OpenRooms: An End-to-End Open Framework for Photorealistic Indoor Scene Datasets
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Abstract (arXiv)
We propose a novel framework for creating large-scale photorealistic datasets of indoor scenes, with ground truth geometry, material, lighting and semantics. Our goal is to make the dataset creation process widely accessible, transforming scans into photorealistic datasets with high-quality ground truth for appearance, layout, semantic labels, high quality spatially-varying BRDF and complex lighting, including direct, indirect and visibility components. This enables important applications in inverse rendering, scene understanding and robotics. We show that deep networks trained on the proposed dataset achieve competitive performance for shape, material and lighting estimation on real images, enabling photorealistic augmented reality applications, such as object insertion and material editing. We also show our semantic labels may be used for segmentation and multi-task learning. Finally, we demonstrate that our framework may also be integrated with physics engines, to create virtual robotics environments with unique ground truth such as friction coefficients and correspondence to real scenes. The dataset and all the tools to create such datasets will be made publicly available.
Key facts. Cited by 73 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 25 Jul 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 4; 2022: 14; 2023: 16; 2024: 19; 2025: 11; 2026: 9.
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- 2021Habitat 2.0: Training Home Assistants to Rearrange their Habitatcited by 501
- 2022ProcTHOR: Large-Scale Embodied AI Using Procedural Generationcited by 369
- 2024RGBleftrightarrowX: Image decomposition and synthesis using material- and lighting-aware diffusion modelscited by 159
- 2023Infinite Photorealistic Worlds using Procedural Generationcited by 142
- 2024Infinigen Indoors: Photorealistic Indoor Scenes using Procedural Generationcited by 129
- 2024URDFormer: A Pipeline for Constructing Articulated Simulation Environments from Real-World Imagescited by 106
- 2021Learning Indoor Inverse Rendering with 3D Spatially-Varying Lightingcited by 82
- 2022Learning-based Inverse Rendering of Complex Indoor Scenes with Differentiable Monte Carlo Raytracingcited by 78
- 2022Learning to Relight Portrait Images via a Virtual Light Stage and Synthetic-to-Real Adaptationcited by 67
- 2022IRISformer: Dense Vision Transformers for Single-Image Inverse Rendering in Indoor Scenescited by 62
- 2024MegaScenes: Scene-Level View Synthesis at Scalecited by 58
- 2025DiffusionRenderer: Neural Inverse and Forward Rendering with Video Diffusion Modelscited by 55
38 more
- 2023Intrinsic Image Decomposition via Ordinal Shadingcited by 53
- 2023Stanford-ORB: A Real-World 3D Object Inverse Rendering Benchmarkcited by 51
- 2025AutoEval: Autonomous Evaluation of Generalist Robot Manipulation Policies in the Real Worldcited by 46
- 2023SAMPro3D: Locating SAM Prompts in 3D for Zero-Shot Instance Segmentationcited by 44
- 2024MatSynth: A Modern PBR Materials Datasetcited by 42
- 2023SceneHGN: Hierarchical Graph Networks for 3D Indoor Scene Generation with Fine-Grained Geometrycited by 38
- 2024A survey of synthetic data augmentation methods in computer visioncited by 34
- 2022Multi-view Inverse Rendering for Large-scale Real-world Indoor Scenescited by 23
- 2022PhotoScene: Photorealistic Material and Lighting Transfer for Indoor Scenescited by 22
- 2025LiteReality: Graphics-Ready 3D Scene Reconstruction from RGB-D Scanscited by 21
- 20233DCoMPaT++: An improved Large-scale 3D Vision Dataset for Compositional Recognitioncited by 20
- 2024IRIS: Inverse Rendering of Indoor Scenes from Low Dynamic Range Imagescited by 19
- 2022Estimating Reflectance Layer from A Single Image: Integrating Reflectance Guidance and Shadow/Specular Aware Learningcited by 18
- 2025IntrinsiX: High-Quality PBR Generation using Image Priorscited by 18
- 2025InternScenes: A Large-scale Simulatable Indoor Scene Dataset with Realistic Layoutscited by 18
- 2024Latent Intrinsics Emerge from Training to Relightcited by 17
- 2023Measured Albedo in the Wild: Filling the Gap in Intrinsics Evaluationcited by 16
- 2024ReALFRED: An Embodied Instruction Following Benchmark in Photo-Realistic Environmentscited by 16
- 2024ZeroComp: Zero-shot Object Compositing from Image Intrinsics via Diffusioncited by 16
- 2025Ouroboros: Single-step Diffusion Models for Cycle-consistent Forward and Inverse Renderingcited by 16
- 2022PSP-HDRI+: A Synthetic Dataset Generator for Pre-Training of Human-Centric Computer Vision Modelscited by 15
- 2022DODA: Data-oriented Sim-to-Real Domain Adaptation for 3D Semantic Segmentationcited by 13
- 2023MAIR: Multi-view Attention Inverse Rendering with 3D Spatially-Varying Lighting Estimationcited by 12
- 2023Spatiotemporally Consistent HDR Indoor Lighting Estimationcited by 12
- 2021PeopleSansPeople: A Synthetic Data Generator for Human-Centric Computer Visioncited by 11
- 2024DRED: Zero-Shot Transfer in Reinforcement Learning via Data-Regularised Environment Designcited by 11
- 2022TO-Scene: A Large-scale Dataset for Understanding 3D Tabletop Scenescited by 10
- 2024FurniScene: A Large-scale 3D Room Dataset with Intricate Furnishing Scenescited by 10
- 2025Materialist: Physically Based Editing Using Single-Image Inverse Renderingcited by 10
- 20263D-Fixer: Coarse-to-Fine In-place Completion for 3D Scenes from a Single Imagecited by 9
- 2023Few-shot Neural Radiance Fields Under Unconstrained Illuminationcited by 8
- 2026Generative World Renderercited by 8
- 2023SSR-2D: Semantic 3D Scene Reconstruction from 2D Imagescited by 7
- 2024Retinex-Diffusion: On Controlling Illumination Conditions in Diffusion Models via Retinex Theorycited by 7
- 2025Intrinsic Image Fusion for Multi-View 3D Material Reconstructioncited by 7
- 2023Estimating Generic 3D Room Structures from 2D Annotationscited by 6
- 2024RaSim: A Range-aware High-fidelity RGB-D Data Simulation Pipeline for Real-world Applicationscited by 5
- 2024Leveraging Self-Supervised Learning for Scene Classification in Child Sexual Abuse Imagerycited by 4
50 most cited of 73 All 73 (JSON)
- 2026Do Image Editing Models Understand Lighting?25 Jun 2026
- 2026PIXLRelight: Controllable Relighting via Intrinsic Conditioning18 May 2026
- 2026PhysEditBench: A Protocol-Conditioned Benchmark for Dense Physical-Map Prediction with Image Editors13 May 2026
- 2026WildRelight: A Real-World Benchmark and Physics-Guided Adaptation for Single-Image Relighting12 May 2026
- 20263D-Fixer: Coarse-to-Fine In-place Completion for 3D Scenes from a Single Image6 Apr 2026
- 2026Generative World Renderer2 Apr 2026
- 2026ICTPolarReal: A Polarized Reflection and Material Dataset of Real World Objects26 Mar 2026
- 2026Geo-ID: Test-Time Geometric Consensus for Cross-View Consistent Intrinsics14 Mar 2026
- 2026PARSE: Part-Aware Relational Spatial Modeling8 Mar 2026
- 2025Intrinsic Image Fusion for Multi-View 3D Material Reconstruction15 Dec 2025
- 2025InternScenes: A Large-scale Simulatable Indoor Scene Dataset with Realistic Layouts13 Sep 2025
- 2025VT-Intrinsic: Physics-Based Decomposition of Reflectance and Shading using a Single Visible-Thermal Image Pair12 Sep 2025
38 more
- 2025Ouroboros: Single-step Diffusion Models for Cycle-consistent Forward and Inverse Rendering20 Aug 2025
- 2025LiteReality: Graphics-Ready 3D Scene Reconstruction from RGB-D Scans3 Jul 2025
- 2025The Less You Depend, The More You Learn: Synthesizing Novel Views from Sparse, Unposed Images with Minimal 3D Knowledge11 Jun 2025
- 2025IntrinsiX: High-Quality PBR Generation using Image Priors1 Apr 2025
- 2025AutoEval: Autonomous Evaluation of Generalist Robot Manipulation Policies in the Real World31 Mar 2025
- 2025Channel-wise Noise Scheduled Diffusion for Inverse Rendering in Indoor Scenes13 Mar 2025
- 2025DiffusionRenderer: Neural Inverse and Forward Rendering with Video Diffusion Models30 Jan 2025
- 2025Materialist: Physically Based Editing Using Single-Image Inverse Rendering7 Jan 2025
- 2024ZeroComp: Zero-shot Object Compositing from Image Intrinsics via Diffusion10 Oct 2024
- 2024MAIR++: Improving Multi-view Attention Inverse Rendering with Implicit Lighting Representation13 Aug 2024
- 2024Retinex-Diffusion: On Controlling Illumination Conditions in Diffusion Models via Retinex Theory29 Jul 2024
- 2024ReALFRED: An Embodied Instruction Following Benchmark in Photo-Realistic Environments26 Jul 2024
- 2024Infinigen Indoors: Photorealistic Indoor Scenes using Procedural Generation17 Jun 2024
- 2024MegaScenes: Scene-Level View Synthesis at Scale17 Jun 2024
- 2024Scale-Invariant Monocular Depth Estimation via SSI Depth13 Jun 2024
- 2024Latent Intrinsics Emerge from Training to Relight31 May 2024
- 2024URDFormer: A Pipeline for Constructing Articulated Simulation Environments from Real-World Images19 May 2024
- 2024RGBleftrightarrowX: Image decomposition and synthesis using material- and lighting-aware diffusion models1 May 2024
- 2024RaSim: A Range-aware High-fidelity RGB-D Data Simulation Pipeline for Real-world Applications5 Apr 2024
- 2024LightOctree: Lightweight 3D Spatially-Coherent Indoor Lighting Estimation5 Apr 2024
- 2024A survey of synthetic data augmentation methods in computer vision15 Mar 2024
- 2024Leveraging Self-Supervised Learning for Scene Classification in Child Sexual Abuse Imagery2 Mar 2024
- 2024Language-Based Augmentation to Address Shortcut Learning in Object Goal Navigation7 Feb 2024
- 2024DRED: Zero-Shot Transfer in Reinforcement Learning via Data-Regularised Environment Design5 Feb 2024
- 2024IRIS: Inverse Rendering of Indoor Scenes from Low Dynamic Range Images23 Jan 2024
- 2024MatSynth: A Modern PBR Materials Dataset11 Jan 2024
- 2024FurniScene: A Large-scale 3D Room Dataset with Intricate Furnishing Scenes7 Jan 2024
- 2023Seg2Reg: Differentiable 2D Segmentation to 1D Regression Rendering for 360 Room Layout Reconstruction30 Nov 2023
- 2023SAMPro3D: Locating SAM Prompts in 3D for Zero-Shot Instance Segmentation29 Nov 2023
- 2023Intrinsic Image Decomposition via Ordinal Shading21 Nov 2023
- 20233DCoMPaT++: An improved Large-scale 3D Vision Dataset for Compositional Recognition27 Oct 2023
- 2023Stanford-ORB: A Real-World 3D Object Inverse Rendering Benchmark24 Oct 2023
- 2023How the level sampling process impacts zero-shot generalisation in deep reinforcement learning5 Oct 2023
- 2023Intrinsic Image Decomposition Using Point Cloud Representation20 Jul 2023
- 2023Measured Albedo in the Wild: Filling the Gap in Intrinsics Evaluation27 Jun 2023
- 2023Infinite Photorealistic Worlds using Procedural Generation15 Jun 2023
- 2023Estimating Generic 3D Room Structures from 2D Annotations15 Jun 2023
- 2023Spatiotemporally Consistent HDR Indoor Lighting Estimation7 May 2023
50 newest of 73 All 73 (JSON)
- 2024RGBleftrightarrowX: Image decomposition and synthesis using material- and lighting-aware diffusion modelscited by 159
- 2025DiffusionRenderer: Neural Inverse and Forward Rendering with Video Diffusion Modelscited by 55
- 2025Ouroboros: Single-step Diffusion Models for Cycle-consistent Forward and Inverse Renderingcited by 16
- 2024Retinex-Diffusion: On Controlling Illumination Conditions in Diffusion Models via Retinex Theorycited by 7
- 2025Channel-wise Noise Scheduled Diffusion for Inverse Rendering in Indoor Scenescited by 1
- 2025Ouroboros: Single-step Diffusion Models for Cycle-consistent Forward and Inverse Rendering20 Aug 2025
- 2025Channel-wise Noise Scheduled Diffusion for Inverse Rendering in Indoor Scenes13 Mar 2025
- 2025DiffusionRenderer: Neural Inverse and Forward Rendering with Video Diffusion Models30 Jan 2025
- 2024Retinex-Diffusion: On Controlling Illumination Conditions in Diffusion Models via Retinex Theory29 Jul 2024
- 2024RGBleftrightarrowX: Image decomposition and synthesis using material- and lighting-aware diffusion models1 May 2024
- 2021Habitat 2.0: Training Home Assistants to Rearrange their Habitatcited by 501
- 2022ProcTHOR: Large-Scale Embodied AI Using Procedural Generationcited by 369
- 2023Infinite Photorealistic Worlds using Procedural Generationcited by 142
- 2024Infinigen Indoors: Photorealistic Indoor Scenes using Procedural Generationcited by 129
- 2024URDFormer: A Pipeline for Constructing Articulated Simulation Environments from Real-World Imagescited by 106
- 2021Learning Indoor Inverse Rendering with 3D Spatially-Varying Lightingcited by 82
- 2022Learning-based Inverse Rendering of Complex Indoor Scenes with Differentiable Monte Carlo Raytracingcited by 78
- 2022Learning to Relight Portrait Images via a Virtual Light Stage and Synthetic-to-Real Adaptationcited by 67
- 2022IRISformer: Dense Vision Transformers for Single-Image Inverse Rendering in Indoor Scenescited by 62
- 2024MegaScenes: Scene-Level View Synthesis at Scalecited by 58
- 2023Intrinsic Image Decomposition via Ordinal Shadingcited by 53
- 2023Stanford-ORB: A Real-World 3D Object Inverse Rendering Benchmarkcited by 51
12 most cited of 68 All 68 (JSON)
- 2026Do Image Editing Models Understand Lighting?25 Jun 2026
- 2026PIXLRelight: Controllable Relighting via Intrinsic Conditioning18 May 2026
- 2026PhysEditBench: A Protocol-Conditioned Benchmark for Dense Physical-Map Prediction with Image Editors13 May 2026
- 2026WildRelight: A Real-World Benchmark and Physics-Guided Adaptation for Single-Image Relighting12 May 2026
- 20263D-Fixer: Coarse-to-Fine In-place Completion for 3D Scenes from a Single Image6 Apr 2026
- 2026Generative World Renderer2 Apr 2026
- 2026ICTPolarReal: A Polarized Reflection and Material Dataset of Real World Objects26 Mar 2026
- 2026Geo-ID: Test-Time Geometric Consensus for Cross-View Consistent Intrinsics14 Mar 2026
- 2026PARSE: Part-Aware Relational Spatial Modeling8 Mar 2026
- 2025Intrinsic Image Fusion for Multi-View 3D Material Reconstruction15 Dec 2025
- 2025InternScenes: A Large-scale Simulatable Indoor Scene Dataset with Realistic Layouts13 Sep 2025
- 2025VT-Intrinsic: Physics-Based Decomposition of Reflectance and Shading using a Single Visible-Thermal Image Pair12 Sep 2025
12 newest of 68 All 68 (JSON)