CAMPARI: Camera-Aware Decomposed Generative Neural Radiance Fields
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Abstract (arXiv)
Tremendous progress in deep generative models has led to photorealistic image synthesis. While achieving compelling results, most approaches operate in the two-dimensional image domain, ignoring the three-dimensional nature of our world. Several recent works therefore propose generative models which are 3D-aware, i.e., scenes are modeled in 3D and then rendered differentiably to the image plane. This leads to impressive 3D consistency, but incorporating such a bias comes at a price: the camera needs to be modeled as well. Current approaches assume fixed intrinsics and a predefined prior over camera pose ranges. As a result, parameter tuning is typically required for real-world data, and results degrade if the data distribution is not matched. Our key hypothesis is that learning a camera generator jointly with the image generator leads to a more principled approach to 3D-aware image synthesis. Further, we propose to decompose the scene into a background and foreground model, leading to more efficient and disentangled scene representations. While training from raw, unposed image collections, we learn a 3D- and camera-aware generative model which faithfully recovers not only the image but also the camera data distribution. At test time, our model generates images with explicit control over the camera as well as the shape and appearance of the scene.
Key facts. Cited by 55 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 64 of its 78 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 31 Mar 2021.
Builds on
64 of 78 references.
References · 64
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- 2020NeRF++: Analyzing and Improving Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 857
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- 2020GRAF: Generative Radiance Fields for 3D-Aware Image Synthesiscited by 688
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50 most cited of 64 All 64 (JSON)
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 17; 2022: 15; 2023: 19; 2024: 3; 2025: 1.
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- 2021Efficient Geometry-aware 3D Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 1,204
- 2022Score Jacobian Chaining: Lifting Pretrained 2D Diffusion Models for 3D Generationcited by 597
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- 2021Neural Fields in Visual Computing and Beyondcited by 539
- 2022Latent-NeRF for Shape-Guided Generation of 3D Shapes and Texturescited by 506
- 2021StyleNeRF: A Style-based 3D-Aware Generator for High-resolution Image Synthesiscited by 477
- 2021Advances in Neural Renderingcited by 365
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- 2021GRAM: Generative Radiance Manifolds for 3D-Aware Image Generationcited by 216
- 2024VR-GS: A Physical Dynamics-Aware Interactive Gaussian Splatting System in Virtual Realitycited by 175
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- 2021Fast Training of Neural Lumigraph Representations using Meta Learningcited by 29
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- 2023HyperStyle3D: Text-Guided 3D Portrait Stylization via Hypernetworkscited by 7
- 2023MIMO-NeRF: Fast Neural Rendering with Multi-input Multi-output Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 7
- 2021FreeStyleGAN: Free-view Editable Portrait Rendering with the Camera Manifoldcited by 6
- 2025HyPlaneHead: Rethinking Tri-plane-like Representations in Full-Head Image Synthesiscited by 6
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- 2023Painting 3D Nature in 2D: View Synthesis of Natural Scenes from a Single Semantic Maskcited by 2
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50 most cited of 55 All 55 (JSON)
- 2025HyPlaneHead: Rethinking Tri-plane-like Representations in Full-Head Image Synthesis20 Sep 2025
- 2024Improving Physics-Augmented Continuum Neural Radiance Field-Based Geometry-Agnostic System Identification with Lagrangian Particle Optimization6 Jun 2024
- 2024Learning 3D-Aware GANs from Unposed Images with Template Feature Field8 Apr 2024
- 2024VR-GS: A Physical Dynamics-Aware Interactive Gaussian Splatting System in Virtual Reality30 Jan 2024
- 2023Gaussian Shell Maps for Efficient 3D Human Generation29 Nov 2023
- 2023NeRFTAP: Enhancing Transferability of Adversarial Patches on Face Recognition using Neural Radiance Fields29 Nov 2023
- 2023Masked Space-Time Hash Encoding for Efficient Dynamic Scene Reconstruction26 Oct 2023
- 2023MIMO-NeRF: Fast Neural Rendering with Multi-input Multi-output Neural Radiance Fields3 Oct 2023
- 2023Semantic-Aware Implicit Template Learning via Part Deformation Consistency23 Aug 2023
- 2023GET3D--: Learning GET3D from Unconstrained Image Collections27 Jul 2023
- 2023BeyondPixels: A Comprehensive Review of the Evolution of Neural Radiance Fields5 Jun 2023
- 2023ContraNeRF: 3D-Aware Generative Model via Contrastive Learning with Unsupervised Implicit Pose Embedding27 Apr 2023
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- 2023ReLight My NeRF: A Dataset for Novel View Synthesis and Relighting of Real World Objects20 Apr 2023
- 2023HyperStyle3D: Text-Guided 3D Portrait Stylization via Hypernetworks19 Apr 2023
- 20233D-Aware Multi-Class Image-to-Image Translation with NeRFs27 Mar 2023
- 2023Persistent Nature: A Generative Model of Unbounded 3D Worlds23 Mar 2023
- 2023CC3D: Layout-Conditioned Generation of Compositional 3D Scenes21 Mar 2023
- 2023PartNeRF: Generating Part-Aware Editable 3D Shapes without 3D Supervision16 Mar 2023
- 20233D generation on ImageNet2 Mar 2023
- 2023Painting 3D Nature in 2D: View Synthesis of Natural Scenes from a Single Semantic Mask14 Feb 2023
- 2023Unsupervised Volumetric Animation26 Jan 2023
- 2023Learning 3D-aware Image Synthesis with Unknown Pose Distribution18 Jan 2023
- 20233DAvatarGAN: Bridging Domains for Personalized Editable Avatars6 Jan 2023
- 2022Score Jacobian Chaining: Lifting Pretrained 2D Diffusion Models for 3D Generation1 Dec 2022
- 2022CGOF++: Controllable 3D Face Synthesis with Conditional Generative Occupancy Fields23 Nov 2022
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- 20223D-Aware Video Generation29 Jun 2022
- 2022EpiGRAF: Rethinking training of 3D GANs21 Jun 2022
- 2022GAN2X: Non-Lambertian Inverse Rendering of Image GANs18 Jun 2022
- 2022Controllable 3D Face Synthesis with Conditional Generative Occupancy Fields16 Jun 2022
- 2022AR-NeRF: Unsupervised Learning of Depth and Defocus Effects from Natural Images with Aperture Rendering Neural Radiance Fields13 Jun 2022
- 2022Playable Environments: Video Manipulation in Space and Time3 Mar 2022
- 20223D-Aware Indoor Scene Synthesis with Depth Priors17 Feb 2022
- 2021NICE-SLAM: Neural Implicit Scalable Encoding for SLAM22 Dec 2021
- 2021StyleSDF: High-Resolution 3D-Consistent Image and Geometry Generation21 Dec 2021
- 2021GRAM: Generative Radiance Manifolds for 3D-Aware Image Generation16 Dec 2021
- 2021Efficient Geometry-aware 3D Generative Adversarial Networks15 Dec 2021
- 2021Adversarial Parametric Pose Prior8 Dec 2021
- 20213D-Aware Semantic-Guided Generative Model for Human Synthesis2 Dec 2021
- 2021Neural Fields in Visual Computing and Beyond22 Nov 2021
- 2021LOLNeRF: Learn from One Look19 Nov 2021
- 2021Advances in Neural Rendering10 Nov 2021
- 2021Generative Occupancy Fields for 3D Surface-Aware Image Synthesis1 Nov 2021
- 2021CIPS-3D: A 3D-Aware Generator of GANs Based on Conditionally-Independent Pixel Synthesis19 Oct 2021
- 2021StyleNeRF: A Style-based 3D-Aware Generator for High-resolution Image Synthesis18 Oct 2021
50 newest of 55 All 55 (JSON)
- 2023Persistent Nature: A Generative Model of Unbounded 3D Worldscited by 44
- 2023Persistent Nature: A Generative Model of Unbounded 3D Worlds23 Mar 2023
- 2021Efficient Geometry-aware 3D Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 1,204
- 2021NICE-SLAM: Neural Implicit Scalable Encoding for SLAMcited by 586
- 2021Neural Fields in Visual Computing and Beyondcited by 539
- 2022Latent-NeRF for Shape-Guided Generation of 3D Shapes and Texturescited by 506
- 2021StyleNeRF: A Style-based 3D-Aware Generator for High-resolution Image Synthesiscited by 477
- 2021Advances in Neural Renderingcited by 365
- 2021StyleSDF: High-Resolution 3D-Consistent Image and Geometry Generationcited by 289
- 2021GRAM: Generative Radiance Manifolds for 3D-Aware Image Generationcited by 216
- 2024VR-GS: A Physical Dynamics-Aware Interactive Gaussian Splatting System in Virtual Realitycited by 175
- 2021CIPS-3D: A 3D-Aware Generator of GANs Based on Conditionally-Independent Pixel Synthesiscited by 149
- 2022EpiGRAF: Rethinking training of 3D GANscited by 108
- 2021Unsupervised Discovery of Object Radiance Fieldscited by 100
12 most cited of 53 All 53 (JSON)
- 2025HyPlaneHead: Rethinking Tri-plane-like Representations in Full-Head Image Synthesis20 Sep 2025
- 2024Improving Physics-Augmented Continuum Neural Radiance Field-Based Geometry-Agnostic System Identification with Lagrangian Particle Optimization6 Jun 2024
- 2024Learning 3D-Aware GANs from Unposed Images with Template Feature Field8 Apr 2024
- 2024VR-GS: A Physical Dynamics-Aware Interactive Gaussian Splatting System in Virtual Reality30 Jan 2024
- 2023Gaussian Shell Maps for Efficient 3D Human Generation29 Nov 2023
- 2023NeRFTAP: Enhancing Transferability of Adversarial Patches on Face Recognition using Neural Radiance Fields29 Nov 2023
- 2023Masked Space-Time Hash Encoding for Efficient Dynamic Scene Reconstruction26 Oct 2023
- 2023MIMO-NeRF: Fast Neural Rendering with Multi-input Multi-output Neural Radiance Fields3 Oct 2023
- 2023Semantic-Aware Implicit Template Learning via Part Deformation Consistency23 Aug 2023
- 2023GET3D--: Learning GET3D from Unconstrained Image Collections27 Jul 2023
- 2023BeyondPixels: A Comprehensive Review of the Evolution of Neural Radiance Fields5 Jun 2023
- 2023ContraNeRF: 3D-Aware Generative Model via Contrastive Learning with Unsupervised Implicit Pose Embedding27 Apr 2023
12 newest of 53 All 53 (JSON)