mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

StructLDM: Structured Latent Diffusion for 3D Human Generation

arXiv 2404.01241 ↗First posted 1 Apr 2024cs.CVcited by 17

On the map: Diffusion models → 3D, point cloud and scene generation

Abstract (arXiv)

Recent 3D human generative models have achieved remarkable progress by learning 3D-aware GANs from 2D images. However, existing 3D human generative methods model humans in a compact 1D latent space, ignoring the articulated structure and semantics of human body topology. In this paper, we explore more expressive and higher-dimensional latent space for 3D human modeling and propose StructLDM, a diffusion-based unconditional 3D human generative model, which is learned from 2D images. StructLDM solves the challenges imposed due to the high-dimensional growth of latent space with three key designs: 1) A semantic structured latent space defined on the dense surface manifold of a statistical human body template. 2) A structured 3D-aware auto-decoder that factorizes the global latent space into several semantic body parts parameterized by a set of conditional structured local NeRFs anchored to the body template, which embeds the properties learned from the 2D training data and can be decoded to render view-consistent humans under different poses and clothing styles. 3) A structured latent diffusion model for generative human appearance sampling. Extensive experiments validate StructLDM's state-of-the-art generation performance and illustrate the expressiveness of the structured latent space over the well-adopted 1D latent space. Notably, StructLDM enables different levels of controllable 3D human generation and editing, including pose/view/shape control, and high-level tasks including compositional generations, part-aware clothing editing, 3D virtual try-on, etc. Our project page is at: https://taohuumd.github.io/projects/StructLDM/.

Key facts. Cited by 17 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in 3D, point cloud and scene generation, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 70 of its 82 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 1 Apr 2024.

Builds on

70 of 82 references.

Closest ancestors · 14

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2023PrimDiffusion: Volumetric Primitives Diffusion for 3D Human Generation7 Dec
  2. 2023HyperHuman: Hyper-Realistic Human Generation with Latent Structural Diffusion12 Oct
  3. 2023Guide3D: Create 3D Avatars from Text and Image Guidance18 Aug
  4. 2023AutoDecoding Latent 3D Diffusion Models7 Jul
  5. 2023DreamPose: Fashion Image-to-Video Synthesis via Stable Diffusion12 Apr
  6. 2023DreamAvatar: Text-and-Shape Guided 3D Human Avatar Generation via Diffusion Models3 Apr
  7. 20233DGen: Triplane Latent Diffusion for Textured Mesh Generation9 Mar
  8. 2022Point-E: A System for Generating 3D Point Clouds from Complex Prompts16 Dec
  9. 2022Rodin: A Generative Model for Sculpting 3D Digital Avatars Using Diffusion12 Dec
  10. 2022DiffRF: Rendering-Guided 3D Radiance Field Diffusion2 Dec
  11. 20223D Neural Field Generation using Triplane Diffusion30 Nov
  12. 2022LION: Latent Point Diffusion Models for 3D Shape Generation12 Oct
2 more
  1. 2022DreamFusion: Text-to-3D using 2D Diffusion29 Sep
  2. 2021Diffusion Probabilistic Models for 3D Point Cloud Generation2 Mar

Other references · 56

  1. 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 52,096
  2. 2014Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimizationcited by 37,240
  3. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,744
  4. 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 21,076
  5. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,863
  6. 2014Very Deep Convolutional Networks for Large-Scale Image Recognitioncited by 15,364
  7. 2018The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metriccited by 11,177
  8. 2020Denoising Diffusion Implicit Modelscited by 9,781
  9. 20233D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Radiance Field Renderingcited by 6,226
  10. 2018A Style-Based Generator Architecture for Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 6,013
  11. 2022Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 5,627
  12. 2023Adding Conditional Control to Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 5,503
38 more
  1. 2014Fully Convolutional Networks for Semantic Segmentationcited by 4,859
  2. 2016Image-to-Image Translation with Conditional Adversarial Networkscited by 4,527
  3. 2021Improved Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 3,761
  4. 2019Analyzing and Improving the Image Quality of StyleGANcited by 3,588
  5. 2020Taming Transformers for High-Resolution Image Synthesiscited by 3,253
  6. 2016Perceptual Losses for Real-Time Style Transfer and Super-Resolutioncited by 2,694
  7. 2020Implicit Neural Representations with Periodic Activation Functionscited by 2,238
  8. 2021Efficient Geometry-aware 3D Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 1,205
  9. 2021Alias-Free Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 1,184
  10. 2017High-Resolution Image Synthesis and Semantic Manipulation with Conditional GANscited by 1,179
  11. 2020GIRAFFE: Representing Scenes as Compositional Generative Neural Feature Fieldscited by 785
  12. 2017SphereFace: Deep Hypersphere Embedding for Face Recognitioncited by 737
  13. 2020Implicit Geometric Regularization for Learning Shapescited by 710
  14. 2020pi-GAN: Periodic Implicit Generative Adversarial Networks for 3D-Aware Image Synthesiscited by 708
  15. 20213D Shape Generation and Completion through Point-Voxel Diffusioncited by 516
  16. 2021Zero-Shot Text-Guided Object Generation with Dream Fieldscited by 513
  17. 2023Shap-E: Generating Conditional 3D Implicit Functionscited by 385
  18. 2021StyleSDF: High-Resolution 3D-Consistent Image and Geometry Generationcited by 289
  19. 2021Mixture of Volumetric Primitives for Efficient Neural Renderingcited by 277
  20. 2021Function4D: Real-time Human Volumetric Capture from Very Sparse Consumer RGBD Sensorscited by 246
  21. 2023NerfDiff: Single-image View Synthesis with NeRF-guided Distillation from 3D-aware Diffusioncited by 180
  22. 2022StyleGAN-Human: A Data-Centric Odyssey of Human Generationcited by 144
  23. 2022Next3D: Generative Neural Texture Rasterization for 3D-Aware Head Avatarscited by 124
  24. 2022Structured Local Radiance Fields for Human Avatar Modelingcited by 116
  25. 2019DwNet: Dense warp-based network for pose-guided human video generationcited by 115
  26. 2022EVA3D: Compositional 3D Human Generation from 2D Image Collectionscited by 111
  27. 2022Generative Neural Articulated Radiance Fieldscited by 101
  28. 2022DifFace: Blind Face Restoration with Diffused Error Contractioncited by 97
  29. 2021The Power of Points for Modeling Humans in Clothingcited by 90
  30. 2021SCALE: Modeling Clothed Humans with a Surface Codec of Articulated Local Elementscited by 72
  31. 2022gDNA: Towards Generative Detailed Neural Avatarscited by 72
  32. 20203D Human Mesh Regression with Dense Correspondencecited by 66
  33. 2022Unsupervised Learning of Efficient Geometry-Aware Neural Articulated Representationscited by 65
  34. 2021StylePeople: A Generative Model of Fullbody Human Avatarscited by 62
  35. 2022Drivable Volumetric Avatars using Texel-Aligned Featurescited by 62
  36. 2023Gaussian Shell Maps for Efficient 3D Human Generationcited by 61
  37. 2022AvatarGen: A 3D Generative Model for Animatable Human Avatarscited by 59
  38. 2023AG3D: Learning to Generate 3D Avatars from 2D Image Collectionscited by 55

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Citing papers per year: 2024: 3; 2025: 11; 2026: 3.

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  1. 2023HumanLiff: Layer-wise 3D Human Generation with Diffusion Model
  2. 2023HumanNorm: Learning Normal Diffusion Model for High-quality and Realistic 3D Human Generation
  3. 2025HumanGif: Single-View Human Diffusion with Generative Prior
  4. 2023Diffusion-HPC: Synthetic Data Generation for Human Mesh Recovery in Challenging Domains
  5. 2025Unconditional Human Motion and Shape Generation via Balanced Score-Based Diffusion
  6. 2025ArtiLatent: Realistic Articulated 3D Object Generation via Structured Latents
  7. 2023SiTH: Single-view Textured Human Reconstruction with Image-Conditioned Diffusion
  8. 2024Template-Free Single-View 3D Human Digitalization with Diffusion-Guided LRM