mlsanityData to 13 Oct 2026

DeepShop: A Benchmark for Deep Research Shopping Agents

arXiv 2506.02839 ↗First posted 3 Jun 2025cs.IR cs.AIcited by 44

On the map: LLM agents and tool use → Social simulation and multi-agent debate

Abstract (arXiv)

Web agents for online shopping have shown great promise in automating user interactions across e-commerce platforms. Benchmarks for assessing such agents do not reflect the complexity of real-world shopping scenarios, as they often consist of overly simple queries with deterministic paths, such as "Find iPhone 15." Real shopping scenarios are inherently more layered, involving multi-dimensional product attributes, search filters, and user-specific sorting preferences. To address this gap, we introduce DeepShop, a benchmark designed to evaluate web agents in complex and realistic online shopping environments. DeepShop comprises three key components. (1) Query diversity evolution: Starting from real user queries, we generate diverse queries across five popular online shopping domains. (2) Query complexity evolution: We further evolve these queries to increase complexity, considering product attributes, search filters, and sorting preferences, and classify them into three levels: easy, medium, and hard, based on the number of evolutions. (3) Fine-grained and holistic evaluation: We propose an automated evaluation framework that assesses agent performance in terms of fine-grained aspects (product attributes, search filters, and sorting preferences) and reports the overall success rate through holistic evaluation. We conduct a systematic evaluation of retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) methods, web agents, and deep research systems. Results show that RAG struggles with complex queries due to its lack of web interaction, while other methods face significant challenges with filters and sorting preferences, leading to low overall success rates. We also perform cross-category, complexity-based evaluations and error analyses to support the advancement of deep research shopping agents.

Key facts. Cited by 44 papers in the map (data through 13 Oct 2026). Placed in Social simulation and multi-agent debate, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 51 of its 62 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 3 Jun 2025.

Builds on

51 of 62 references.

References · 51

  1. 2023WebArena: A Realistic Web Environment for Building Autonomous Agentscited by 1,953
  2. 2021WebGPT: Browser-assisted question-answering with human feedbackcited by 1,736
  3. 2023Mind2Web: Towards a Generalist Agent for the Webcited by 1,222
  4. 2022WebShop: Towards Scalable Real-World Web Interaction with Grounded Language Agentscited by 1,219
  5. 2023GAIA: a benchmark for General AI Assistantscited by 1,102
  6. 2024GPT-4V(ision) is a Generalist Web Agent, if Groundedcited by 551
  7. 2024WebVoyager: Building an End-to-End Web Agent with Large Multimodal Modelscited by 428
  8. 2023Cognitive Architectures for Language Agentscited by 427
  9. 2024Navigating the Digital World as Humans Do: Universal Visual Grounding for GUI Agentscited by 375
  10. 2023Language Models can Solve Computer Taskscited by 371
  11. 2023A Real-World WebAgent with Planning, Long Context Understanding, and Program Synthesiscited by 351
  12. 2025SkillWeaver: Web Agents can Self-Improve by Discovering and Honing Skillscited by 186
38 more
  1. 2024WebLINX: Real-World Website Navigation with Multi-Turn Dialoguecited by 179
  2. 2025An Illusion of Progress? Assessing the Current State of Web Agentscited by 169
  3. 2024Large Language Model-Brained GUI Agents: A Surveycited by 161
  4. 2023Multimodal Web Navigation with Instruction-Finetuned Foundation Modelscited by 160
  5. 2024AssistantBench: Can Web Agents Solve Realistic and Time-Consuming Tasks?cited by 155
  6. 2025InfiGUI-R1: Advancing Multimodal GUI Agents from Reactive Actors to Deliberative Reasonerscited by 140
  7. 2024AutoWebGLM: A Large Language Model-based Web Navigating Agentcited by 130
  8. 2024WebCanvas: Benchmarking Web Agents in Online Environmentscited by 121
  9. 2024GUI Agents with Foundation Models: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 110
  10. 2025Inducing Programmatic Skills for Agentic Taskscited by 109
  11. 2024GUI Agents: A Surveycited by 101
  12. 2025A Survey of WebAgents: Towards Next-Generation AI Agents for Web Automation with Large Foundation Modelscited by 87
  13. 2024Agent-E: From Autonomous Web Navigation to Foundational Design Principles in Agentic Systemscited by 80
  14. 2023From Pixels to UI Actions: Learning to Follow Instructions via Graphical User Interfacescited by 68
  15. 2023Confucius: Iterative Tool Learning from Introspection Feedback by Easy-to-Difficult Curriculumcited by 64
  16. 2024Large Language Models Empowered Personalized Web Agentscited by 64
  17. 2024Tool Learning in the Wild: Empowering Language Models as Automatic Tool Agentscited by 56
  18. 2024MMInA: Benchmarking Multihop Multimodal Internet Agentscited by 55
  19. 2024Learning to Use Tools via Cooperative and Interactive Agentscited by 54
  20. 2024Generate-then-Ground in Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Multi-hop Question Answeringcited by 51
  21. 2024OpenWebVoyager: Building Multimodal Web Agents via Iterative Real-World Exploration, Feedback and Optimizationcited by 45
  22. 2024VideoWebArena: Evaluating Long Context Multimodal Agents with Video Understanding Web Taskscited by 43
  23. 2020Towards Personalized and Semantic Retrieval: An End-to-End Solution for E-commerce Search via Embedding Learningcited by 31
  24. 2025BEARCUBS: A benchmark for computer-using web agentscited by 30
  25. 2022Variational Reasoning over Incomplete Knowledge Graphs for Conversational Recommendationcited by 22
  26. 2024ChatShop: Interactive Information Seeking with Language Agentscited by 22
  27. 2024MACPO: Weak-to-Strong Alignment via Multi-Agent Contrastive Preference Optimizationcited by 21
  28. 2023Multi-Defendant Legal Judgment Prediction via Hierarchical Reasoningcited by 18
  29. 2024KnowTuning: Knowledge-aware Fine-tuning for Large Language Modelscited by 11
  30. 2025Iterative Self-Incentivization Empowers Large Language Models as Agentic Searcherscited by 11
  31. 2022Feature-Level Debiased Natural Language Understandingcited by 10
  32. 2024Towards Empathetic Conversational Recommender Systemscited by 9
  33. 2025Direct Retrieval-augmented Optimization: Synergizing Knowledge Selection and Language Modelscited by 9
  34. 2024Cognitive Biases in Large Language Models for News Recommendationcited by 7
  35. 2025A Cooperative Multi-Agent Framework for Zero-Shot Named Entity Recognitioncited by 6
  36. 2024Identifying High Consideration E-Commerce Search Queriescited by 4
  37. 2024Information Discovery in e-Commercecited by 2
  38. 2025Agent-centric Information Accesscited by 2

50 most cited of 51 All 51 (JSON)

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 13 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 14; 2026: 30.

44 papers.

Sort:

By area:

  1. 2025A Survey of Context Engineering for Large Language Modelscited by 122
  2. 2025A Survey of LLM-based Deep Search Agents: Paradigm, Optimization, Evaluation, and Challengescited by 59
  3. 2026EvoScientist: Towards Multi-Agent Evolving AI Scientists for End-to-End Scientific Discoverycited by 47
  4. 2026DeepPlanning: Benchmarking Long-Horizon Agentic Planning with Verifiable Constraintscited by 45
  5. 2025Fara-7B: An Efficient Agentic Model for Computer Usecited by 34
  6. 2025A Comprehensive Survey on Reinforcement Learning-based Agentic Search: Foundations, Roles, Optimizations, Evaluations, and Applicationscited by 22
  7. 2025DeepWideSearch: Benchmarking Depth and Width in Agentic Information Seekingcited by 21
  8. 2025What Is Your AI Agent Buying? Evaluation, Biases, Model Dependence, & Emerging Implications for Agentic E-Commercecited by 19
  9. 2026WebGym: Scaling Training Environments for Visual Web Agents with Realistic Taskscited by 19
  10. 2025Uni-X: Mitigating Modality Conflict with a Two-End-Separated Architecture for Unified Multimodal Modelscited by 18
  11. 2026MolmoWeb: Open Visual Web Agent and Open Data for the Open Webcited by 18
  12. 2025WebMall -- A Multi-Shop Benchmark for Evaluating Web Agentscited by 16
32 more
  1. 2025WebCoach: Self-Evolving Web Agents with Cross-Session Memory Guidancecited by 16
  2. 2025A Framework for Studying AI Agent Behavior: Evidence from Consumer Choice Experimentscited by 12
  3. 2025Mitigating Hallucinations in Large Vision-Language Models via Entity-Centric Multimodal Preference Optimizationcited by 10
  4. 2026ShopSimulator: Evaluating and Exploring RL-Driven LLM Agent for Shopping Assistantscited by 10
  5. 2026Risky-Bench: Probing Agentic Safety Risks under Real-World Deploymentcited by 8
  6. 2025A Functionality-Grounded Benchmark for Evaluating Web Agents in E-commerce Domainscited by 7
  7. 2026Orchard: An Open-Source Agentic Modeling Frameworkcited by 7
  8. 2026AgenticShop: Benchmarking Agentic Product Curation for Personalized Web Shoppingcited by 6
  9. 2026OpenWebRL: Demystifying Online Multi-turn Reinforcement Learning for Visual Web Agentscited by 6
  10. 2025HSCodeComp: A Realistic and Expert-level Benchmark for Deep Search Agents in Hierarchical Rule Applicationcited by 5
  11. 2026EvoIdeator: Evolving Scientific Ideas through Checklist-Grounded Reinforcement Learningcited by 5
  12. 2026Ego2Web: A Web Agent Benchmark Grounded in Egocentric Videoscited by 5
  13. 2025MCP vs RAG vs NLWeb vs HTML: A Comparison of the Effectiveness and Efficiency of Different Agent Interfaces to the Web (Technical Report)cited by 4
  14. 2026SimGym: Traffic-Grounded Browser Agents for Offline A/B Testing in E-Commercecited by 4
  15. 2026SnapGuard: Lightweight Prompt Injection Detection for Screenshot-Based Web Agentscited by 4
  16. 2026ShopGym: An Integrated Framework for Realistic Simulation and Scalable Benchmarking of E-Commerce Web Agentscited by 4
  17. 2026Weblica: Scalable and Reproducible Training Environments for Visual Web Agentscited by 3
  18. 2026Redundant or Necessary? A Benchmark for Detecting Redundant Steps in Agent Trajectoriescited by 2
  19. 2026Who Pays the Price? Stakeholder-Centric Prompt Injection Benchmarking for Real-world Web Agentscited by 2
  20. 2026FocusMem: Factorizing Content, Readout, and Trust in Latent GUI Memorycited by 2
  21. 2026ComboShoppingBench: Evaluating LLM Agents for Budget-Constrained Basket Shopping with Couponscited by 2
  22. 2026StressWeb: A Diagnostic Benchmark for Web Agent Robustness under Realistic Interaction Variabilitycited by 1
  23. 2026SimGym: A Framework for A/B Test Simulation in E-Commerce with Traffic-Grounded VLM Agentscited by 1
  24. 2026Wuying-Browser-Agent: Real-World Centric Fundamental Long-Horizon Browser Agentscited by 1
  25. 2026DETOUR: An Interactive Benchmark for Dual-Agent Search and Reasoningcited by 0
  26. 2026Known By Their Actions: Fingerprinting LLM Browser Agents via UI Tracescited by 0
  27. 2026RecoAtlas: From Semantic Plausibility to Set-Level Utility in LLM Recommendation Agentscited by 0
  28. 2026DailyReport: An Open-ended Benchmark for Evaluating Search Agents on Daily Search Taskscited by 0
  29. 2026Beyond expert users: agents should help users construct preferences, not just elicit themcited by 0
  30. 2026APeB: Benchmarking Personalization Ability of Large Language Model Agentscited by 0
  31. 2026RealWorldShop: Benchmarking and Improving Conversational Shopping Agents in Real-World E-commercecited by 0
  32. 2026SearchJev: A Fast and Calibrated System-1 Model for Search Agentscited by 0

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025ShoppingBench: A Real-World Intent-Grounded Shopping Benchmark for LLM-based Agents
  2. 2026ProductResearch: Training E-Commerce Deep Research Agents via Multi-Agent Synthetic Trajectory Distillation
  3. 2026QueryAgent-R1: Bridging Query Generation and Product Retrieval for E-Commerce Query Recommendation
  4. 2026EComAgentBench: Benchmarking Shopping Agents on Long-Horizon Tasks with Distributed Hidden Intent
  5. 2026Shopping Companion: Benchmarking and Training LLM Agents for Long-Horizon Preference-Grounded E-Commerce Tasks
  6. 2025OptAgent: Optimizing Query Rewriting for E-commerce via Multi-Agent Simulation
  7. 2026ZooWork-ShopRanker: An Open, Preference-Aligned E-Commerce Reranker
  8. 2026Iterating Toward Better Search: A Two-Agent Simulation Framework for Evaluating Agentic Search Architectures in E-Commerce