mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Diffusion Models are Efficient Data Generators for Human Mesh Recovery

arXiv 2403.11111 ↗First posted 17 Mar 2024cs.CVcited by 8

On the map: Diffusion models → 3D, point cloud and scene generation

Abstract (arXiv)

Despite remarkable progress having been made on the problem of 3D human pose and shape estimation (HPS), current state-of-the-art methods rely heavily on either confined indoor mocap datasets or datasets generated by a rendering engine using computer graphics (CG). Both categories of datasets exhibit inadequacies in furnishing adequate human identities and authentic in-the-wild background scenes, which are crucial for accurately simulating real-world distributions. In this work, we show that synthetic data created by generative models is complementary to CG-rendered data for achieving remarkable generalization performance on diverse real-world scenes. We propose an effective data generation pipeline based on recent diffusion models, termed HumanWild, which can effortlessly generate human images and corresponding 3D mesh annotations. Specifically, we first collect a large-scale human-centric dataset with comprehensive annotations, e.g, text captions, the depth map, and surface normal images. To generate a wide variety of human images with initial labels, we train a customized, multi-condition ControlNet model. The key to this process is using a 3D parametric model, e.g, SMPL-X, to create various condition inputs easily. Our data generation pipeline is both flexible and customizable, making it adaptable to multiple real-world tasks, such as human interaction in complex scenes and humans captured by wide-angle lenses. By relying solely on generative models, we can produce large-scale, in-the-wild human images with high-quality annotations, significantly reducing the need for manual image collection and annotation. The generated dataset encompasses a wide range of viewpoints, environments, and human identities, ensuring its versatility across different scenarios. We hope that our work could pave the way for scaling up 3D human recovery to in-the-wild scenes.

Key facts. Cited by 8 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in 3D, point cloud and scene generation, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 60 of its 78 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 17 Mar 2024.

Builds on

60 of 78 references.

Closest ancestors · 2

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2023HyperHuman: Hyper-Realistic Human Generation with Latent Structural Diffusion12 Oct
  2. 2023HumanSD: A Native Skeleton-Guided Diffusion Model for Human Image Generation9 Apr

Other references · 58

  1. 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 51,809
  2. 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 20,851
  3. 2015U-Net: Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentationcited by 19,604
  4. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,694
  5. 2014Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Contextcited by 17,498
  6. 2023LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Modelscited by 13,958
  7. 2020Denoising Diffusion Implicit Modelscited by 9,655
  8. 2023Adding Conditional Control to Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 5,466
  9. 2023SDXL: Improving Latent Diffusion Models for High-Resolution Image Synthesiscited by 4,290
  10. 2019Expressive Body Capture: 3D Hands, Face, and Body from a Single Imagecited by 1,600
  11. 2019Deep High-Resolution Representation Learning for Human Pose Estimationcited by 1,339
  12. 2018Demystifying MMD GANscited by 1,268
38 more
  1. 2019AMASS: Archive of Motion Capture as Surface Shapescited by 1,208
  2. 2017End-to-end Recovery of Human Shape and Posecited by 883
  3. 2023ScanNet++: A High-Fidelity Dataset of 3D Indoor Scenescited by 747
  4. 2016Keep it SMPL: Automatic Estimation of 3D Human Pose and Shape from a Single Imagecited by 692
  5. 2020Neural Body: Implicit Neural Representations with Structured Latent Codes for Novel View Synthesis of Dynamic Humanscited by 634
  6. 2019Learning to Reconstruct 3D Human Pose and Shape via Model-fitting in the Loopcited by 625
  7. 2016Monocular 3D Human Pose Estimation In The Wild Using Improved CNN Supervisioncited by 493
  8. 2021AI Choreographer: Music Conditioned 3D Dance Generation with AIST++cited by 479
  9. 2017Learning from Synthetic Humanscited by 358
  10. 2021PARE: Part Attention Regressor for 3D Human Body Estimationcited by 334
  11. 2023Synthetic Data from Diffusion Models Improves ImageNet Classificationcited by 326
  12. 2023Effective Whole-body Pose Estimation with Two-stages Distillationcited by 307
  13. 2020HybrIK: A Hybrid Analytical-Neural Inverse Kinematics Solution for 3D Human Pose and Shape Estimationcited by 304
  14. 2019Resolving 3D Human Pose Ambiguities with 3D Scene Constraintscited by 294
  15. 2021Mesh Graphormercited by 264
  16. 2022CLIFF: Carrying Location Information in Full Frames into Human Pose and Shape Estimationcited by 237
  17. 2023BEDLAM: A Synthetic Dataset of Bodies Exhibiting Detailed Lifelike Animated Motioncited by 229
  18. 2021AGORA: Avatars in Geography Optimized for Regression Analysiscited by 203
  19. 2023StableRep: Synthetic Images from Text-to-Image Models Make Strong Visual Representation Learnerscited by 177
  20. 2022Capturing and Inferring Dense Full-Body Human-Scene Contactcited by 176
  21. 2021You Only Look at One Sequence: Rethinking Transformer in Vision through Object Detectioncited by 170
  22. 2023RTMPose: Real-Time Multi-Person Pose Estimation based on MMPosecited by 170
  23. 2022PyMAF-X: Towards Well-aligned Full-body Model Regression from Monocular Imagescited by 152
  24. 2021EgoBody: Human Body Shape and Motion of Interacting People from Head-Mounted Devicescited by 136
  25. 2021SPEC: Seeing People in the Wild with an Estimated Cameracited by 134
  26. 2023One-Stage 3D Whole-Body Mesh Recovery with Component Aware Transformercited by 128
  27. 2023DatasetDM: Synthesizing Data with Perception Annotations Using Diffusion Modelscited by 122
  28. 2024Rethinking Inductive Biases for Surface Normal Estimationcited by 122
  29. 2022HuMMan: Multi-Modal 4D Human Dataset for Versatile Sensing and Modelingcited by 115
  30. 2020Exemplar Fine-Tuning for 3D Human Model Fitting Towards In-the-Wild 3D Human Pose Estimationcited by 113
  31. 20233D Human Pose Estimation via Intuitive Physicscited by 100
  32. 2023TLControl: Trajectory and Language Control for Human Motion Synthesiscited by 93
  33. 2023Unified Human-Scene Interaction via Prompted Chain-of-Contactscited by 91
  34. 2023EMDM: Efficient Motion Diffusion Model for Fast and High-Quality Motion Generationcited by 88
  35. 2023Hi4D: 4D Instance Segmentation of Close Human Interactioncited by 87
  36. 2020Synthetic Training for Accurate 3D Human Pose and Shape Estimation in the Wildcited by 82
  37. 2020Accurate 3D Hand Pose Estimation for Whole-Body 3D Human Mesh Estimationcited by 81
  38. 2021Playing for 3D Human Recoverycited by 63

50 most cited of 58 All 58 (JSON)

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 4; 2025: 0; 2026: 4.

8 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2023Diffusion-HPC: Synthetic Data Generation for Human Mesh Recovery in Challenging Domains
  2. 2023PrimDiffusion: Volumetric Primitives Diffusion for 3D Human Generation
  3. 2025LieHMR: Autoregressive Human Mesh Recovery with SO(3) Diffusion
  4. 2023HumanNorm: Learning Normal Diffusion Model for High-quality and Realistic 3D Human Generation
  5. 2023DiffHPE: Robust, Coherent 3D Human Pose Lifting with Diffusion
  6. 2025HuGeDiff: 3D Human Generation via Diffusion with Gaussian Splatting
  7. 2025InfiniHuman: Infinite 3D Human Creation with Precise Control
  8. 2024StructLDM: Structured Latent Diffusion for 3D Human Generation