Diffusion Models are Efficient Data Generators for Human Mesh Recovery
On the map: Diffusion models → 3D, point cloud and scene generation
Abstract (arXiv)
Despite remarkable progress having been made on the problem of 3D human pose and shape estimation (HPS), current state-of-the-art methods rely heavily on either confined indoor mocap datasets or datasets generated by a rendering engine using computer graphics (CG). Both categories of datasets exhibit inadequacies in furnishing adequate human identities and authentic in-the-wild background scenes, which are crucial for accurately simulating real-world distributions. In this work, we show that synthetic data created by generative models is complementary to CG-rendered data for achieving remarkable generalization performance on diverse real-world scenes. We propose an effective data generation pipeline based on recent diffusion models, termed HumanWild, which can effortlessly generate human images and corresponding 3D mesh annotations. Specifically, we first collect a large-scale human-centric dataset with comprehensive annotations, e.g, text captions, the depth map, and surface normal images. To generate a wide variety of human images with initial labels, we train a customized, multi-condition ControlNet model. The key to this process is using a 3D parametric model, e.g, SMPL-X, to create various condition inputs easily. Our data generation pipeline is both flexible and customizable, making it adaptable to multiple real-world tasks, such as human interaction in complex scenes and humans captured by wide-angle lenses. By relying solely on generative models, we can produce large-scale, in-the-wild human images with high-quality annotations, significantly reducing the need for manual image collection and annotation. The generated dataset encompasses a wide range of viewpoints, environments, and human identities, ensuring its versatility across different scenarios. We hope that our work could pave the way for scaling up 3D human recovery to in-the-wild scenes.
Key facts. Cited by 8 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in 3D, point cloud and scene generation, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 60 of its 78 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 17 Mar 2024.
Builds on
60 of 78 references.
Closest ancestors · 2
Same direction, newest first
- 2023HyperHuman: Hyper-Realistic Human Generation with Latent Structural Diffusion12 Oct
- 2023HumanSD: A Native Skeleton-Guided Diffusion Model for Human Image Generation9 Apr
Other references · 58
- 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 51,809
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 20,851
- 2015U-Net: Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentationcited by 19,604
- 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,694
- 2014Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Contextcited by 17,498
- 2023LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Modelscited by 13,958
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Implicit Modelscited by 9,655
- 2023Adding Conditional Control to Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 5,466
- 2023SDXL: Improving Latent Diffusion Models for High-Resolution Image Synthesiscited by 4,290
- 2019Expressive Body Capture: 3D Hands, Face, and Body from a Single Imagecited by 1,600
- 2019Deep High-Resolution Representation Learning for Human Pose Estimationcited by 1,339
- 2018Demystifying MMD GANscited by 1,268
38 more
- 2019AMASS: Archive of Motion Capture as Surface Shapescited by 1,208
- 2017End-to-end Recovery of Human Shape and Posecited by 883
- 2023ScanNet++: A High-Fidelity Dataset of 3D Indoor Scenescited by 747
- 2016Keep it SMPL: Automatic Estimation of 3D Human Pose and Shape from a Single Imagecited by 692
- 2020Neural Body: Implicit Neural Representations with Structured Latent Codes for Novel View Synthesis of Dynamic Humanscited by 634
- 2019Learning to Reconstruct 3D Human Pose and Shape via Model-fitting in the Loopcited by 625
- 2016Monocular 3D Human Pose Estimation In The Wild Using Improved CNN Supervisioncited by 493
- 2021AI Choreographer: Music Conditioned 3D Dance Generation with AIST++cited by 479
- 2017Learning from Synthetic Humanscited by 358
- 2021PARE: Part Attention Regressor for 3D Human Body Estimationcited by 334
- 2023Synthetic Data from Diffusion Models Improves ImageNet Classificationcited by 326
- 2023Effective Whole-body Pose Estimation with Two-stages Distillationcited by 307
- 2020HybrIK: A Hybrid Analytical-Neural Inverse Kinematics Solution for 3D Human Pose and Shape Estimationcited by 304
- 2019Resolving 3D Human Pose Ambiguities with 3D Scene Constraintscited by 294
- 2021Mesh Graphormercited by 264
- 2022CLIFF: Carrying Location Information in Full Frames into Human Pose and Shape Estimationcited by 237
- 2023BEDLAM: A Synthetic Dataset of Bodies Exhibiting Detailed Lifelike Animated Motioncited by 229
- 2021AGORA: Avatars in Geography Optimized for Regression Analysiscited by 203
- 2023StableRep: Synthetic Images from Text-to-Image Models Make Strong Visual Representation Learnerscited by 177
- 2022Capturing and Inferring Dense Full-Body Human-Scene Contactcited by 176
- 2021You Only Look at One Sequence: Rethinking Transformer in Vision through Object Detectioncited by 170
- 2023RTMPose: Real-Time Multi-Person Pose Estimation based on MMPosecited by 170
- 2022PyMAF-X: Towards Well-aligned Full-body Model Regression from Monocular Imagescited by 152
- 2021EgoBody: Human Body Shape and Motion of Interacting People from Head-Mounted Devicescited by 136
- 2021SPEC: Seeing People in the Wild with an Estimated Cameracited by 134
- 2023One-Stage 3D Whole-Body Mesh Recovery with Component Aware Transformercited by 128
- 2023DatasetDM: Synthesizing Data with Perception Annotations Using Diffusion Modelscited by 122
- 2024Rethinking Inductive Biases for Surface Normal Estimationcited by 122
- 2022HuMMan: Multi-Modal 4D Human Dataset for Versatile Sensing and Modelingcited by 115
- 2020Exemplar Fine-Tuning for 3D Human Model Fitting Towards In-the-Wild 3D Human Pose Estimationcited by 113
- 20233D Human Pose Estimation via Intuitive Physicscited by 100
- 2023TLControl: Trajectory and Language Control for Human Motion Synthesiscited by 93
- 2023Unified Human-Scene Interaction via Prompted Chain-of-Contactscited by 91
- 2023EMDM: Efficient Motion Diffusion Model for Fast and High-Quality Motion Generationcited by 88
- 2023Hi4D: 4D Instance Segmentation of Close Human Interactioncited by 87
- 2020Synthetic Training for Accurate 3D Human Pose and Shape Estimation in the Wildcited by 82
- 2020Accurate 3D Hand Pose Estimation for Whole-Body 3D Human Mesh Estimationcited by 81
- 2021Playing for 3D Human Recoverycited by 63
50 most cited of 58 All 58 (JSON)
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 4; 2025: 0; 2026: 4.
8 papers.
- 2024LRM-Zero: Training Large Reconstruction Models with Synthesized Datacited by 35
- 2024Monocular Human-Object Reconstruction in the Wildcited by 9
- 2024Robust 3D Shape Reconstruction in Zero-Shot from a Single Image in the Wildcited by 7
- 2024X as Supervision: Contending with Depth Ambiguity in Unsupervised Monocular 3D Pose Estimationcited by 0
- 2026SAM4Dcap: Training-free Biomechanical Twin System from Monocular Videocited by 0
- 2026PoseDreamer: Scalable and Photorealistic Human Data Generation Pipeline with Diffusion Modelscited by 0
- 2026InHabit: Leveraging Image Foundation Models for Scalable 3D Human Placementcited by 0
- 2026GazeDiT: Gaze-Accurate Diffusion Image Generation for Eye Tracking via Spatial Conditioningcited by 0
- 2026GazeDiT: Gaze-Accurate Diffusion Image Generation for Eye Tracking via Spatial Conditioning15 Sep 2026
- 2026InHabit: Leveraging Image Foundation Models for Scalable 3D Human Placement21 Apr 2026
- 2026PoseDreamer: Scalable and Photorealistic Human Data Generation Pipeline with Diffusion Models30 Mar 2026
- 2026SAM4Dcap: Training-free Biomechanical Twin System from Monocular Video14 Feb 2026
- 2024X as Supervision: Contending with Depth Ambiguity in Unsupervised Monocular 3D Pose Estimation20 Nov 2024
- 2024Monocular Human-Object Reconstruction in the Wild30 Jul 2024
- 2024LRM-Zero: Training Large Reconstruction Models with Synthesized Data13 Jun 2024
- 2024Robust 3D Shape Reconstruction in Zero-Shot from a Single Image in the Wild21 Mar 2024
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2023Diffusion-HPC: Synthetic Data Generation for Human Mesh Recovery in Challenging Domains
- 2023PrimDiffusion: Volumetric Primitives Diffusion for 3D Human Generation
- 2025LieHMR: Autoregressive Human Mesh Recovery with SO(3) Diffusion
- 2023HumanNorm: Learning Normal Diffusion Model for High-quality and Realistic 3D Human Generation
- 2023DiffHPE: Robust, Coherent 3D Human Pose Lifting with Diffusion
- 2025HuGeDiff: 3D Human Generation via Diffusion with Gaussian Splatting
- 2025InfiniHuman: Infinite 3D Human Creation with Precise Control
- 2024StructLDM: Structured Latent Diffusion for 3D Human Generation