mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

MotionGPT-2: A General-Purpose Motion-Language Model for Motion Generation and Understanding

arXiv 2410.21747 ↗First posted 29 Oct 2024cs.CVcited by 58

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Abstract (arXiv)

Generating lifelike human motions from descriptive texts has experienced remarkable research focus in the recent years, propelled by the emerging requirements of digital humans.Despite impressive advances, existing approaches are often constrained by limited control modalities, task specificity, and focus solely on body motion representations.In this paper, we present MotionGPT-2, a unified Large Motion-Language Model (LMLM) that addresses these limitations. MotionGPT-2 accommodates multiple motion-relevant tasks and supporting multimodal control conditions through pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs). It quantizes multimodal inputs-such as text and single-frame poses-into discrete, LLM-interpretable tokens, seamlessly integrating them into the LLM's vocabulary. These tokens are then organized into unified prompts, guiding the LLM to generate motion outputs through a pretraining-then-finetuning paradigm. We also show that the proposed MotionGPT-2 is highly adaptable to the challenging 3D holistic motion generation task, enabled by the innovative motion discretization framework, Part-Aware VQVAE, which ensures fine-grained representations of body and hand movements. Extensive experiments and visualizations validate the effectiveness of our method, demonstrating the adaptability of MotionGPT-2 across motion generation, motion captioning, and generalized motion completion tasks.

Key facts. Cited by 58 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 65 of its 97 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 29 Oct 2024.

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65 of 97 references.

References · 65

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38 more
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  17. 2023T2M-GPT: Generating Human Motion from Textual Descriptions with Discrete Representationscited by 577
  18. 2022Executing your Commands via Motion Diffusion in Latent Spacecited by 567
  19. 2023MotionGPT: Human Motion as a Foreign Languagecited by 521
  20. 2021Action-Conditioned 3D Human Motion Synthesis with Transformer VAEcited by 497
  21. 2022TEMOS: Generating diverse human motions from textual descriptionscited by 486
  22. 2021AI Choreographer: Music Conditioned 3D Dance Generation with AIST++cited by 479
  23. 2020Action2Motion: Conditioned Generation of 3D Human Motionscited by 438
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  25. 2023MoMask: Generative Masked Modeling of 3D Human Motionscited by 388
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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 4; 2025: 27; 2026: 27.

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  1. 2025Being-H0: Vision-Language-Action Pretraining from Large-Scale Human Videoscited by 94
  2. 2024The Language of Motion: Unifying Verbal and Non-verbal Language of 3D Human Motioncited by 46
  3. 2025Motion Anything: Any to Motion Generationcited by 40
  4. 2025MotionGPT3: Human Motion as a Second Modalitycited by 36
  5. 2025HOIGPT: Learning Long Sequence Hand-Object Interaction with Language Modelscited by 32
  6. 2025MotionLab: Unified Human Motion Generation and Editing via the Motion-Condition-Motion Paradigmcited by 30
  7. 2025PresentAgent: Multimodal Agent for Presentation Video Generationcited by 20
  8. 2024DisCoRD: Discrete Tokens to Continuous Motion via Rectified Flow Decodingcited by 17
  9. 2026TextOp: Real-time Interactive Text-Driven Humanoid Robot Motion Generation and Controlcited by 14
  10. 2025Human-Centric Foundation Models: Perception, Generation and Agentic Modelingcited by 10
  11. 2025RL from Physical Feedback: Aligning Large Motion Models with Humanoid Controlcited by 10
  12. 2026LLaMo: Scaling Pretrained Language Models for Unified Motion Understanding and Generation with Continuous Autoregressive Tokenscited by 10
38 more
  1. 2025Being-M0.5: A Real-Time Controllable Vision-Language-Motion Modelcited by 9
  2. 2024AToM: Aligning Text-to-Motion Model at Event-Level with GPT-4Vision Rewardcited by 7
  3. 2025ViBES: A Conversational Agent with Behaviorally-Intelligent 3D Virtual Bodycited by 6
  4. 2025GenM3: Generative Pretrained Multi-path Motion Model for Text Conditional Human Motion Generationcited by 5
  5. 2026Heracles: Bridging Precise Tracking and Generative Synthesis for General Humanoid Controlcited by 5
  6. 2025Mojito: LLM-Aided Motion Instructor with Jitter-Reduced Inertial Tokenscited by 4
  7. 2025VimoRAG: Video-based Retrieval-augmented 3D Motion Generation for Motion Language Modelscited by 4
  8. 2025CoachMe: Decoding Sport Elements with a Reference-Based Coaching Instruction Generation Modelcited by 4
  9. 2025HMVLM: Human Motion-Vision-Lanuage Model via MoE LoRAcited by 4
  10. 2025IRG-MotionLLM: Interleaving Motion Generation, Assessment and Refinement for Text-to-Motion Generationcited by 4
  11. 2026Next-Scale Autoregressive Models for Text-to-Motion Generationcited by 4
  12. 2026SCRIPT: Scalable Diffusion Policy with Multi-stage Training for Language-driven Physics-Based Humanoid Controlcited by 4
  13. 2025X-MoGen: Unified Motion Generation across Humans and Animalscited by 3
  14. 2026UniMo: Unified Motion Generation and Understanding with Chain of Thoughtcited by 3
  15. 2026Bridging Semantic and Kinematic Conditions with Diffusion-based Discrete Motion Tokenizercited by 3
  16. 2024Fleximo: Towards Flexible Text-to-Human Motion Video Generationcited by 2
  17. 2025Unlocking Pretrained LLMs for Motion-Related Multimodal Generation: A Fine-Tuning Approach to Unify Diffusion and Next-Token Predictioncited by 2
  18. 2025MTVCraft: Tokenizing 4D Motion for Arbitrary Character Animationcited by 2
  19. 2025PlanMoGPT: Flow-Enhanced Progressive Planning for Text to Motion Synthesiscited by 2
  20. 2025Dense Motion Captioningcited by 2
  21. 2026PRISM: Streaming Human Motion Generation with Per-Joint Latent Decompositioncited by 2
  22. 2026M3T: Discrete Multi-Modal Motion Tokens for Sign Language Productioncited by 2
  23. 2025Multimodal Generative AI with Autoregressive LLMs for Human Motion Understanding and Generation: A Way Forwardcited by 1
  24. 2025How do Foundation Models Compare to Skeleton-Based Approaches for Gesture Recognition in Human-Robot Interaction?cited by 1
  25. 2025Large Sign Language Models: Toward 3D American Sign Language Translationcited by 1
  26. 2026Iterative Closed-Loop Motion Synthesis for Scaling the Capabilities of Humanoid Controlcited by 1
  27. 2026ExpertEdit: Learning Skill-Aware Motion Editing from Expert Videoscited by 1
  28. 2026Beyond MoCap: Scaling Motion Tokenizers with Synthetic Human Motion for Generative Modelingcited by 1
  29. 2026DriveMotion: A Large-Scale Multi-Source Benchmark for Driver Motion Sequence Modeling and Forecastingcited by 1
  30. 2025BiomechGPT: Extending Motion-Language Models to Clinical Motion Understandingcited by 0
  31. 2025MoGIC: Boosting Motion Generation via Intention Understanding and Visual Contextcited by 0
  32. 2025A Survey of Body and Face Motion: Datasets, Performance Evaluation Metrics and Generative Techniquescited by 0
  33. 2026GeoMotionGPT: Geometry-Aligned Motion Understanding with Large Language Modelscited by 0
  34. 2026MoRL: Reinforced Reasoning for Unified Motion Understanding and Generationcited by 0
  35. 2026Encoder-Free Human Motion Understanding via Structured Motion Descriptionscited by 0
  36. 2026MyoSem: Aligning Electromyography to Natural-Language Action Semantics for Hand Action Understandingcited by 0
  37. 2026Fine-grained Human Motion Understanding with Language Modelscited by 0
  38. 2026Social Structure Matters in 3D Human-Human Interaction Generationcited by 0

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