MMInA: Benchmarking Multihop Multimodal Internet Agents
On the map: LLM agents and tool use → Web, search, and research agents
Abstract (arXiv)
Autonomous embodied agents live on an Internet of multimedia websites. Can they hop around multimodal websites to complete complex user tasks? Existing benchmarks fail to assess them in a realistic, evolving environment for their embodiment across websites. To answer this question, we present MMInA, a multihop and multimodal benchmark to evaluate the embodied agents for compositional Internet tasks, with several appealing properties: 1) Evolving real-world multimodal websites. Our benchmark uniquely operates on evolving real-world websites, ensuring a high degree of realism and applicability to natural user tasks. Our data includes 1,050 human-written tasks covering various domains such as shopping and travel, with each task requiring the agent to extract multimodal information from web pages as observations autonomously; 2) Multihop web browsing. Our dataset features naturally compositional tasks that require information from or actions on multiple websites to solve, to assess long-range reasoning capabilities on web tasks; 3) Holistic evaluation. We propose a novel protocol for evaluating an agent's progress in completing multihop tasks. We experiment with both standalone (multimodal) language models and heuristic-based web agents. Extensive experiments demonstrate that while long-chain multihop web tasks are easy for humans, they remain challenging for state-of-the-art web agents. We identify that agents are more likely to fail on the early hops when solving tasks with more hops, which results in lower task success rates. To address this issue, we propose a simple memory augmentation approach that replays past action trajectories to reflect. Our method significantly improves the performance of both the single-hop and multihop web browsing abilities. Our code and data are available at github.com/shulin16/MMInA.
Key facts. Cited by 55 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Web, search, and research agents, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 41 of its 50 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 15 Apr 2024.
Builds on
41 of 50 references.
Closest ancestors · 5
Same direction, newest first
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- 2022WebShop: Towards Scalable Real-World Web Interaction with Grounded Language Agents4 Jul
Other references · 36
- 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,456
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- 2023AgentBench: Evaluating LLMs as Agentscited by 1,211
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- 2023CogAgent: A Visual Language Model for GUI Agentscited by 692
- 2023DataComp: In search of the next generation of multimodal datasetscited by 635
- 2024SeeClick: Harnessing GUI Grounding for Advanced Visual GUI Agentscited by 553
- 2018VirtualHome: Simulating Household Activities via Programscited by 411
- 2023AppAgent: Multimodal Agents as Smartphone Userscited by 407
- 2024TravelPlanner: A Benchmark for Real-World Planning with Language Agentscited by 385
- 2022Pix2Struct: Screenshot Parsing as Pretraining for Visual Language Understandingcited by 360
- 2024Mobile-Agent: Autonomous Multi-Modal Mobile Device Agent with Visual Perceptioncited by 283
- 2018Reinforcement Learning on Web Interfaces Using Workflow-Guided Explorationcited by 282
- 2023MIMIC-IT: Multi-Modal In-Context Instruction Tuningcited by 264
- 2023OpenAGI: When LLM Meets Domain Expertscited by 196
- 2024WebLINX: Real-World Website Navigation with Multi-Turn Dialoguecited by 177
- 2024OmniACT: A Dataset and Benchmark for Enabling Multimodal Generalist Autonomous Agents for Desktop and Webcited by 156
- 2021AndroidEnv: A Reinforcement Learning Platform for Androidcited by 90
- 2023BOLAA: Benchmarking and Orchestrating LLM-augmented Autonomous Agentscited by 83
- 2023ChatBridge: Bridging Modalities with Large Language Model as a Language Catalystcited by 64
- 2021Grounding Open-Domain Instructions to Automate Web Support Taskscited by 43
- 2024Dual-View Visual Contextualization for Web Navigationcited by 24
- 2024Improving Language Understanding from Screenshotscited by 14
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 13; 2025: 23; 2026: 19.
55 papers.
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