MotionGPT-2: A General-Purpose Motion-Language Model for Motion Generation and Understandingcited by 58
  15. 2025Visual Imitation Enables Contextual Humanoid Controlcited by 57
  16. 2025OmniRetarget: Interaction-Preserving Data Generation for Humanoid Whole-Body Loco-Manipulation and Scene Interactioncited by 57
  17. 2024Taming Diffusion Probabilistic Models for Character Controlcited by 56
  18. 2023Interactive Character Control with Auto-Regressive Motion Diffusion Modelscited by 52
  19. 2025NavDP: Learning Sim-to-Real Navigation Diffusion Policy with Privileged Information Guidancecited by 46
  20. 2025SnapMoGen: Human Motion Generation from Expressive Textscited by 44
  21. 2024Mobile-TeleVision: Predictive Motion Priors for Humanoid Whole-Body Controlcited by 41
  22. 2025LeVERB: Humanoid Whole-Body Control with Latent Vision-Language Instructioncited by 40
  23. 2025KungfuBot: Physics-Based Humanoid Whole-Body Control for Learning Highly-Dynamic Skillscited by 39
  24. 2025TWIST2: Scalable, Portable, and Holistic Humanoid Data Collection Systemcited by 39
  25. 2025MotionGPT3: Human Motion as a Second Modalitycited by 36
  26. 2024Humanoid-Gym: Reinforcement Learning for Humanoid Robot with Zero-Shot Sim2Real Transfercited by 35
  27. 2025Learning Humanoid Standing-up Control across Diverse Posturescited by 34
  28. 2025UniTracker: Learning Universal Whole-Body Motion Tracker for Humanoid Robotscited by 34
  29. 2025BFM-Zero: A Promptable Behavioral Foundation Model for Humanoid Control Using Unsupervised Reinforcement Learningcited by 33
  30. 2024ACE: A Cross-Platform Visual-Exoskeletons System for Low-Cost Dexterous Teleoperationcited by 32
  31. 2025Track Any Motions under Any Disturbancescited by 32
  32. 2025HITTER: A HumanoId Table TEnnis Robot via Hierarchical Planning and Learningcited by 29
  33. 2025GaussGym: An open-source real-to-sim framework for learning locomotion from pixelscited by 22
  34. 2025Learning Getting-Up Policies for Real-World Humanoid Robotscited by 21
  35. 2025VIRAL: Visual Sim-to-Real at Scale for Humanoid Loco-Manipulationcited by 21
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  37. 2025From Language to Locomotion: Retargeting-free Humanoid Control via Motion Latent Guidancecited by 17
  38. 2025FloodDiffusion: Tailored Diffusion Forcing for Streaming Motion Generationcited by 14

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  1. 2026ADAPT: Agile Diffusion Action Priors for Robust and Steerable Online Text-Driven Humanoid Control ↗
  2. 2025Free-T2M: Robust Text-to-Motion Generation for Humanoid Robots via Frequency-Domain
  3. 2026FRoM-W1: Towards General Humanoid Whole-Body Control with Language Instructions
  4. 2025SimGenHOI: Physically Realistic Whole-Body Humanoid-Object Interaction via Generative Modeling and Reinforcement Learning
  5. 2026TEXEDO : Test Time Scaling for Controller-aware Language-conditioned Humanoid Motion Generation
  6. 2024Expressive Whole-Body Control for Humanoid Robots
  7. 2026ZeroWBC: Learning Natural Whole-Body Humanoid Interaction from Human Egocentric Data
  8. 2025Commanding Humanoid by Free-form Language: A Large Language Action Model with Unified Motion Vocabulary