mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Gait Recognition in the Wild with Dense 3D Representations and A Benchmark

arXiv 2204.02569 ↗First posted 6 Apr 2022cs.CVcited by 113

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Abstract (arXiv)

Existing studies for gait recognition are dominated by 2D representations like the silhouette or skeleton of the human body in constrained scenes. However, humans live and walk in the unconstrained 3D space, so projecting the 3D human body onto the 2D plane will discard a lot of crucial information like the viewpoint, shape, and dynamics for gait recognition. Therefore, this paper aims to explore dense 3D representations for gait recognition in the wild, which is a practical yet neglected problem. In particular, we propose a novel framework to explore the 3D Skinned Multi-Person Linear (SMPL) model of the human body for gait recognition, named SMPLGait. Our framework has two elaborately-designed branches of which one extracts appearance features from silhouettes, the other learns knowledge of 3D viewpoints and shapes from the 3D SMPL model. In addition, due to the lack of suitable datasets, we build the first large-scale 3D representation-based gait recognition dataset, named Gait3D. It contains 4,000 subjects and over 25,000 sequences extracted from 39 cameras in an unconstrained indoor scene. More importantly, it provides 3D SMPL models recovered from video frames which can provide dense 3D information of body shape, viewpoint, and dynamics. Based on Gait3D, we comprehensively compare our method with existing gait recognition approaches, which reflects the superior performance of our framework and the potential of 3D representations for gait recognition in the wild. The code and dataset are available at https://gait3d.github.io.

Key facts. Cited by 113 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 24 of its 63 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 6 Apr 2022.

Builds on

24 of 63 references.

References · 24

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12 more
  1. 2018GaitSet: Regarding Gait as a Set for Cross-View Gait Recognitioncited by 137
  2. 2020Gait Recognition via Effective Global-Local Feature Representation and Local Temporal Aggregationcited by 120
  3. 2021GaitGraph: Graph Convolutional Network for Skeleton-Based Gait Recognitioncited by 114
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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2022: 13; 2023: 25; 2024: 22; 2025: 28; 2026: 25.

113 papers.

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  1. 2022OpenGait: Revisiting Gait Recognition Toward Better Practicalitycited by 85
  2. 2022LidarGait: Benchmarking 3D Gait Recognition with Point Cloudscited by 54
  3. 2022A Comprehensive Survey on Deep Gait Recognition: Algorithms, Datasets and Challengescited by 45
  4. 2023Exploring Deep Models for Practical Gait Recognitioncited by 44
  5. 2024BigGait: Learning Gait Representation You Want by Large Vision Modelscited by 44
  6. 2023SkeletonGait: Gait Recognition Using Skeleton Mapscited by 40
  7. 2023GPGait: Generalized Pose-based Gait Recognitioncited by 39
  8. 2024KeyPoint Relative Position Encoding for Face Recognitioncited by 37
  9. 2023DyGait: Exploiting Dynamic Representations for High-performance Gait Recognitioncited by 35
  10. 2023Parsing is All You Need for Accurate Gait Recognition in the Wildcited by 32
  11. 2023GaitGCI: Generative Counterfactual Intervention for Gait Recognitioncited by 30
  12. 2022GaitGL: Learning Discriminative Global-Local Feature Representations for Gait Recognitioncited by 25
38 more
  1. 2022Learning Gait Representation from Massive Unlabelled Walking Videos: A Benchmarkcited by 24
  2. 2022Gait Recognition in the Wild with Multi-hop Temporal Switchcited by 22
  3. 2025BiggerGait: Unlocking Gait Recognition with Layer-wise Representations from Large Vision Modelscited by 18
  4. 2023Hierarchical Spatio-Temporal Representation Learning for Gait Recognitioncited by 17
  5. 2022Gait Recognition in Large-scale Free Environment via Single LiDARcited by 16
  6. 2024QAGait: Revisit Gait Recognition from a Quality Perspectivecited by 16
  7. 2024OpenGait: A Comprehensive Benchmark Study for Gait Recognition towards Better Practicalitycited by 15
  8. 2025On Denoising Walking Videos for Gait Recognitioncited by 14
  9. 2023ShARc: Shape and Appearance Recognition for Person Identification In-the-wildcited by 13
  10. 2024Causality-inspired Discriminative Feature Learning in Triple Domains for Gait Recognitioncited by 13
  11. 2022Gait Recognition Using 3-D Human Body Shape Inferencecited by 12
  12. 2023A Multi-Stage Adaptive Feature Fusion Neural Network for Multimodal Gait Recognitioncited by 12
  13. 2024Open-Set Biometrics: Beyond Good Closed-Set Modelscited by 12
  14. 2024Exploring More from Multiple Gait Modalities for Human Identificationcited by 12
  15. 2023GaitPT: Skeletons Are All You Need For Gait Recognitioncited by 11
  16. 2022Gait Recognition in the Wild: A Large-scale Benchmark and NAS-based Baselinecited by 10
  17. 2023PsyMo: A Dataset for Estimating Self-Reported Psychological Traits from Gaitcited by 10
  18. 2024Cross-Modality Gait Recognition: Bridging LiDAR and Camera Modalities for Human Identificationcited by 10
  19. 2024It Takes Two: Accurate Gait Recognition in the Wild via Cross-granularity Alignmentcited by 10
  20. 2024Multi-Granularity Class Prototype Topology Distillation for Class-Incremental Source-Free Unsupervised Domain Adaptationcited by 10
  21. 2023GaitRef: Gait Recognition with Refined Sequential Skeletonscited by 9
  22. 2024Computer Vision for Clinical Gait Analysis: A Gait Abnormality Video Datasetcited by 9
  23. 2025Prosody-Enhanced Acoustic Pre-training and Acoustic-Disentangled Prosody Adapting for Movie Dubbingcited by 9
  24. 2022MAPLE: Masked Pseudo-Labeling autoEncoder for Semi-supervised Point Cloud Action Recognitioncited by 8
  25. 2023Free Lunch for Gait Recognition: A Novel Relation Descriptorcited by 8
  26. 2023GaitContour: Efficient Gait Recognition based on a Contour-Pose Representationcited by 8
  27. 2025DAGait: Generalized Skeleton-Guided Data Alignment for Gait Recognitioncited by 8
  28. 2023HybridGait: A Benchmark for Spatial-Temporal Cloth-Changing Gait Recognition with Hybrid Explorationscited by 6
  29. 2025Beyond Role-Based Surgical Domain Modeling: Generalizable Re-Identification in the Operating Roomcited by 6
  30. 2025GestureHYDRA: Semantic Co-speech Gesture Synthesis via Hybrid Modality Diffusion Transformer and Cascaded-Synchronized Retrieval-Augmented Generationcited by 6
  31. 2022Delving into the Frequency: Temporally Consistent Human Motion Transfer in the Fourier Spacecited by 5
  32. 20264DPC2hat: Towards Dynamic Point Cloud Understanding with Failure-Aware Bootstrappingcited by 5
  33. 2022REMOT: A Region-to-Whole Framework for Realistic Human Motion Transfercited by 4
  34. 2023Pedestrian Attribute Editing for Gait Recognition and Anonymizationcited by 4
  35. 2023HiH: A Multi-modal Hierarchy in Hierarchy Network for Unconstrained Gait Recognitioncited by 4
  36. 2024Learning to Generate Diverse Pedestrian Movements from Web Videos with Noisy Labelscited by 4
  37. 2025SciEducator: Scientific Video Understanding and Educating via Deming-Cycle Multi-Agent Systemcited by 4
  38. 2023Distillation-guided Representation Learning for Unconstrained Gait Recognitioncited by 3

50 most cited of 113 All 113 (JSON)